scholarly journals Risk factors of hyperprolactinemia induced by risperidone and olanzapine and their correlations with plasma glucose and lipids

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. e100206
Author(s):  
Sidi He ◽  
Wen Juan Yu ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Number Of Patients

BackgroundHyperprolactinemia is a common adverse reaction in patients with schizophrenia who take antipsychotic drugs; it often leads to treatment non-compliance in patients and has an adverse effect on their prognosis.AimsThis study aimed to explore the risk factors of elevated prolactin (PRL) caused by risperidone (RIS) and olanzapine (OLZ) and the relationship between PRL and fasting plasma glucose and lipids.MethodsPatients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups: 264 patients who were taking RIS and 175 patients who were taking OLZ. These two groups were further divided according to serum PRL levels: an elevated PRL group (>30 ng/mL) and a normal PRL group (PRL ≤30 ng/mL). The demographics, medication dosage, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were compared in the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors of elevated PRL levels.ResultsCompared with the OLZ group, the RIS group had a greater number of patients with elevated PRL (155/264 vs 58/175). Either the RIS or the OLZ group, the proportion of elevated PRL was greater in female patients (RIS: χ2=6.76, p=0.009; OLZ: χ2=12.98, p<0.001) and with higher doses of the related drugs (RIS: U=−3.73, p<0.001; OLZ: U=−2.31, p=0.021). In patients taking RIS, the elevated PRL subgroup took the drug for a longer period (U=−2.76, p=0.006) and had lower triglyceride levels (U=2.76, p=0.006). In patients taking OLZ, the elevated PRL subgroup had lower fasting plasma glucose levels (U=2.29, p=0.022). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, dose and fasting glucose levels were significantly associated with elevated PRL levels (RIS: p=0.001, OLZ: p<0.001; RIS: p<0.001; OLZ: p=0.003; RIS: p=0.020, OLZ: p=0.001, respectively).ConclusionCompared with OLZ, RIS had a greater effect on PRL in patients with schizophrenia, and in patients with schizophrenia taking RIS or OLZ, gender and dose were significantly correlated with the PRL value. Moreover, the plasma glucose level of the group with elevated PRL was lower than that of the group with normal PRL. The results also showed that high serum PRL may be associated with a favourable glucose metabolic profile in patients with schizophrenia taking RIS or OLZ. Further studies are warranted to confirm this association.Trial registration numberNCT02640911

Classical cardiovascular risk factors according to fasting plasma glucose levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Martinez-Hervas ◽  
Pedro Romero ◽  
Enrique B. Hevilla ◽  
José T. Real ◽  
Antonia Priego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Abnormal Glucose Regulation in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older With Normal Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Shuang Shao ◽  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Dongwang Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Regulation ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

