scholarly journals One year after head injury a substantial proportion of patients showed neuropsychiatric symptoms

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
K. O'Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Motorcycle Related Injuries among Rural Dwellers in Irrua, Nigeria: Characteristics and Correlates

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Dongo ◽  
E. B. Kesieme ◽  
A. Eighemherio ◽  
O. Nwokike ◽  
E. Esezobor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
One Year ◽  
Motorcycle Injuries ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
Crash Helmet

Background. The escalating use of motorcycle for commercial transportation of commuters and goods has resulted in an increase in morbidity and mortality from road traffic injuries.Objectives. To study the characteristics of motorcycle injuries seen in Irrua, Nigeria.Materials and Methods. This is a one-year prospective study of all patients seen from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009. A structured proforma was filled for all consecutive crash victims involving a motorcycle.Results. Motorcycle injuries accounted for 11.6% of attendance in surgical emergency room (142 out of 1,214); 76.8% were males. Amongst victims 47.1% were riders, 42.9%, passengers, and 7.8% pedestrians. Extremity injury accounted for 42.2% while head injury occurred in 21.8%. There were 9 deaths (6.3%). In this study no victim used crash helmet.Conclusion. Banning of motorcycle for commercial use and the introduction of tricycles into rural/suburban comminutes may be an important preventive strategy.

scholarly journals Exacerbation of Pre-existing Epilepsy by Mild Head Injury: a Five Patient Series

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Tai ◽  
D.W. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Mild Head Injury ◽  
Primary Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
One Year ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Objective:While the risk of developing seizures following a mild head injury has been reported and is thought to be low, the effect of mild head injury on patients with a pre-existing seizure disorder has not been reported. We present a series of cases where a strong temporal relationship between mild head injury and worsening of seizure frequency was observed.Methods:Five cases were identified and reviewed in detail. Information was derived from clinic and hospital charts with attention to the degree of injury, pre- and postinjury seizure patterns and frequency.Results:One patient has primary generalized epilepsy and four have localization related epilepsy. Prior to the head injury, three of the patients were seizure free (range: two to 24 years). The patients suffered from mild head injuries with no or transient loss of consciousness and no focal neurological deficits. In all cases, the patients experienced a worsening of seizure control within days of the injury. In one case, the patient's seizure pattern returned to baseline one year after the accident, while in the remaining four cases, the patients continue to have medically refractory seizures.Conclusion:A close temporal relationship between mild head injury and a worsening of seizure control was observed in five patients with epilepsy. Although further study is required, this observation suggests that a head injury that would be considered benign in the general population can have serious consequences such as recurrence of seizures and medical intractability in patients with epilepsy.

scholarly journals Imaging of Neuroinflammation Due to Repetitive Head Injury in Currently Active Kickboxers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles N. Stormezand ◽  
Janine Doorduin ◽  
Sandra E. Rakers ◽  
Joke M. Spikman ◽  
Joukje van der Naalt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Translocator Protein ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Contact Sports

Abstract PURPOSEChronic traumatic encephalopathy refers to a neurodegenerative disease resulting from repetitive head injury of participants in contact sports. Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation is thought to play a role in the onset and progression of the disease. Limited knowledge is regarding the neuroinflammatory consequences of repetitive head injury in currently active contact sports athletes. PET imaging of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) allows quantification of microglial activation in vivo, a marker of neuroinflammation. METHODS11 rank A kickboxers and 11 age matched controls underwent TSPO PET using [11C]-PK11195, anatomical MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and neuropsychological testing. Relevant imaging parameters were derived an correlated with the outcomes on the neuropsychological testing.RESULTSOn a group level, no statistically significant differences were detected in non displacable binding potential (BPND) using PET. DTI parameters did not differ between groups. Individually, 3 kick boxers showed increased BPND’s in widespread regions of the brain without a correlation with other modalities.CONCLUSIONDespite negative results on a group level, individual results suggest that neuroinflammation may be present as a consequence of repetitive head injury in active kickboxers. Future studies using a longitudinal design may determine whether the observed TSPO upregulation is related to the future development of neuropsychiatric symptoms.

scholarly journals Sleep, Activity, and Well-Being In Persons With Dementia: Findings From the Healthy Patterns Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 546-546
Author(s):  
Nancy Hodgson ◽  
Darina Petrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Wake Patterns ◽  
One Year

