TEACHING THE TEACHERS—WHAT EDUCATION AND TRAINING NEEDS ARISE AMONG TEACHERS THROUGH THE USE OF SIMULATION IN THE EDUCATION OF EMS PERSONNEL IN THE GERMAN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

Background & PurposeThe professional qualifications of paramedics in the emergency services are not uniform at the federal level across Germany. Federalism leads to a considerable heterogeneity of regional regulations and curricula for training at the state-approved emergency services School. This results in an uneven transfer of knowledge of action skills, scientific findings as well as inconsistent application of appropriate teaching methods. Finally, this culminates in an inconsistent qualification of EMS personnel.To illustrate the needs of teachers in simulation in training and continuing education of EMS personnel.MethodsBased on a systematic literature review and expert interviews on training and further education of non-medical personnel in emergency care simulation was analysed as a teaching method from an educational perspective. For a standardized carrying out of the interviews a unified interview guide was used. The statements of the experts were analysed with the software MAXQDA.ResultsThrough simulation, in conjunction with debriefings an outstanding benefit for the direct learning from mistakes is made possible, both in the whole group as well as in the setting of reality (train where you work). This supports a long-needed culture of errors in emergency service as well as improving patient safety in emergency response. This requires intensive training of the teaching staff in pedagogy and technology. Further research needs were identified for potential fields of application of simulation in the training of EMS personnel.ConclusionsSimulation provides for the training of emergency services personnel, particularly in view of the new profession of emergency paramedics (Notfallsanitäter) and their advanced performance skills extensive opportunities. With the help of simulation abilities and skills as well as inter-professional teamwork can be taught and improved individualized. In fact, simulation contributes to improving patient safety and guideline- based care of emergency patients.

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Operational Stress and PTSD in Emergency Services Personnel - A Documentary Film

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e517292011-426 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Arthur Velakoulis ◽

Tony McHugh ◽

Jane Nursey ◽

Malcom Hopwood

Keyword(s):

Documentary Film ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Operational Stress ◽

Emergency Services Personnel

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TRANSFER OF COMPETENCES (FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE) FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALISTS

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij2802663m ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 663-669

Author(s):

Hristina Milcheva ◽

Pavlina Teneva ◽

Katya Mollova ◽

Albena Andonova

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Medical Laboratory ◽

Teaching Staff ◽

Practical Training ◽

Transfer Of Knowledge ◽

Significant Percentage ◽

Real Application ◽

Theory To Practice ◽

Effective Transfer

Achieving the desired high quality of student education is a major goal and task of the higher medical schools. Training is a very factual process involving not only learning and material facilities, but also teaching staff and motivated students. The main objective in the preparation of healthcare students is the quality practical training that modern higher education has to provide. No less important is the student's opinion on the methods and tools used in their training. For this reason, the younger generation sets its requirements in its formation as a medical specialist. The modern lecturer must skillfully pass on knowledge so that a transfer of competences from theory to practice can be successfully accomplished. The purpose: Establish the students' opinion on the quality of the learning process, allowing an effective transfer of competences from theory to practice. Materials and Methods: The analyzes in this report are from an anonymous questionnaire conducted among 145 students from the Thracian University from the professional field "Health Care" - first, second and third courses specialty "Rehabilitator therapist", "Medical Laboratory assistant", "Geriatric Care" and " Nursing "during the summer semester of the school year 2017/18. MSExcel and StatGrafics were used to process the data. Results and Discussion: To achieve effective training, it is imperative for lectures to maintain a high level of competence and constantly get acquainted with developments in medical science. Students highly appreciate as the most important qualities of the teacher's ability to maintain the interest of students "; "Attitude towards students" and its "competence". A significant percentage of those surveyed believe that the theory, in theory, finds real application in practice. A significant percentage of those surveyed believe that the theory, to practice, finds real application in practice. The transfer of knowledge from theory to practice is a two-way information process between lecturers and students of scientific knowledge and practical skills. Finally, we can point out that the transfer of competence from theory to practice is a process influenced by a number of factors such as: the professional competencies of the academic lecturer and the clinical tutor; better collaboration between the higher medical school and the clinical base; organization of training. Maintaining the interest of the students in acquiring the medical profession is an important prerequisite for their subsequent successful realization.

