scholarly journals Are omentectomy and lymphadenectomy necessary in patients with apparently early-stage malignant ovarian germ cell tumors?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beijiao Qin ◽  
Wenyan Xu ◽  
Yanfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Early Stage Disease

ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of omentectomy and lymphadenectomy in the treatment of clinically apparent early-stage malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 245 patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (yolk sac tumor, dysgerminoma, and immature teratoma) and with clinically early-stage disease, who were treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 1, 1970 and December 31, 2017. The survival of patients who underwent either omentectomy or lymphadenectomy, or both (omentectomy/lymphadenectomy group) was compared with that of patients who did not undergo omentectomy or lymphadenectomy (non-omentectomy/lymphadenectomy group).ResultsSixty patients were diagnosed with yolk sac tumor, 74 with dysgerminoma, and 111 with immature teratoma. Of these 245 patients, 216 patients had stage I disease, 28 patients had stage II, and 1 patient had stage IIIA. There were 190 patients who underwent omentectomy and/or lymphadenectomy and 55 patients in the non-omentectomy/lymphadenectomy group, respectively. In the omentectomy/lymphadenectomy group, 112 patients underwent both omentectomy and lymphadenectomy, 71 underwent omentectomy only, and 7 underwent lymphadenectomy only. Two hundred and fourteen of 245 patients (87.3%) received post-operative chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 73 months (range 1–388). The 10-year overall survival rates in the omentectomy/lymphadenectomy group and non-omentectomy/lymphadenectomy groups were 96.8% and 100%, respectively (p=0.340). Multivariate analysis evaluating all potential prognostic factors showed that omentectomy and lymphadenectomy are not prognostic factors for survival.ConclusionsOmentectomy and lymphadenectomy do not appear to improve survival and may be omitted in patients with clinically apparent early-stage malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.

Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor: The Experience of a Regional Cancer Center

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Wang ◽  
Zebiao Ma ◽  
Yanfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Significant Prognostic Factor ◽  
Early Stage Disease

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with ovarian yolk sac tumor and the benefit of omentectomy in patients with clinical early-stage disease.MethodsThe medical records of 66 patients with ovarian yolk sac tumor were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsThere were 37, 8, 14, and 7 patients with stages I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively. Sixty-five patients received surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, and 1 had chemotherapy only. The median follow-up was 78 months. The overall 5-year survival rate was 86.0%. Univariate analysis revealed that stage (P = 0 .022), age (P = 0.001), residual tumor (P = 0.036), and satisfactory α-fetoprotein (AFP) decline (defined as normalization of AFP after the first or second cycles of postsurgery chemotherapy, P = 0.006) were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis revealed that satisfactory AFP decline was an independent significant prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.028). The postoperative pathology showed that only 1 (2.7%) of 37 patients who received omentectomy without gross spread had omentum metastasis microscopically. The 5-year survival rates were 89.2% and 100.0% for stage I-II patients with (36 cases) or without (9 cases) omentectomy, respectively (P > 0.05). Three of the 7 patients with recurrence were successfully salvaged and lived 38.0, 102.6, and 45.2 months after initial diagnosis.ConclusionsPostsurgery satisfactory AFP decline was an independent significant prognostic factor for patient survival. Omentectomy might not be of therapeutic significance for clinical stage I-II patients.

scholarly journals GCT-18. CLINICAL FEATURES OF GERM CELL TUMORS IN CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii331-iii331
Author(s):  
Nayuta Higa
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy

Abstract INTRODUCTION Here, we discuss the presentation, histology, therapy, and outcome of germ cell tumors in children. METHODS Treatment outcome and management was assessed for children diagnosed with germ cell tumors from 2007 to 2017 at Kagoshima University. RESULTS Twenty-six patients (20 boys, 6 girls) with a mean age of 11.5 ± 4.9 years were included in this study. Patient tumor types included: germinoma (n = 19); immature teratoma (n = 3); yolk sac tumor (n = 3); choriocarcinoma (n = 1); embryonal carcinoma (n = 1). The most common patient clinical features were headache and vomiting associated with hydrocephalus. The median follow-up period was 96.5 months. Tumor location was pineal (n=9), bifocal (n=6), suprasellar (n = 5), basal ganglia (n=2), frontal lobe (n=2), and cerebellum (n=2). Surgical procedures included stereotactic biopsy (n=13), endoscopic third ventriculostomy and biopsy (n=8), and tumor decompression (n=5). All patients with germ cell tumors underwent adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy; patients with germinoma or immature teratoma were still alive, while patients with embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, or choriocarcinoma had poor prognosis with a median survival of 16 months. CONCLUSIONS Patients with germinoma had a relatively good prognosis, while patients with embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, or choriocarcinoma had a poor prognosis. A multidisciplinary approach including surgical strategy based on location, appropriate radiation planning, and chemotherapy is needed for effective treatment and improved outcomes.

