Clinician attitude towards safety in medication management: a participatory action research study in an emergency department

ObjectivesEdication management is a process in which medications are selected, procured, delivered, prescribed, reviewed, administered and monitored to assure high-quality patient care and safety. This paper explores clinicians’ attitudes towards medication management which is both open to influence and strongly linked to successful changes in mediation behaviour. We aimed to investigate effects of engaging in participatory action research to improve emergency medicine clinicians’ attitudes to safety in medication management.SettingEmergency department of one university affiliated hospital.ParticipantsA total of 85 clinicians including nurses and physicians partook as participants. Eight managers and clinicians participated as representatives.DesignData are drawn from two-cycle participatory action research. Initially, a situation analysis on the current medication management and clinician views regarding medication management was conducted using three focus groups. Evaluation and reflection data were obtained through qualitative interviews. All qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsClinicians initially expressed negative attitudes towards existing and new plans for medication management, in that they were critical of current medication-related policy and procedures, as well as wary of the potential relevance and utility of potential changes to medication management. Through the action research, improvement actions were implemented including interprofessional courses, pharmacist-led interventions and the development of new guidelines regarding medication management. Participants and their representatives were engaged in all participatory action research stages with different levels of involvement. Extracted results from evaluation and reflection stages revealed that by engaging in the action research and practice new interventions, clinicians’ attitude towards medication management was improved.ConclusionsThe results support the impact of participatory action research on enhancing clinicians’ positive attitudes through their involvement in planning and implementing safety enhancing aspects of medication management.

Download Full-text

The Role of Participatory Action Research on Clinicians’ Attitudes toward Medication Management

10.21203/rs.3.rs-104487/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Bakhshi ◽

Rebecca Mitchell ◽

Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi ◽

Mostafa Javadi ◽

Shokoh Varaei

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Medication Management ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Medication Therapy ◽

Management Actions ◽

Reflection Data ◽

Current Medication ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Medication management is a cyclic and multidisciplinary approach to enhance safe medication therapy. This paper explores clinician attitude toward medication management which is both open to influence and strongly linked to successful changes in mediation behavior.Purpose: To investigate effects of engaging in participatory action research to improve emergency medicine clinicians’ attitudes toward implementing effective medication management.Methodology: Data are drawn from two-cycle participatory action research. Within the study, a total of 85 clinicians including nurses and physicians from emergency department of one university affiliated hospital participated as participants. Eight managers and clinicians participated as representatives. Initially, a situation analysis on the current medication management and clinician views regarding medication management was conducted using three focus groups. Evaluation and reflection data were obtained through qualitative interviews. All qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Clinicians initially expressed negative attitudes toward existing and new plans for medication management, in that they were critical of current medication-related policy and procedures, as well as wary of the potential relevance and utility of potential changes to medication management. Through the action research, improvement actions were implemented including interprofessional courses, pharmacist-led interventions, and the development of new guidelines regarding medication management. Participants and their representatives were engaged in all participatory action research stages. Extracted results from evaluation and reflection stages revealed that by engaging in the action research and practice new interventions, clinicians’ attitude toward medication management was improved. Conclusion: The results support the impact of participatory action research on enhanced clinicians’ positive attitudes through involvement in planning and implementing medication management actions.

Download Full-text

Spaces and places for popular education and participatory action research

Community-based Learning and Social Movements ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447343257.003.0003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-56

Author(s):

Marjorie Mayo

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Lifelong Learning ◽

Public Services ◽

Popular Education ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Community Based ◽

Community Based Education ◽

The Impact ◽

Informal Settings

Governments have supported popular education initiatives in the past. And so have community organisations and social movements. But the spaces for popular education have been shrinking in recent times, as part of the impact of neo-liberal globalisation. Public services have been increasingly subjected to pressures from market forces, pressures that have impacted on community-based education and lifelong learning. Despite these wider pressures, educators have continued to find spaces and places for popular education and participatory action research, however, working across sectors in a variety of contexts. The chapter includes examples of innovatory approaches in both formal settings and informal settings (such as libraries and community centres) including examples from both Northern and Southern American contexts.

