scholarly journals Relative influence of intellectual disabilities and autism on mental and general health in Scotland: a cross-sectional study of a whole country of 5.3 million children and adults

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Kinnear ◽  
Ewelina Rydzewska ◽  
Kirsty Dunn ◽  
Laura Anne Hughes-McCormack ◽  
Craig Melville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
General Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor General Health ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

ObjectivesTo determine the relative extent that autism and intellectual disabilities are independently associated with poor mental and general health, in children and adults.DesignCross-sectional study. For Scotland’s population, logistic regressions investigated odds of intellectual disabilities and autism predicting mental health conditions, and poor general health, adjusted for age and gender.Participants1 548 819 children/youth aged 0-24 years, and 3 746 584 adults aged more than 25 years, of whom 9396/1 548 819 children/youth had intellectual disabilities (0.6%), 25 063/1 548 819 children/youth had autism (1.6%); and 16 953/3 746 584 adults had intellectual disabilities (0.5%), 6649/3 746 584 adults had autism (0.2%). These figures are based on self-report.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported general health status and mental health.ResultsIn children/youth, intellectual disabilities (OR 7.04, 95% CI 6.30 to 7.87) and autism (OR 25.08, 95% CI 23.08 to 27.32) both independently predicted mental health conditions. In adults, intellectual disabilities (OR 3.50, 95% CI 3.20 to 3.84) and autism (OR 5.30, 95% CI 4.80 to 5.85) both independently predicted mental health conditions. In children/youth, intellectual disabilities (OR 18.34, 95% CI 17.17 to 19.58) and autism (OR 8.40, 95% CI 8.02 to 8.80) both independently predicted poor general health. In adults, intellectual disabilities (OR 7.54, 95% CI 7.02 to 8.10) and autism (OR 4.46, 95% CI 4.06 to 4.89) both independently predicted poor general health.ConclusionsBoth intellectual disabilities and autism independently predict poor health, intellectual disabilities more so for general health and autism more so for mental health. Intellectual disabilities and autism are not uncommon, and due to their associated poor health, sufficient services/supports are needed. This is not just due to coexistence of these conditions or just to having intellectual disabilities, as the population with autism is independently associated with substantial health inequalities compared with the general population, across the entire life course.

Prevalence of parental mental health conditions among children aged 0–16 years in Denmark: A nationwide register-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110454
Author(s):  
Amanda M.S. Christesen ◽  
Camilla K. Knudsen ◽  
Kirsten Fonager ◽  
Martin N. Johansen ◽  
Signe Heuckendorff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Condition ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Conditions

Aim: Parental mental health conditions adversely affect the children. Information on the prevalence of parental mental health conditions is needed to help policymakers allocate resources appropriately. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of children with parental mental health conditions in Denmark and further estimate the age-specific prevalence and geographical variation. Methods: In this nationwide register-based cross-sectional study, we included all children born between 2000 and 2016 if they resided in Denmark on 31 December 2016. Information on both maternal and paternal mental health conditions was retrieved from primary and secondary healthcare registers. Parental mental health conditions were categorised in three severity groups: minor, moderate, and severe. We estimated the proportion of children with parental mental health conditions on 31 December 2016. Results: Of the 1,106,459 children aged 0–16 years, 39.1% had at least one parent with a mental health condition. The prevalence increased with age of the children until the age of six years. Geographical variation in the prevalence ranged from 29.0% to 48.3% in the 98 municipalities. Minor parental mental health conditions (23.5%) were more common than moderate (13.5%) and severe parental mental health conditions (2.2%). Hospital-diagnosed parental mental health conditions were prevalent in 12.8% of the children. Conclusions: Two in five children aged 0–16 years in Denmark have parents with a mental health condition and geographical variation exists. The high prevalence of children with parental mental health conditions is an important public health challenge, which calls for attention.

scholarly journals Association of socioeconomic and lifestyle-related risk factors with mental health conditions: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miwako Nagasu ◽  
Kazutaka Kogi ◽  
Isamu Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Household Disposable Income