scholarly journals Mediastinal mixed germ cell tumor: A case report and literature review

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 892-898
Author(s):  
Xianwen Hu ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Jinhua Xia ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Jiong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Mixed Germ Cell Tumor

Abstract Mixed germ cell tumor (MGCT) mainly occurs in young women’s ovaries and men’s testicles and rarely occurs outside the gonad. Fewer than 10 cases of mediastinal MGCT are available in PubMed, Embase, and other databases in English, while mediastinal MGCT with three pathological components, such as yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and embryonal carcinoma, has not been reported previously. A 12-year-old male sought medical attention for chest discomfort and underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan. A large soft tissue mass occupying most of the left thoracic cavity and mediastinum was detected. A CT-guided biopsy was performed, and an MGCT was diagnosed with pathological components, including yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and a small amount of embryonal carcinoma. Due to the large size of the tumor, the patient was treated with an EP regimen (etoposide + cisplatin) and paclitaxel + ifosfamide + cisplatin interstitial chemotherapy. The patient was followed up for 6 months and was alive with the disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the 10th patient with MGCT in the mediastinum. The incidence of mediastinal MGCT is low, but it should still be considered one of the differential diagnoses of isolated pleural fibroma and neurogenic tumors.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Primary Anterior Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor in an Elderly Adult Male

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy G. Nakhla ◽  
Srinath Sundararajan
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Elderly Adult ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors

Mediastinal germ cell tumors are extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCTs) commonly seen in children and young adults. They are more common in men. Clinically they are classified as teratomas, seminomas, and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Primary mediastinal yolk sac neoplasm is an extremely rare tumor. We present here a very rare case of primary yolk sac tumor of the anterior mediastinum in a 73-year-old male. Mediastinal germ cell tumors have a worse prognosis than gonadal germ cell tumors. Chemotherapy followed by adjuvant surgery improves overall response in EGGCTs. However, comorbidities can render treatment with chemotherapy and surgery challenging in elderly patients.

scholarly journals GCT-30. TREATMENT OF PRIMARY INTRACRANIAL GERM CELL TUMORS: SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE OF 74 CASES WITHOUT HISTOLOGICAL CONFIRMATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii334-iii334
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Guo ◽  
Qunying Yang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yonggao Mou ◽  
Zhongping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Chemotherapy Group ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Histological Confirmation

Abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (PIGCTs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors. It is very difficult to treat those patients without pathological diagnosis. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and outcomes of patients with clinically diagnosed (without histologically confirmed) PIGCTs in SunYat-sen University Cancer Center. METHODS Patients who were clinically diagnosed as PIGCTs without histological diagnosis through surgical resection or biopsy were included in this study. Patients were analyzed for clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, outcomes and adverse effects. RESULTS From May 2002 to July 2014, 74 patients clinically diagnosed with PIGCTs received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. The median age was 16.5 years old (4–45 years old, majority was teenagers). The most of tumors were found in male, and located in the pineal and suprasellar regions. When the patients were grouped into diagnostic chemotherapy group (57 cases), diagnostic radiotherapy group (5 cases) and gamma knife radiosurgery group (12 cases) based on their initial anti-tumor therapy. The 5-year survival rates were 84.3%, 75.0% and 75.0%, respectively. There was a trend that the chemotherapy group got a better survival. Patients were allocated to secretory tumor group (49 cases) and non-secretory tumor group (25 cases) based on their levels of tumor makers (α-FP and β-hCG). The 5- year survival rates were 80% and 77.8% (P value = 0.966), respectively. CONCLUSION Clinical diagnosed PIGCT (without histological confirmation) patients may obtain good responses when receiving comprehensive treatments of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor: A Case Report with Review Of Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
A Sreehari ◽  
BM Rupakala
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Dysgerminoma