Abstract Irregular sleep-wake patterns are common in persons living with dementia (PLWD), pose a great burden to caregivers, and are the principal causes of distress and institutionalization of PLWD. A growing body of research supports the importance of activity-based interventions to reduce the frequency and intensity of sleep wake disruption, reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms, and improve quality of life. To date, there are no studies linking sleep disruption and well-being with the nature and timing of activity. This session focuses on lessons learned from the Healthy Patterns Study - a randomized trial of a home-based activity intervention in 200 dyads of PLWD and their caregivers (NCT03682185). Session 1 focuses on the main findings from the clinical trial. Session 2 focuses on the cultural adaptation of the timed activity protocol to improve quality of life (QOL), improve sleep and reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms in older Latinos Session 3 describes the community outreach efforts used over a one-year period to recruit a diverse sample of PLWD and their caregivers for the Healthy Patterns trial. Session 4 examine the relationship between caregiver mastery and neuropsychiatric symptoms in PLWD. Together these findings highlight the complex role of sleep and wake activity in promoting well-being in persons with dementia.

Pathological Correlations of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Institutionalized People with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1731-1741
Author(s):  
Ester Esteban de Antonio ◽  
Jorge López-Álvarez ◽  
Alberto Rábano ◽  
Luis Agüera-Ortiz ◽  
Antonio Sánchez-Soblechero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Pathological Diagnosis ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Lewy Body Pathology ◽  
One Year ◽  
Argyrophilic Grains

Background: Comprehensive clinicopathological studies of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia are lacking. Objective: To describe the pathological correlations of NPS in a sample of institutionalized people with dementia. Methods: We studied 59 people who were consecutively admitted to a nursing home and donated their brain. Correlations between pathological variables and NPS upon admission (n = 59) and at one-year follow-up assessment (n = 46) were explored and confirmed using bivariate and multivariate statistical methods. Results: Mean (SD) age at admission was 83.2 (6.4) years and mean (SD) age at demise was 85.4 (6.6); 73% of the subjects were female and 98% presented advanced dementia. The most frequent etiological diagnosis was Alzheimer’s disease (AD; 74.6% clinical diagnosis, 67.8% pathological diagnosis). The pathological diagnosis of AD was associated with aggression (β est 0.31), depression (β est 0.31), anxiety (β est 0.38), and irritability (β est 0.28). Tau stage correlated with aggressive symptoms (β est 0.32) and anxiety (βest 0.33). Coexistence of AD and Lewy body pathology was associated with depression (β est 0.32), while argyrophilic grains were associated with eating symptoms (β est 0.29). Predictive models were achieved for apathy, including cognitive performance, basal ganglia ischemic lesions, and sex as predictors (R2 0.38) and for sleep disorders, including pathological diagnosis of AD and age at demise (R2 0.18) (all p-values <0.05, unadjusted). Conclusion: AD was the main pathological substrate of NPS in our sample of very elderly people with advanced dementia. However, correlations were mild, supporting a model of focal/asymmetric rather than diffuse brain damage, along with relevance of environmental and other personal factors, in the genesis of those symptoms.

Psychiatric illness one year following head injury

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 262s
Author(s):  
I. Lyons ◽  
C. Koutzoukis ◽  
S. Deb
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
One Year

Benefits of donepezil on cognition, function and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease over one year

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunhild Waldemar ◽  
Bengt Winblad ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Hilkka Soininen ◽  
Frans Verhey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
One Year

HIPSIG: A Basis for Social Adjustment after Head Injury

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Johnson ◽  
Annette Newton
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Social Anxiety ◽  
Injured Patients

Psychosocial adjustment is a major factor in morbidity from severe head injury, but there have been no reported attempts to remedy problems within this area. Detailed examination of 11 severely head-injured patients attending an occupational therapy day centre suggests that high social anxiety, poor social performance and low self-esteem are important contributory factors to the poor overall social adjustment. Using existing methods from social skills training, the authors tried to remedy those specific problem areas in social interaction. The group results after one year were not statistically significant, but the authors suggest that their approach may be a useful starting point from which occupational therapists can develop similar, more effective rehabilitative programmes.

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