Greater insulin response to acute fructose ingestion among Māori and Pacific people compared to European people living in Aotearoa New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinki Murphy ◽  
Greg D. Gamble ◽  
Meaghan House ◽  
Bregina Pool ◽  
Anne Horne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

scholarly journals Pacific Women's Stories of Becoming a Nurse in New Zealand: a Radical Hermeneutic Reconstruction of Marginality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Margaret R Southwick
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Nurse Educator ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Multiple Worlds ◽  
Philosophical Underpinning

<p>This thesis examines Pacific women’s experiences of becoming a nurse and their first year of practice post Registration, within the New Zealand context. The participant’s stories of being students and beginning practitioners are inter-woven with my own reflections as a nurse and nurse educator who also claims a Pacific cultural heritage.  To create the space in which our stories can be laid down, the thesis includes a description of the migration and settlement of Pacific peoples in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This description shows how Pacific people have been systematically stigmatised and locked into marginalised positions by mainstream dominant culture.  The thesis deconstructs taken-for-granted and self perpetuating conceptualisations of marginality that currently underpins most theoretical explanations and proposes a reconstructed map of marginality. This deconstructed/reconstructed map of marginality is used as a template through which the experiences of the participants are filtered and interpreted.  Radical Hermeneutics provides a philosophical underpinning for this project that has as one of its objectives the desire to resist reducing complexity to simplistic explanation and superficial solutions. The thesis challenges Nursing to examine its role in reproducing the hegemonic power of dominant culture by applying unexamined cultural normative values that create binary boundaries between ‘them’ and ‘us’. At the same time the thesis challenges Pacific people to move past hegemonically induced states of alienation and learn how to walk in multiple worlds with confidence and power.</p>

scholarly journals What are young Pacific peoples understandings of leadership in Aotearoa New Zealand?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Grace Faletutulu
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Leadership Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Leadership Development Programs ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Leadership Beliefs

<p>This thesis is an exploration of the way leadership is understood by young Pacific peoples. It looks at the possible relationship between leadership and education outcomes for young Pacific peoples. It is located in an interpretative paradigm, and uses qualitative methods and seeks phenomenological date. This is because individuals interpret experiences differently, therefore understanding how these young Pacific people interpret ideas can help answer the thesis question. As Pacific research it foregrounds Pacific concepts such as vā and Pacific methods such as talanoa. These features seek to alignment with the community participating in the study. The findings suggest that young Pacific peoples understand leadership as a negotiation between Pacific and Western ideas. This negotiation is performed contextually. However, young Pacific peoples are also redefining leadership for themselves and a way they are doing this is by combining their Pacific and Western understandings of leadership. From the research there were three implications found for young Pacific peoples. Firstly, too much focus on culture can become a problem. Secondly, the different contexts that young Pacific peoples are being raised in influences their leadership beliefs, especially compared to the older generation. Lastly, young Pacific peoples need to receive recognition for their ability to negotiate ideas between the Pacific and Western worlds. Therefore, recommendations for future research come under two main categories environment. This is focused on rethinking leadership, firstly for young Pacific peoples in New Zealand-Pacific context, then rethinking for young Pacific peoples in a Western context. The second recommendation discusses ways to improve leadership development programs for young Pacific peoples in New Zealand.</p>

Mitochondrial genetic variation and gout in Māori and Pacific people living in Aotearoa New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L Gosling ◽  
James Boocock ◽  
Nicola Dalbeth ◽  
Jennie Harré Hindmarsh ◽  
Lisa K Stamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Read Depth ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Copy Number ◽  
Sample Set

ObjectiveMitochondria have an important role in the induction of the NLRP3 inflammasome response central in gout. The objective was to test whether mitochondrial genetic variation and copy number in New Zealand Māori and Pacific (Polynesian) people in Aotearoa New Zealand associate with susceptibility to gout.Methods437 whole mitochondrial genomes from Māori and Pacific people (predominantly men) from Aotearoa New Zealand (327 people with gout, 110 without gout) were sequenced. Mitochondrial DNA copy number variation was determined by assessing relative read depth using data produced from whole genome sequencing (32 cases, 43 controls) and targeted resequencing of urate loci (151 cases, 222 controls). Quantitative PCR was undertaken for replication of copy number findings in an extended sample set of 1159 Māori and Pacific men and women (612 cases, 547 controls).ResultsThere was relatively little mitochondrial genetic diversity, with around 96% of those sequenced in this study belonging to the B4a1a and derived sublineages. A B haplogroup heteroplasmy in hypervariable region I was found to associate with a higher risk of gout among the mitochondrial sequenced sample set (position 16181: OR=1.57, P=0.001). Increased copies of mitochondrial DNA were found to protect against gout risk with the effect being consistent when using hyperuricaemic controls across each of the three independent sample sets (OR=0.89, P=0.007; OR=0.90, P=0.002; OR=0.76, P=0.03). Paradoxically, an increase of mitochondrial DNA also associated with an increase in gout flare frequency in people with gout in the two larger sample sets used for the copy number analysis (β=0.003, P=7.1×10–7; β=0.08, P=1.2×10–4).ConclusionAssociation of reduced copy number with gout in hyperuricaemia was replicated over three Polynesian sample sets. Our data are consistent with emerging research showing that mitochondria are important for the colocalisation of the NLRP3 and ASC inflammasome subunits, a process essential for the generation of interleukin-1β in gout.