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A Model for a Statewide Critical Incident Stress (CIS) Debriefing Program for Emergency Services Personnel

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x00037390 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Keith W. Neely ◽

William J. Spitzer

Keyword(s):

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Police Officers ◽

Psychological Functioning ◽

Critical Incident ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Fire Department ◽

Critical Incident Stress ◽

Emergency Services Personnel ◽

Response Team

AbstractPurpose:Emergency services personnel are highly vulnerable to acute and cumulative critical incident stress (CIS) that can manifest as anger, guilt, depression, and impaired decision-making, and, in certain instances, job loss. Interventions designed to identify such distress and restore psychological functioning becomes imperative.Methods:A statewide debriefing team was formed in 1988 through a collaborative effort between an academic department of emergency medicine and a social work department of a teaching hospital, and a metropolitan area fire department and ambulance service. Using an existing CIS debriefing model, 84 pre-screened, mental health professionals and emergency services personnel were provided with 16 hours of training and were grouped into regional teams.Debriefing requests are received through a central number answered by a communicator in a 24-hour communications center located within the emergency department. Debriefings are conducted 48–72 hours after the event for specific types of incidents. Follow-up telephone calls are made by the debriefing team leader two to three weeks following a debriefing. The teams rely on donations to pay for travel and meals.Results:One hundred sixty-eight debriefings were conducted during the first four years. Rural agencies accounted for 116 (69%) requests. During this period, 1,514 individuals were debriefed: 744 (49%) firefighters, 460 (30%) EMTs, and 310 (21%) police officers, dispatchers, and other responders. Deaths of children, extraordinary events, and incidents involving victims known to the responders (35%, 14%, and 14% respectively) were the most common reasons for requesting debriefings. Feedback was received from 48 (28%) of the agencies that requested the debriefing. All of those who responded felt that the debriefing had a beneficial effect on its personnel. Specific individuals identified by agency representatives as having the greatest difficulty were observed to be returned to their pre-incident state.Conclusion:CIS debriefings are judged as beneficial. A statewide response team is an effective way to provide these services at no cost to agencies.

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Safety Performance in Acute Medical Care: A Qualitative, Explorative Study on the Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9111543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1543

Author(s):

Lina Heier ◽

Donia Riouchi ◽

Judith Hammerschmidt ◽

Nikoloz Gambashidze ◽

Andreas Kocks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Improve Patient Safety ◽

Safety Performance ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Performance Skills ◽

Work Environment Factors ◽

Improve Patient

Healthcare professionals need specific safety performance skills in order to maintain and improve patient safety. The purpose of this study is to get a deeper understanding of healthcare professionals’ perspective in acute care on the topic of safety performance. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Healthcare professionals working in nursing were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Using content analyzing, categories were identified which present aspects of safety performance; subcategories were developed deductively. A total of 23 healthcare professionals were interviewed, of which 15 were registered nurses, five were nursing students and three were pedagogical personnel. Nine (39.1%) were <30 years old, 17 (73.9%) were female, and 9 (39.1%) had a leadership function. Results highlight the importance of safety performance as a construct of occupational health rather than of patient safety, and the role of the organization, as well as the self-responsibility of healthcare professionals. Healthcare professionals should be more conscious of their role, have a deeper understanding of the interaction of individual, team, patient, organization and work environment factors.

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Ensuring patient safety: Physical health monitoring in rapid tranquillisation for aggression and violence of adult acute inpatients

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.352 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S170-S171 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Talukdar ◽

M. Ludlam ◽

L. Pout ◽

N.P. Lekka

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Physical Health ◽

Health Monitoring ◽

Improve Patient Safety ◽

Further Education ◽

Local Policy ◽

Nice Guideline ◽

Level Of Consciousness ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Monitoring Protocols

IntroductionIntramuscular (IM) medications used in rapid tranquillisation (RT) to manage violent/aggressive behaviour can cause serious physical side effects including sudden death, therefore comprehensive physical health monitoring is advised.ObjectivesTo assess whether physical health monitoring of patients who received IM medication for RT was completed as per the Aggression/Violence NICE-guideline based local Policy.MethodsAll patients that received IM benzodiazepines or antipsychotics for RT were identified amongst 822 discharges from February 2014 to February 2015. Demographics, diagnoses, non-pharmacological interventions, types/doses of medication, and associated seclusion/restraint episodes were recorded. Notes were examined to determine whether physical health monitoring protocols involving blood pressure, pulse, temperature, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and level of consciousness were followed.ResultsThere were a total of 218 episodes where these medications were used, in which only 19 (8.8%) had any physical observations completed; only one case (0.5%) was completed fully as per the protocol. Of the cases that did not have observations taken, in 12 (5.5%) cases observations were attempted but the patient was too agitated/aggressive. A doctor was contacted in only 53 (24.3%) cases and an ECG was completed in 120 (55%) cases, of which only 11 were completed within 24 hours.ConclusionsThe results show poor compliance (or at least recording) with the guidance, demonstrating the need for further education of nursing and medical staff on the potential dangers of RT and for better physical health monitoring of patients on RT. To improve patient safety, staff training and well-timed recording of physical observations on electronic tablets will commence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Escape into patient safety: bringing human factors to life for medical students