AimsAbnormal glucose regulation, which can present as diabetes and prediabetes, has become one of the most common chronic conditions. However, sex differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with abnormal glucose regulation remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore sex differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with abnormal glucose regulation in low-income adults in China aged ≥50 years with normal fasting plasma glucose levels.Materials and MethodsA total of 2,175 individuals aged ≥50 years with normal fasting plasma glucose levels were recruited into this study. After an overnight fast of at least 10 h, individuals underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels were measured to determine the state of glucose regulation.ResultsWomen were more likely than men to have isolated-impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT) overall (24.7% vs 20.8%; P= 0.034), among individuals aged &lt;65 years (21.7% vs 15.9%; P= 0.012). Among men, independent risk factors for i-IGT were an age of ≥65 years, hypertension, and high serum uric acid (SUA) and triglyceride levels; independent risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM) were an age of ≥75 years and alcohol consumption. Among women, independent risk factors for i-IGT were central obesity and high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and SUA; independent risk factors for DM were low education and an elevated white blood cell count.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors (i.e., age, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) associated with high risk of developing DM in men, but poor life style (i.e., obesity) and low education attainment in women. It is necessary for delay or stopping the development of DM among low-income adults in China to implement the personalized scheme of prevention DM between men and women, especially highlight control the risk factors in young and middle aged women.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Microalbuminuric in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Zhengzhou City, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Shen ◽  
Lina Wu ◽  
Xiaojun Ma ◽  
Na Jing ◽  
Xiaoxu Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background: The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is uprising in the paralleled with the increase of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this study was to assess the value of macroalbuminuric of kidney disease in diabetic and/or hypertensive patients and the risk factors associated with microalbuminuric. Methods: A total of 3986 patients diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension aged 40 years and over was investigated by randomized cluster sampling in the Zhengzhou community and 1453 participants were analyzed in this study. The clinical data were investigated, including the urinary albumin–to-creatinine ratio (ACR), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, glycated hemoglobin of HbAlc, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial plasma, and serum creatinine. The ACR was applied to designate albuminuric. The prevalence of macroalbuminuric was calculated and the risk factors associated with macroalbuminuric were evaluated by stepwise logistic regression. Results: These comprised 612 males and 841 females and the mean age of all patients was 60.6±9.3 years. The prevalence of microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric was 12.0%, 1.6%, respectively. The prevalence of microalbuminuric in patients with diabetes, hypertension and both diabetes and hypertension were 8.4%, 9.7% and 17.6%, respectively. In subjects with both diabetes and hypertension, the prevalence of microalbuminuric, macroalbuminuric were significantly higher than those who had diabetes or hypertension only. Logistic regression analysis showed microalbuminuric to be significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.36-2.72; P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02-2.28; P = 0.038), HbA1c (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.64-3.26; P < 0.001). Fasting plasma glucose (OR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.18-2.71; P = 0.006) and hypertension (OR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.64-3.65; P < 0.001) were the main independent factors for microalbuminuric in diabetic patients with hypertension or not. Conclusion: The prevalence of microalbuminuric observed in patients diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension aged over 40 reached up to 12.0% in the Zhengzhou community. Microalbuminuric was strongly associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and HbA1c. Fasting plasma glucose and hypertension were the main independent factors for microalbuminuric in diabetic patients with hypertension or not.

scholarly journals Risk factors for tissue expander infection in scar reconstruction: a retrospective cohort study of 2374 consecutive cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Dong ◽  
Minhui Zhu ◽  
Luguang Huang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Hengxin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Tissue Expansion ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Hematoma Evacuation

Abstract Background Tissue expansion is used for scar reconstruction owing to its excellent clinical outcomes; however, the complications that emerge from tissue expansion hinder repair. Infection is considered a major complication of tissue expansion. This study aimed to analyze the perioperative risk factors for expander infection. Methods A large, retrospective, single-institution observational study was carried out over a 10-year period. The study enrolled consecutive patients who had undergone tissue expansion for scar reconstruction. Demographics, etiological data, expander-related characteristics and postoperative infection were assessed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify risk factors for expander infection. In addition, we conducted a sensitivity analysis for treatment failure caused by infection as an outcome. Results A total of 2374 expanders and 148 cases of expander infection were assessed. Treatment failure caused by infection occurred in 14 expanders. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that disease duration of ≤1 year (odds ratio (OR), 2.07; p &lt; 0.001), larger volume of expander (200–400 ml vs &lt;200 ml; OR, 1.74; p = 0.032; &gt;400 ml vs &lt;200 ml; OR, 1.76; p = 0.049), limb location (OR, 2.22; p = 0.023) and hematoma evacuation (OR, 2.17; p = 0.049) were associated with a high likelihood of expander infection. Disease duration of ≤1 year (OR, 3.88; p = 0.015) and hematoma evacuation (OR, 10.35; p = 0.001) were so related to high risk of treatment failure. Conclusions The rate of expander infection in patients undergoing scar reconstruction was 6.2%. Disease duration of &lt;1 year, expander volume of &gt;200 ml, limb location and postoperative hematoma evacuation were independent risk factors for expander infection.

