scholarly journals Maternal vitamin B12, folate during pregnancy and neurocognitive outcomes in young adults of the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS) prospective birth cohort: study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e046242
Author(s):  
Rishikesh V Behere ◽  
Gopikrishna Deshpande ◽  
Souvik Kumar Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Chittaranjan Yajnik
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Neurocognitive Outcomes ◽  
Nutrition Study ◽  
Hospital Research

IntroductionThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis proposes that intrauterine and early life exposures significantly influence fetal development and risk for disease in later life. Evidence from prospective birth cohorts suggests a role for maternal B12 and folate in influencing neurocognitive outcomes in the offspring. In the Indian setting, B12 deficiency is common during the pregnancy while rates of folate deficiency are lower. The long-term influences of maternal nutrition during the pregnancy on adult neurocognitive outcomes have not been examined. The Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS) is a preconceptional birth cohort into its 24th year and is considered a unique resource to study the DOHaD hypothesis. We found an association between maternal B12 status in pregnancy and child’s neurocognitive status at 9 years of age. We now plan to assess neurocognitive function and MRI measurements of brain structural–functional connectivity at young adult age to study its association with maternal nutritional exposures during the pregnancy.Methods and analysisAs part of ongoing prospective follow-up in young adults of the PMNS at the Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital Research Center, Pune India, the following measurements will be done: neurocognitive performance (Standardised Tests of Intelligence, Verbal and Visual Memory, Attention and Executive Functions), temperament (Adult Temperament Questionnaire), psychopathology (Brief Symptom Inventory and Clinical Interview on Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview 7.0). Brain MRI for structural T1, resting-state functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging will be performed on a subset of the cohort (selected based on exposure to a lower or higher maternal B12 status at 18 weeks of pregnancy).Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by Institutional ethics committee of KEM Hospital Research Center, Pune. The results will be shared at national and international scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT03096028

scholarly journals Circulating microRNAs from early childhood and adolescence are associated with pre-diabetes at 18 years of age in women from the PMNS cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mugdha V. Joglekar ◽  
Pooja S. Kunte ◽  
Wilson K.M. Wong ◽  
Dattatray S. Bhat ◽  
Sarang N. Satoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Age Validation ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Nutrition Study ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerant ◽  
Leave One Out

A high (20%) prevalence of glucose intolerance at 18-years was seen in women from the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS) birth cohort. Here, we provide preliminary longitudinal analyses of circulating microRNAs in normal glucose tolerant (NGT@18y, N=10) and glucose intolerant (N=8) women (ADA criteria) at 6-, 12- and 17-years of their age using discovery analysis (OpenArray platform). Machine-learning workflows involving Lasso with bootstrapping/leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) identified microRNAs associated with glucose intolerance at 18-years of age. Several microRNAs, including miR-212-3p, miR-30e-3p and miR-638, stratified glucose-intolerant women from NGT at childhood. Our results suggest that circulating microRNAs in childhood could predict pre-diabetes at 18-years of age. Validation of these findings in males and remaining participants from the PMNS birth cohort will provide a unique opportunity to study novel epigenetic mechanisms in the life-course progression of glucose intolerance and enhance current clinical risk prediction of pre-diabetes and progression to type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Caesarean delivery is associated with increased blood pressure in young adult offspring

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaraporn Rerkasem ◽  
Sarah E. Maessen ◽  
Antika Wongthanee ◽  
Sakda Pruenglampoo ◽  
Ampica Mangklabruks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Clinical Assessments

AbstractWe examined the associations between caesarean section (CS) delivery and cardiovascular risk factors in young adults in Thailand. Participants were 632 offspring from a birth cohort in Chiang Mai (Northern Thailand), born in 1989–1990 and assessed in 2010 at a mean age of 20.6 years, including 57 individuals (9.0%) born by CS and 575 born vaginally. Clinical assessments included anthropometry, blood pressure (BP), carotid intima-media thickness, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile. Young adults born by CS had systolic BP (SBP) 6.2 mmHg higher (p < 0.001), diastolic BP 3.2 mmHg higher (p = 0.029), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) 4.1 mmHg higher (p = 0.003) than those born vaginally. After covariate adjustments, SBP and MAP remained 4.1 mmHg (p = 0.006) and 2.9 mmHg (p = 0.021) higher, respectively, in the CS group. The prevalence of abnormal SBP (i.e., pre-hypertension or hypertension) in the CS group was 2.5 times that of those born vaginally (25.0% vs 10.3%; p = 0.003), with an adjusted relative risk of abnormal SBP 1.9 times higher (95% CI 1.15, 2.98; p = 0.011). There were no differences in anthropometry (including obesity risk) or other metabolic parameters. In this birth cohort in Thailand, CS delivery was associated with increased blood pressure in young adulthood.

scholarly journals Early determinants of metabolically healthy obesity in young adults: study of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1704-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn Nedelec ◽  
Jari Jokelainen ◽  
Jouko Miettunen ◽  
Aimo Ruokonen ◽  
Karl-Heinz Herzig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

scholarly journals Objectively measured physical activity according to the periods of the day in the Pelotas Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andrea Wendt ◽  
Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽  
Luiza I. C. Ricardo ◽  
Bruna Gonçalves C. da Silva ◽  
Rafaela C. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Triaxial Accelerometer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

This study aims to describe objectively measured physical activity (PA) in different periods of the day in young adults according to sex, socioeconomic position and during weekdays and weekends. This is a cross-sectional analysis carried out with the participants of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort at 22 years. PA was assessed by triaxial accelerometer. Descriptive analyses were performed presenting the time spent on light PA (LPA) and bouted moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) in different periods of the day (morning - 6am to 11:59 am, afternoon – 12pm to 7:59 pm and night – 8pm to 11:59pm). The present study included 2,766 individuals (48.2% male and 51.8% female). LPA was higher among women, while bouted MVPA levels were higher among men. The median of  PA was higher on weekdays compared to weekends for all intensities. The bouted MVPA medians in the morning and at night were zero minutes for all days and both sexes. The richest group presented a higher percentage of individuals with zero minutes. PA may vary according to different periods of the day and intensity. The absence of PA practice was markedly influenced by sex and socioeconomic position.

scholarly journals Modulation of APOE and SORL1 genes on hippocampal functional connectivity in healthy young adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 222 (6) ◽  
pp. 2877-2889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlin Shen ◽  
Wen Qin ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Lixue Xu ◽  
Jiayuan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity
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