Download Full-text

Reflections From Co-Researchers With Intellectual Disability: Benefits to Inclusion in a Research Study Team

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1352/1934-9556-56.5.251 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 251-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Brittany St. John ◽

Iulia Mihaila ◽

Katelyn Dorrance ◽

Leann Smith DaWalt ◽

Karla K. Ausderau

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Research Participation ◽

Research Process ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Research Staff ◽

Study Team ◽

Academic Faculty ◽

The Impact

Abstract Participatory action research methodologies may empower and protect marginalized individuals; however, they remain underutilized. Limited studies have investigated the impact of participatory action research, specifically on individuals with intellectual disability (ID). This study examines (1) the perspectives of co-researchers with ID on their involvement in the research process and (2) the feasibility of their inclusion based on perspectives of research staff (academic faculty and graduate students without ID). Three co-researchers with ID were interviewed regarding their research participation. Thematic analysis of interviews identified four themes: (1) Shared Experience of Disability, (2) Teaching and Guidance, (3) Acquisition of Skills and Knowledge, and (4) Value of Participation. Research staff reviewed field notes and identified benefits and challenges to feasibility of including co-researchers with ID. Inclusion of co-researchers with ID was found to be both meaningful and feasible.

Download Full-text

Methodological Challenges in Participatory Action Research with Undocumented Central American Migrants

Journal for Social Action in Counseling & Psychology ◽

10.33043/jsacp.3.2.22-35 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 22-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Brinton Lykes ◽

Rachel M. Hershberg ◽

Kalina M. Brabeck

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Immigrant Families ◽

Assistant Professor ◽

Central American ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Early Stages ◽

Senior Scholar ◽

Methodological Challenges ◽

The Impact

An interdisciplinary participatory action research (PAR) project was designed in collaboration with local immigrant organizations to document the impact of deportation policy on Central American immigrant families living in the northeastern U.S. This paper reports on selected methodological challenges of university-based co-researchers in this community-university PAR process which is currently concluding its fourth year. The paper discusses the iterative action-reflection processes focusing on: (1) an overview of the PAR project and its multiple phases within the U.S. and in Guatemala; (2) select challenges and contributions of the PAR approach for participating immigrant families “living in the shadows” and, (3) methodological concerns from the three coauthors, who include a graduate student who joined the early stages of partnership-building; an assistant professor in the early stages of her career; and a senior scholar with many years of experience in activist scholarship. We conclude with thoughts on why, despite these challenges, PAR is “worth the trouble”.

Download Full-text

"Everybody knows by hearing but not by seeing": Exploring the use of photovoice to document challenges of some inter-provincial students at the University of Danang, Vietnam

10.26686/wgtn.17013935.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Duc Tran

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Research Process ◽

University Administrators ◽

Participatory Action ◽

The University ◽

The Impact

<p>This research employed a Participatory Action Research methodology to work with minority inter-provincial students and unearth their lived experiences at the University of Danang in Vietnam. It focused on examining the undervaluation of inter-provincial students’ voices in the university’s policies – and to a wider extent, in most Vietnamese universities – by facilitating a process in which their challenges and ideas for change at university could be heard. This research also sought to observe and analyse the influences of power dynamics within a Confucian-heritaged context on the participatory research process itself. Vietnam is believed to be a society in which hierarchical power takes its deepest roots due to the effects of Confucianism. By using Participatory Action Research with a variety of methods – photovoice, diagraming, group discussion, interviewing and exhibition – I sought to facilitate student voices and document some of the potential and constraints of the methodology within this cultural context. The research involved eleven student participants and ten teacher participants over a period of six weeks. Data was collectively analysed and shared by student participants with invited teachers through an exhibition at the University of Danang. Throughout the process, I took extensive field notes of my observations and interactions with participants. Data analysis was then written and presented in this thesis based on what participants had provided. Key themes that this thesis explores are: (1) challenges that faced inter-provincial students, (2) the impact of Confucius hierarchical power on participants’ involvement and ownership in the research and (3) the role of language and emotion when undertaking Participatory Action Research in such a context. The process generated clear evidence of the common challenges facing interprovincial students associated with limited finances, mentality/spirituality, and poor living conditions. From analysis of these challenges, the research provides recommendations for teachers, university administrators and policy-makers. These recommendations promote a more holistic pedagogy that better encourages students to develop themselves throughout their time at university. The thesis also concludes that the use of Participatory Action Research within higher education settings in Vietnam can serve as a research model for the betterment of disadvantaged minority students. It could help minimise the effects of neoliberalism on the country’s higher education sector and foster better development outcomes for students and their home provinces.</p>

Download Full-text

Collective Voices: Engagement of Hartford Community Residents through Participatory Action Research

The Qualitative Report ◽

10.46743/2160-3715/2014.1013 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth Williamson ◽

Karen Brown

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Design Research ◽

Community Research ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Collective Levels ◽

