scholarly journals Vision impairment and differential access to eye health services in Aotearoa New Zealand: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e048215
Author(s):  
Jaymie Tingkham Rogers ◽  
Joanna Black ◽  
Matire Harwood ◽  
Ben Wilkinson ◽  
Iris Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Differential Access

IntroductionIn Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori and Pacific people experience worse health outcomes compared with other New Zealanders. No population-based eye health survey has been conducted, and eye health services do not generate routine monitoring reports, so the extent of eye health inequality is unknown. This information is required to plan equitable eye health services. Here we outline the protocol for a scoping review to report the nature and extent of the evidence reporting vision impairment, and the use of eye health services by ethnicity in New Zealand.Methods and analysisAn information specialist will conduct searches on MEDLINE and Embase, with no limit on publication dates or language. We will search the grey literature via websites of relevant government and service provider agencies. Reference lists of included articles will be screened. Observational studies will be included if they report the prevalence of vision impairment, or any of the main causes (cataract, uncorrected refractive error, macular degeneration, glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy) or report the use of eye health services in New Zealand among people of any age. Two authors will independently review titles, abstracts and full-text articles, and complete data extraction. Overall findings will be summarised using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, with an emphasis on disaggregation by ethnicity where this information is available.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has not been sought as our review will only include published and publicly accessible data. We will publish the review in an open access peer-reviewed journal. We anticipate the findings will be useful to organisations and providers in New Zealand responsible to plan and deliver eye care services, as well as stakeholders in other countries with differential access to eye care.Registration detailsThe protocol has been registered with Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/yw7xb).

Is Pacific language ability protective of prevalence of mental disorders among Pacific peoples in New Zealand?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirenei Taua'i ◽  
Rose Richards ◽  
Jesse Kokaua
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Language Promotion

Aims: To explore associations between experiences of mental illness, migration status and languages spoken among Pacific adults living in NZ. Methods: SURVEY FREQ and SURVEY LOGISTIC procedures in SAS were applied to data from Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand (NZ) Mental Health Survey, a survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 and over in 2003/2004. Pacific people were over sampled and this paper focuses on the 2374 Pacific participants but includes, for comparison, 8160 non-Maori-non-Pacific (NMNP) participants. Results: Pacific migrant respondents had the lowest prevalence of mental disorders compared to other Pacific peoples. However, Pacific immigrants were also less likely to use mental health services, suggesting an increased likelihood of experiencing barriers to available mental health care. Those who were born in NZ and who were proficient in a Pacific language had the lowest levels of common mental disorders, suggesting a protective effect for the NZ-born population. Additionally, access to mental health services was similar between NZ-born people who spoke a Pacific language and those who did not. Conclusions: We conclude that, given the association between Pacific language and reduced mental disorder, there may be a positive role for Pacific language promotion in efforts to reduce the prevalence of mental health disorder among Pacific communities in NZ.

scholarly journals The Gambia National Eye Health Survey 2019: survey protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Abba Hydara ◽  
Andrew Bastawrous ◽  
Suzannah Bell ◽  
Dorothy Boggs ◽  
Tess Bright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Survey Protocol

Two national surveys of vision impairment and blindness were undertaken in The Gambia in 1986 and 1996. These provided data for the inception of The Gambia’s National Eye Health Programme (NEHP) within the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. There have been important developments in the eye health services provided by the NEHP in the last 20 years. At the same time, the population has also undergone major demographic changes that may have led to substantial changes in the burden of eye disease. We conducted a National Eye Health Survey of vision impairment, blindness and its comorbidities in adults in The Gambia in 2019. We examined a nationally representative population-based sample of adults 35 years and above to permit direct comparison with the data available from the previous surveys. Alongside a comprehensive vision and eye examination, the survey provides nationally representative data on important comorbidities in this population: diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hearing impairment, disability and mental health. Secondly, it estimates access to assistive technologies and eye health services. Thirdly, it is powered to allow a five-year follow up cohort study to measure the incidence and progression of eye disease.

scholarly journals The Gambia National Eye Health Survey 2019: survey protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Abba Hydara ◽  
Andrew Bastawrous ◽  
Suzannah Bell ◽  
Dorothy Boggs ◽  
Tess Bright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Survey Protocol

Two national surveys of vision impairment and blindness were undertaken in The Gambia in 1986 and 1996. These provided data for the inception of The Gambia’s National Eye Health Programme (NEHP) within the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. There have been important developments in the eye health services provided by the NEHP in the last 20 years. At the same time, the population has also undergone major demographic changes that may have led to substantial changes in the burden of eye disease. We conducted a National Eye Health Survey of vision impairment, blindness and its comorbidities in adults in The Gambia in 2019. We examined a nationally representative population-based sample of adults 35 years and above to permit direct comparison with the data available from the previous surveys. Alongside a comprehensive vision and eye examination, the survey provides nationally representative data on important comorbidities in this population: diabetes, hypertension, obesity, hearing impairment, disability and mental health. Secondly, it estimates access to assistive technologies and eye health services. Thirdly, it is powered to allow a five-year follow up cohort study to measure the incidence and progression of eye disease.