Abstract Background There is rising public concern over the widening health inequalities in many countries. The aim of this study was to clarify the associations of socioeconomic status (SES)-related variables, such as levels of household disposable income and employment status, and lifestyle factors with mental health conditions among Japanese adults aged 40 to 69. Methods A cross-sectional study of 3085 participants (1527 males and 1558 females) was undertaken by using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and questions related to socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Results The prevalence of poor mental health conditions, represented by a GHQ-12 score of 4 or more, was 33.4% among males and 40.4% among females. Males whose annual household disposable income was less than 2 million yen had significantly higher GHQ-12 scores than those with an annual household disposable income above 2 million yen. As per binary logistic regression analyses, short sleep duration and the absence of physical exercise were significantly related to poor mental health conditions among both males and females. Among females, a household disposable income of less than 2 million yen could be a risk factor for poor mental health conditions. Age and habitual drinking were inversely associated with poor mental health conditions. Conclusions Low levels of household disposable income and unhealthy lifestyle factors were significantly associated with mental health conditions. These results suggest the importance of improving unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and developing effective health promotion programmes. In addition, there is a need for social security systems for people from different socioeconomic backgrounds.

scholarly journals Prevalence of mental health conditions and relationship with general health in a whole-country population of people with intellectual disabilities compared with the general population

BJPsych Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Hughes-McCormack ◽  
Ewelina Rydzewska ◽  
Angela Henderson ◽  
Cecilia MacIntyre ◽  
Julie Rintoul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
General Health ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Country Study ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

BackgroundThere are no previous whole-country studies on mental health and relationships with general health in intellectual disability populations; study results vary.AimsTo determine the prevalence of mental health conditions and relationships with general health in a total population with and without intellectual disabilities.MethodNinety-four per cent completed Scotland's Census 2011. Data on intellectual disabilities, mental health and general health were extracted, and the association between them was investigated.ResultsA total of 26 349/5 295 403 (0.5%) had intellectual disabilities. In total, 12.8% children, 23.4% adults and 27.2% older adults had mental health conditions compared with 0.3, 5.3 and 4.5% of the general population. Intellectual disabilities predicted mental health conditions; odds ratio (OR)=7.1 (95% CI 6.8–7.3). General health was substantially poorer and associated with mental health conditions; fair health OR=1.8 (95% CI 1.7–1.9), bad/very bad health OR=4.2 (95% CI 3.9–4.6).ConclusionsThese large-scale, whole-country study findings are important, given the previously stated lack of confidence in comparative prevalence results, and the need to plan services accordingly.

scholarly journals Precarious Work and Poor Occupational Health: A Cross-sectional Study in Luxembourg

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Majery ◽  
Jemima Wangata Shadi ◽  
Paula Camelia Trandafir
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Health Disorders

Abstract BackgroundIn the literature, an increase in precarious work in Luxembourg as well as in other countries, has been associated to poor health. Therefore, the Occupational Health Physicians of the “Service de Santé au Travail Multisectoriel” (STM), considering the comfortable financial situation during unemployment in Luxembourg, compared the health and lifestyle data of precarious workers to those with stable work.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 1472 workers (910 in stable and 562 in precarious work), who were examined at the STM in 2019. Lifestyle and health were self-reported by the workers. The qualitative variables (frequencies and percentage) related to demographic, health, lifestyle and employment factors were analyzed in each group. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare both groups and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the associations between health issues (cardiovascular, mental health, musculoskeletal disorders [MSD]) and employment contract type. ResultsRegarding lifestyle, there were significant differences in age, tobacco smoking, type of work, and mental health disorders between the two groups. Precarious workers had a higher prevalence of poor health in the entire sample. As for mental health disorders, the prevalence was significantly higher in precarious than in stable work (8.5% vs 4.1%, p<0.0001). The difference was not significant in both groups for cardiovascular (6.9% vs 5.8%) and musculoskeletal (15.1% vs 13.7%) disorders. Multivariate logistic regression for the total sample revealed a positive association of precarious work and poor health. The odds ratios were 2.36 (CI: 1.50-3.73) for mental health 1.37 (CI: 0.87-2.17) for cardiovascular, and 1.04 (CI: 0.76-1.43) for musculoskeletal disorders. The association was significant only for mental health disorders. The results by gender showed up a higher risk for mental disorders for women in precarious work (OR=3.41, CI: 1.43-7.82) than for men (OR= 2.99, CI: 1.33-6.74). Men in precarious work had a positive association for cardio-vascular disorders (OR =1.84, CI: 1.03-3.29), and women a negative one (OR= 0.88, CI: 0.40-1.95).ConclusionsOur study revealed an association between precarious work and poor health. For mental health, this association was significant for both genders, but particularly so for women. Cardiovascular disorders were positively significantly associated only for men.

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