BMJ Open Quality ◽

10.1136/bmjoq-2018-000548 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e000548 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adam Backhouse ◽

Myra Malik

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Medical Students ◽

Human Factors ◽

Game Design ◽

Teaching Method ◽

General Medical Council ◽

Medical Council ◽

After Action Review ◽

Game Elements ◽

Future Work

BackgroundPatient safety is at the core of the General Medical Council (GMC) standards for undergraduate medical education. It is recognised that patient safety and human factors’ education is necessary for doctors to practice safely. Teaching patient safety to medical students is difficult. Institutions must develop expertise and build curricula while students must also be able to see the subject as relevant to future practice. Consequently graduates may lack confidence in this area.MethodWe used gamification (the application of game design principles to education) to create a patient safety simulation for medical students using game elements. Gamification builds motivation and engagement, whilst developing teamwork and communication. We designed an escape room—a team-based game where learners solve a series of clinical and communication-based tasks in order to treat a fictional patient while avoiding ‘clinician error’. This is followed up with an after action review where students reflect on their experience and identify learning points.OutcomeStudents praised the session’s interactivity and rated it highly for gaining new knowledge and skills and for increasing confidence to apply patient safety concepts to future work.ConclusionOur findings are in line with existing evidence demonstrating the success of experiential learning interventions for teaching patient safety to medical students. Where the escape room has potential to add value is the use of game elements to engage learners with the experience being recreated despite its simplicity as a simulation. More thorough evaluation of larger pilots is recommended to continue exploring the effectiveness of escape rooms as a teaching method.

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Physician factors associated with increased risk for complaints in primary care emergency services: a case – control study

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/s12875-020-01272-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Svein Zander Bratland ◽

Valborg Baste ◽

Knut Steen ◽

Esperanza Diaz ◽

Svein Gjelstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

General Practice ◽

Patient Safety ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Medical Training ◽

Organizational Factors ◽

Case Control ◽

Study Patient ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Patient Safety Incidents

Abstract Background Patient safety incidents defined as any unintended or unexpected incident that could have or were judged to have led to patient harm, are reported as relatively common. In this study patient complaints have been used as an indicator to uncover the occurrence of patient safety incidents in primary care emergency units (PCEUs) in Norway. Methods Ten PCEUs in major cities and rural parts of Norway participated. These units cover one third of the Norwegian population. A case-control design was applied. The case was the physician that evoked a complaint. The controls were three randomly chosen physicians from the same PCEU as the physician having evoked the complaint. The following variables regarding the physicians were chosen: gender, citizenship at, and years after authorization as physician, and specialty in general practice. The magnitude of patient contact was defined as the workload at the PCEU. The physicians’ characteristics and workload were extracted from the medical records from the fourteen-day period prior to the consultation that elicited the complaint. The rest of the variables were then obtained from the Norwegian physician position register. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio for complaints both unadjusted and adjusted for the independent variables. The data were analyzed using SPSS (Version25) and STATA. Results A total of 78 cases and 217 controls were included during 18 months (September 1st 2015 till March 1st 2017). The risk of evoking a complaint was significantly higher for physicians without specialty in general practice, and lower for those with medium low and medium high workload compared to physicians with no duty during the fourteen-day period prior to the index consultation. The limited strength of the study did not make it possible to assess any correlation between workload and the other variables (physician’s gender, seniority and citizenship at time of authorization). Conclusions Continuous medical training and achieving the specialty in general practice were decisively associated with a reduced risk for complaints in primary care emergency services. Future research should focus on elements promoting quality of care such as continuing education, duty rosters and other structural and organizational factors.

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Experimental Document Design: Guidebook Organization and Index Formats

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181380024001125 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 480-483

Author(s):

Bruce W. Hamill

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Document Design ◽

Error Analyses ◽

Emergency Services Personnel

An experiment was conducted to determine the best way to format a guidebook to be used by emergency services personnel. Converging results of time and error analyses of the experimental data favor particular formats for numerical and alphabetical indices and a particular organization for sections of the guidebook.

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