scholarly journals Annual Disease Experience by Type and Correlations with Unmet Healthcare Needs among ROK Military Personnel

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (7-8) ◽  
pp. e944-e951
Author(s):  
Hwi Jun Kim ◽  
Sarah So Yeon Oh ◽  
Dong Woo Choi ◽  
Sun Yeong Won ◽  
Hae Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Unmet Healthcare Needs ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Disease Experience

Abstract Introduction The National Statistical Yearbook of Defense 2018 issued by the Republic of Korea (ROK) Ministry of National Defense reported that the number of patients using military hospitals steadily increased from 2008 to 2017. However, in the outpatient clinic statistics for years 2015–2017 from the ROK Armed Forces Medical Command, the amount of medical care received from some medical departments, such as the infection medicine, surgery, and anesthesiology departments, decreased. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe the differences in incidence of military personnel’s unmet healthcare needs according to number of diseases by type. Materials and Methods The study used data from the Military Health Survey, which was conducted from 2014 to 2015 and included 5162 responses from ROK military personnel. The number of diseases by type and unmet healthcare needs were self-reported. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the validity of the annual disease experience by type and correlations with unmet healthcare needs. Results Of the 5162 military personnel, 25.2% experienced unmet healthcare needs, and the more people with the number of disease by type, the more likely they were to experience unmet healthcare needs (1: 13.4%, 2: 22.9%, 3: 29.2%, 4: 34.5%, 5: 41.4%). The logistic regression analysis also revealed significant differences (1 = REF, 2 odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50–2.24; 3 OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.05–3.11, 4 OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.49–3.85; ≥5 OR = 3.85, 95% CI = 3.08–4.81). In addition, subgroup analysis showed that female military personnel are more likely to experience unmet healthcare needs than are male military personnel. We have also confirmed that working areas and private insurance can affect unmet healthcare needs. Conclusion This study suggests that unmet healthcare needs are influenced by the number of disease by the type of ROK military personnel. It is therefore necessary to strive to reduce the number of military personnel who experience unmet healthcare needs through this data.

Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma of the Gallbladder Following Cholecystectomies in the Hispanic Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S64-S65
Author(s):  
David Gustafson ◽  
Osvaldo Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis

Abstract Introduction Gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBC) is a rare malignancy. Frequency of incidental adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder in the literature is approximately 0.2% to 3%. Typically, GBC is the most common type and is discovered late, not until significant symptoms develop. Common symptoms include right upper quadrant pain, nausea, anorexia, and jaundice. A number of risk factors in the literature are noted for GBC. These risk factors are also more prevalent in Hispanic populations. This study sought to compare patients with incidental gallbladder adenocarcinomas (IGBC) to those with high preoperative suspicion for GBC. Predictor variables included age, sex, ethnicity, radiologic wall thickening, gross pathology characteristics (wall thickness, stone size, stone number, and tumor size), histologic grade, and staging. Methods Cases of GBC were retrospectively analyzed from 2009 through 2017, yielding 21 cases. Data were collected via Cerner EMR of predictor variables noted above. Statistical analysis utilized conditional logistic regression analysis. Results The majority of patients were female (n = 20) and Hispanic (n = 19). There were 14 IGBCs and 7 nonincidental GBCs. In contrast with previous research, exact conditional logistic regression analysis revealed no statistically significant findings. For every one-unit increase in AJCC TNM staging, there was a nonsignificant 73% reduction in odds (OR = 0.27) of an incidental finding of gallbladder carcinoma. Conclusion This study is important in that it attempts to expand existing literature regarding a rare type of cancer in a unique population, one particularly affected by gallbladder disease. Further studies are needed to increase predictive knowledge of this cancer. Longer studies are needed to examine how predictive power affects patient outcomes. This study reinforces the need for routine pathologic examination of cholecystectomy specimens for cholelithiasis.

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