ABSTRACT A total of 3 to 5% of all ovarian malignancies include malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs). They are subdivided into germinomatous and non-germinomatous tumors. Common types of non-germinomatous tumors include yolk sac and immature teratoma. Ovarian yolk sac tumors (YST) are the second most frequent histological subtype of MOGCTs, after ovarian dysgerminoma. They account for 20% of MOGCTs and are frequent especially in childhood and in early adulthood. We report the case of a yolk sac tumor of the ovary in a 13yrs years old female. How to cite this article Sreehari A, Rupakala BM, Sarojamma C. Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor: A Case Report with Review of Literature. J Med Sci 2016;2(1):15-17.

scholarly journals Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors: An Experience of 7 Years in a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
SM Rashed Zahangir Kabir ◽  
Md Waheed Akhtar ◽  
Farida Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Childhood Malignancies

Introduction: Germ cell tumors are a group of tumors with different clinical presentation and histological and biological characteristics. Malignant germ cell tumors occur at all ages with a trend of bimodal distribution in infancy and adolescence. Objective: To evaluate the demographic characteristics, distribution of different types of germ cell tumor, treatment modalities and outcome of germ cell tumor in children in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Methods: In this retrospective study, data regarding age and sex distribution, location, types of tumors, management of germ cell tumor in children were retrieved from the medical records of pediatric oncology department in NICRH, Dhaka from 2008 to 2014. Results: Out of total 87 patients female were 50 and male 37. Most of the patients were up to 5 years of age. The gonadal germ cell tumors (80%) were more than extragonadal tumor (20%) in both male and female patients. The most common germ cell tumor was dysgerminoma (32%) followed by yolk sac tumor (29.8%) and teratoma (19.5%). Yolk Sac Tumor (51.4%) was the most common in male and dysgerminoma (56%) the commonest in female. Out of 87, seventy two (82.7%) received chemotherapy following surgery. Among those 72 patients who received chemotherapy 49 (68 %) patients completed their treatment. Until the last follow up 71.4% patients remained alive and tumor free. Conclusion: Germ cell tumors are the most variable tumor of all childhood malignancies that has difference in age, sex, location and histological subtypes. Gonadal tumors have better prognosis than extragonadal tumors in both the sex. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 119-122

scholarly journals Is Omentectomy Mandatory Among Early Stage (I, II) Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor Patients? A Retrospective Study of 223 Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1373-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyan Xu ◽  
Yanfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Initial Surgery

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate whether omentectomy (OMT) is necessary in the operation for apparently early stage malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs).Methods and MaterialsSearching medical records database of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1, 1966, to November 30, 2015, patients with MOGCTs were identified and their age, year of diagnosis, tumor grade, histologic subtype, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, nodal findings, gross observation of omentum, and performance of OMT were assessed. Overall survivals of patients with or without OMT were compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.ResultsA total of 223 MOGCT cases with clinically early stage (stage I and II) disease and with the 3 common histological subtypes of MOGCT were obtained, which include yolk sac tumor (YST), dysgerminoma (DSG), and immature teratoma (IMT). There were 192 stage I cases and 31 stage II cases. Fifty-four patients were diagnosed with YST, 61 with DSG, and 108 with IMT. Omentectomy was performed as part of the initial surgery in 74.0% patients (165/223) and was omitted in 26.0% patients (58/223). Chemotherapy was administered in 88.3% (197/223) of all patients. The median follow-up was 82.0 months. The 10-year overall survival rates of the patients with and without OMT were 90.5% and 98.1%, respectively (P = 0.156). Regarding different stages or histological subtypes, the 10-year survival rates of the 2 groups were 92.0% versus 97.9% (P = 0.324, stage I), 83.2% versus 100% (P = 0.351, stage II), 89.2% versus 100% (P = 0.303, YST), 94.1% versus 100% (P = 0.470, DSG), and 89.4% versus 96.0% (P = 0.405, IMT), respectively.ConclusionsIn conclusion, OMT in patients with clinically early stage MOGCT may not improve patient survival and may be omitted.

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