Action Strategies ◽

Social Environmental ◽

The Impact

The article details a Participatory Action Research (PAR) Project that partnered Latino and African and Caribbean American residents with research educators from the Institute for Community Research in Hartford, CT. PAR has been used to engage marginalized people in the process of knowledge production and take action to change the oppressive structures affecting them. Project participants worked together to design research projects on economic opportunities and trainings for Spanish speaking residents, the social, environmental and physical conditions of neighborhoods, and the educational outcomes for Hartford schoolchildren; together they conducted research, analyzed and disseminated the results, and planned and implemented action strategies. This article discusses the process of developing a PAR project with different groups over a sustained period of time, reviews the results of from the overall project, and examines the impact of PAR for the participants. The analyzed and disseminated the results, and planned and implemented action strategies. This article discusses the process of developing a PAR project with different groups over a sustained period of time, reviews the results of from the overall project, and examines the impact of PAR for the participants. The critical results were the development of individual and collective voice, cross-neighborhood understanding and collaboration, and capacity building at individual and collective levels, as well as research and action results by residents.

Download Full-text

Dare we speak of ethics? Attending to the unsayable amongst nurse leaders

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733010373433 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 566-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kara Schick Makaroff ◽

Janet Storch ◽

Lorelei Newton ◽

Tom Fulton ◽

Lynne Stevenson

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Collaborative Research ◽

Research Study ◽

Health Care Research ◽

Nurse Leaders ◽

Ethical Practice ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Academic Leaders ◽

The Impact

There is increasing emphasis on the need for collaboration between practice and academic leaders in health care research. However, many problems can arise owing to differences between academic and clinical goals and timelines. In order for research to move forward it is important to name and address these issues early in a project. In this article we use an example of a participatory action research study of ethical practice in nursing to highlight some of the issues that are not frequently discussed and we identify the impact of things not-named. Further, we offer our insights to others who wish to be partners in research between academic and practice settings. These findings have wide implications for ameliorating misunderstandings that may develop between nurse leaders in light of collaborative research, as well as for participatory action research.

Download Full-text

Predicting trust in police: the impact of instrumental and expressive concerns in street-identified Black-American men and women

Policing An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/pijpsm-01-2020-0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 917-933

Author(s):

Darryl L. Chambers ◽

Yasser A. Payne ◽

Ivan Sun

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Black Men ◽

Low Income ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Men And Women ◽

Content Type ◽

Original Manuscript ◽

The Impact ◽

Trust In Police

PurposeWhile the past few decades have witnessed a substantial number of studies on public attitudes toward the police, a relatively thin line of inquiry has focused exclusively on low income urban Black-Americans, and especially street-identified Black populations. The purpose of this paper, however, is to examine trust in police amongst street-identified Black men and women.Design/methodology/approachRelying on a street participatory action research methodological approach, the authors collected survey data (N = 520) from two low-income unban Black neighborhoods, to examine the effects of an instrumental model versus an expressive model on procedural- and outcome-based trust in police.FindingsThe findings suggested a community sample of street-identified Black men and women were able to differentiate between procedural- and outcome-based trust. The instrumental model was better in predicting procedural-based trust in police, while the expressive model accounted better for outcome-based trust in police.Research limitations/implicationsImplications for street participatory action research methodology, future research and policy are also discussed.Originality/valueThis paper is an original manuscript.

Download Full-text

Participatory Action Research on the Impact of Community Gardening in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Investigating the Seeding Plan in Shanghai, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126243 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6243

Author(s):

Huaiyun Kou ◽

Sichu Zhang ◽

Wenjia Li ◽

Yuelai Liu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Mental Health ◽

Action Research ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Research Approach ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Community Gardening ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

The Impact

This study aims to examine the impacts of community gardening on the daily life of residents and the management organisation of pandemic prevention in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, a major public health scourge in 2020. The research team applied a participatory action research approach to work with residents to design and implement the Seeding Plan, a contactless community gardening program. The authors carried out a study to compare the everyday conditions reflecting residents’ mental health of the three subject groups during the pandemic: the participants of the Seeding Plan (Group A), the non-participants living in the same communities that had implemented the Seeding Plan (Group B), and the non-participants in other communities (Group C). According to the results, group A showed the best mental health among the three; Group B, positively influenced by seeding activities, was better than Group C. The interview results also confirmed that the community connections established through gardening activities have a significant impact on maintaining a positive social mentality under extraordinary circumstances. From this, the study concluded that gardening activities can improve people’s mental health, effectively resist negative impacts, and it is a convenient tool with spreading influence on the entire community, so as to support the collective response to public health emergencies in a bottom-up direction by the community.

Download Full-text