scholarly journals Covid-19 outbreak reflects inequities in health and socioeconomic disadvantage in Aotearoa/New Zealand and the Pacific Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 475-476
Author(s):  
Colin Tukuitonga ◽  
Alec Ekeroma
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Timely Reminder

The Covid-19 outbreak in Aotearoa/New Zealand is a timely reminder of the chronic inequities in health and the importance of socioeconomic factors in the origins of the disease. The pandemic has affected mainly indigenous Maori and Pacific people.  There were 5,371 confirmed and probable cases of Covid-19 as at 13 November 2021, of which 2,104 (39%) were in Maori and 1,646 (31%) were in Pacific people.  Furthermore, 228 (70%) of all hospital admissions were Maori and Pacific people

scholarly journals Pacific Women's Stories of Becoming a Nurse in New Zealand: a Radical Hermeneutic Reconstruction of Marginality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Margaret R Southwick
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Nurse Educator ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Multiple Worlds ◽  
Philosophical Underpinning

<p>This thesis examines Pacific women’s experiences of becoming a nurse and their first year of practice post Registration, within the New Zealand context. The participant’s stories of being students and beginning practitioners are inter-woven with my own reflections as a nurse and nurse educator who also claims a Pacific cultural heritage.  To create the space in which our stories can be laid down, the thesis includes a description of the migration and settlement of Pacific peoples in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This description shows how Pacific people have been systematically stigmatised and locked into marginalised positions by mainstream dominant culture.  The thesis deconstructs taken-for-granted and self perpetuating conceptualisations of marginality that currently underpins most theoretical explanations and proposes a reconstructed map of marginality. This deconstructed/reconstructed map of marginality is used as a template through which the experiences of the participants are filtered and interpreted.  Radical Hermeneutics provides a philosophical underpinning for this project that has as one of its objectives the desire to resist reducing complexity to simplistic explanation and superficial solutions. The thesis challenges Nursing to examine its role in reproducing the hegemonic power of dominant culture by applying unexamined cultural normative values that create binary boundaries between ‘them’ and ‘us’. At the same time the thesis challenges Pacific people to move past hegemonically induced states of alienation and learn how to walk in multiple worlds with confidence and power.</p>

scholarly journals Nga Vaka o Kaiga Tapu

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Rachel Enosa ◽  
Fa’amatuainu Tino Pereira ◽  
Seini Taufa ◽  
Gerardine Clifford-Lidstone ◽  
Akesa Filimoehala-Burling
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Serious Crime ◽  
European Students ◽  
The Impact

When broken down by ethnicity, Pacific people are twice as likely to be offenders who have committed a serious crime against a family member; Pacific students are three times as likely as Aotearoa New Zealand European students to report witnessing adults hit children in their homes and five times more likely to die from child abuse or neglect (Pasefika Proud, 2016).Although there is no one single component that can be attributed to family violence, there are three contributing factors that are unique to the experiences of Pacific people inAotearoa New Zealand. These are social and economic inequities, the impact of migration on families, and identity and culture. An underlying concern of identity and culture is the urgent need to understand ethnic-specific perceptions, beliefs and practices with regard to relationships between family members, and the impact of violence on kinship wellbeing.

scholarly journals Vision impairment and differential access to eye health services in Aotearoa New Zealand: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e048215
Author(s):  
Jaymie Tingkham Rogers ◽  
Joanna Black ◽  
Matire Harwood ◽  
Ben Wilkinson ◽  
Iris Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Differential Access