Perceptions of Eye Health and Eye Health Services among Adults Attending Outreach Eye Care Clinics in Papua New Guinea

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea Burnett ◽  
Mitasha Yu ◽  
Prakash Paudel ◽  
Thomas Naduvilath ◽  
Tim R Fricke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Eye Health

scholarly journals Pacific Women's Stories of Becoming a Nurse in New Zealand: a Radical Hermeneutic Reconstruction of Marginality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Margaret R Southwick
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Nurse Educator ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Multiple Worlds ◽  
Philosophical Underpinning

<p>This thesis examines Pacific women’s experiences of becoming a nurse and their first year of practice post Registration, within the New Zealand context. The participant’s stories of being students and beginning practitioners are inter-woven with my own reflections as a nurse and nurse educator who also claims a Pacific cultural heritage.  To create the space in which our stories can be laid down, the thesis includes a description of the migration and settlement of Pacific peoples in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This description shows how Pacific people have been systematically stigmatised and locked into marginalised positions by mainstream dominant culture.  The thesis deconstructs taken-for-granted and self perpetuating conceptualisations of marginality that currently underpins most theoretical explanations and proposes a reconstructed map of marginality. This deconstructed/reconstructed map of marginality is used as a template through which the experiences of the participants are filtered and interpreted.  Radical Hermeneutics provides a philosophical underpinning for this project that has as one of its objectives the desire to resist reducing complexity to simplistic explanation and superficial solutions. The thesis challenges Nursing to examine its role in reproducing the hegemonic power of dominant culture by applying unexamined cultural normative values that create binary boundaries between ‘them’ and ‘us’. At the same time the thesis challenges Pacific people to move past hegemonically induced states of alienation and learn how to walk in multiple worlds with confidence and power.</p>

scholarly journals What are young Pacific peoples understandings of leadership in Aotearoa New Zealand?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Grace Faletutulu
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Leadership Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Leadership Development Programs ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Leadership Beliefs

<p>This thesis is an exploration of the way leadership is understood by young Pacific peoples. It looks at the possible relationship between leadership and education outcomes for young Pacific peoples. It is located in an interpretative paradigm, and uses qualitative methods and seeks phenomenological date. This is because individuals interpret experiences differently, therefore understanding how these young Pacific people interpret ideas can help answer the thesis question. As Pacific research it foregrounds Pacific concepts such as vā and Pacific methods such as talanoa. These features seek to alignment with the community participating in the study. The findings suggest that young Pacific peoples understand leadership as a negotiation between Pacific and Western ideas. This negotiation is performed contextually. However, young Pacific peoples are also redefining leadership for themselves and a way they are doing this is by combining their Pacific and Western understandings of leadership. From the research there were three implications found for young Pacific peoples. Firstly, too much focus on culture can become a problem. Secondly, the different contexts that young Pacific peoples are being raised in influences their leadership beliefs, especially compared to the older generation. Lastly, young Pacific peoples need to receive recognition for their ability to negotiate ideas between the Pacific and Western worlds. Therefore, recommendations for future research come under two main categories environment. This is focused on rethinking leadership, firstly for young Pacific peoples in New Zealand-Pacific context, then rethinking for young Pacific peoples in a Western context. The second recommendation discusses ways to improve leadership development programs for young Pacific peoples in New Zealand.</p>

Greater insulin response to acute fructose ingestion among Māori and Pacific people compared to European people living in Aotearoa New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinki Murphy ◽  
Greg D. Gamble ◽  
Meaghan House ◽  
Bregina Pool ◽  
Anne Horne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

Mitochondrial genetic variation and gout in Māori and Pacific people living in Aotearoa New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L Gosling ◽  
James Boocock ◽  
Nicola Dalbeth ◽  
Jennie Harré Hindmarsh ◽  
Lisa K Stamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Read Depth ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Copy Number ◽  
Sample Set

ObjectiveMitochondria have an important role in the induction of the NLRP3 inflammasome response central in gout. The objective was to test whether mitochondrial genetic variation and copy number in New Zealand Māori and Pacific (Polynesian) people in Aotearoa New Zealand associate with susceptibility to gout.Methods437 whole mitochondrial genomes from Māori and Pacific people (predominantly men) from Aotearoa New Zealand (327 people with gout, 110 without gout) were sequenced. Mitochondrial DNA copy number variation was determined by assessing relative read depth using data produced from whole genome sequencing (32 cases, 43 controls) and targeted resequencing of urate loci (151 cases, 222 controls). Quantitative PCR was undertaken for replication of copy number findings in an extended sample set of 1159 Māori and Pacific men and women (612 cases, 547 controls).ResultsThere was relatively little mitochondrial genetic diversity, with around 96% of those sequenced in this study belonging to the B4a1a and derived sublineages. A B haplogroup heteroplasmy in hypervariable region I was found to associate with a higher risk of gout among the mitochondrial sequenced sample set (position 16181: OR=1.57, P=0.001). Increased copies of mitochondrial DNA were found to protect against gout risk with the effect being consistent when using hyperuricaemic controls across each of the three independent sample sets (OR=0.89, P=0.007; OR=0.90, P=0.002; OR=0.76, P=0.03). Paradoxically, an increase of mitochondrial DNA also associated with an increase in gout flare frequency in people with gout in the two larger sample sets used for the copy number analysis (β=0.003, P=7.1×10–7; β=0.08, P=1.2×10–4).ConclusionAssociation of reduced copy number with gout in hyperuricaemia was replicated over three Polynesian sample sets. Our data are consistent with emerging research showing that mitochondria are important for the colocalisation of the NLRP3 and ASC inflammasome subunits, a process essential for the generation of interleukin-1β in gout.

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