IntroductionIn Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori and Pacific people experience worse health outcomes compared with other New Zealanders. No population-based eye health survey has been conducted, and eye health services do not generate routine monitoring reports, so the extent of eye health inequality is unknown. This information is required to plan equitable eye health services. Here we outline the protocol for a scoping review to report the nature and extent of the evidence reporting vision impairment, and the use of eye health services by ethnicity in New Zealand.Methods and analysisAn information specialist will conduct searches on MEDLINE and Embase, with no limit on publication dates or language. We will search the grey literature via websites of relevant government and service provider agencies. Reference lists of included articles will be screened. Observational studies will be included if they report the prevalence of vision impairment, or any of the main causes (cataract, uncorrected refractive error, macular degeneration, glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy) or report the use of eye health services in New Zealand among people of any age. Two authors will independently review titles, abstracts and full-text articles, and complete data extraction. Overall findings will be summarised using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, with an emphasis on disaggregation by ethnicity where this information is available.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has not been sought as our review will only include published and publicly accessible data. We will publish the review in an open access peer-reviewed journal. We anticipate the findings will be useful to organisations and providers in New Zealand responsible to plan and deliver eye care services, as well as stakeholders in other countries with differential access to eye care.Registration detailsThe protocol has been registered with Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/yw7xb).

scholarly journals What are young Pacific peoples understandings of leadership in Aotearoa New Zealand?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Grace Faletutulu
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Leadership Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Leadership Development Programs ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Leadership Beliefs

<p>This thesis is an exploration of the way leadership is understood by young Pacific peoples. It looks at the possible relationship between leadership and education outcomes for young Pacific peoples. It is located in an interpretative paradigm, and uses qualitative methods and seeks phenomenological date. This is because individuals interpret experiences differently, therefore understanding how these young Pacific people interpret ideas can help answer the thesis question. As Pacific research it foregrounds Pacific concepts such as vā and Pacific methods such as talanoa. These features seek to alignment with the community participating in the study. The findings suggest that young Pacific peoples understand leadership as a negotiation between Pacific and Western ideas. This negotiation is performed contextually. However, young Pacific peoples are also redefining leadership for themselves and a way they are doing this is by combining their Pacific and Western understandings of leadership. From the research there were three implications found for young Pacific peoples. Firstly, too much focus on culture can become a problem. Secondly, the different contexts that young Pacific peoples are being raised in influences their leadership beliefs, especially compared to the older generation. Lastly, young Pacific peoples need to receive recognition for their ability to negotiate ideas between the Pacific and Western worlds. Therefore, recommendations for future research come under two main categories environment. This is focused on rethinking leadership, firstly for young Pacific peoples in New Zealand-Pacific context, then rethinking for young Pacific peoples in a Western context. The second recommendation discusses ways to improve leadership development programs for young Pacific peoples in New Zealand.</p>

scholarly journals Design and implementation of a Pacific intervention to increase uptake of urate-lowering therapy for gout: a study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malakai Ofanoa ◽  
Samuela Malakai Ofanoa ◽  
Maryann Heather ◽  
Siobhan Tu’akoi ◽  
Hinamaha Lutui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Health

Abstract Background Gout is a painful chronic disease which disrupts work and family life and can lead to chronic joint damage. Pacific people in Aotearoa/New Zealand experience significant inequities, with over three times the gout prevalence of the non-Pacific non-Māori populations. Pacific people receive less regular urate-lowering drugs to prevent gout flare-ups, and have nine times the hospitalisation from gout compared with non-Pacific non-Māori people. Rates for Indigenous Māori lie between Pacific and non-Pacific non-Māori. A long-established Collective comprising community members from the Pacific People’s Health Advisory Group, clinical staff from the Pacific Practice-Based Research Network, and University of Auckland researchers have identified that improving Pacific urate-lowering therapy use as the research question of prime importance for improved health outcomes of Pacific people in South Auckland. Building on the existing knowledge, this study aims to develop, implement and evaluate a novel innovative intervention to improve the uptake of urate-lowering therapy by Pacific patients with gout. Methods Three-phase mixed methods co-design study using the Fa’afaletui research framework following the STROBE statement. Phase1 is observational times series of prevalence of patients with gout, proportion with urate blood-level monitoring and use of urate-lowering medication over past 5 years. In Phase 2 the Collective will workshop new interventions to address previous uptake barriers, using culturally-appropriate Talanga communications with results synthesised in line with Kakala principles. The designed intervention will be implemented and process and outcome evaluations conducted. Finally, an implementation framework will be produced to facilitate further roll-out. Discussion The study aims to enhance health and reduce inequities for Pacific people, contribute to creation of Pacific health knowledge and translation of research findings into Pacific health gains. Potential longer-term impact is a gout-management pathway for use throughout Aotearoa/New Zealand. Māori have similar issues with high gout prevalence and low urate-lowering therapy use hence the intervention is likely to translate to Māori healthcare. The project will contribute to Pacific research capacity and capability-building as well as general upskilling of community and practice members involved in the co-design processes. Trial registration The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry is in process, request number 38206, 1-09-2021.

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