PP29 Number of lifestyle risk factors is associated with increased risk of hospital admission among community-dwelling older people: the hertfordshire cohort study

Aims: It is important to identify characteristics of people who may be most at risk of COVID19 to inform policy and intervention. Little is known about the impact of unhealthy lifestyles including smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, and excessive alcohol intake. We conducted the first large scale general population study on lifestyle risk factors for COVID19. Methods: Prospective cohort study with national registry linkage to hospitalisation for COVID19. Participants were 387,109 men and women (56.4, SD 8.8 yr; 55.1% women) residing in England from UK Biobank study. Physical activity, smoking, and alcohol intake, were assessed by questionnaire at baseline (2006 to 2010). Body mass index, from measured height and weight, was used as an indicator of overall obesity. Outcome was cases of COVID19 serious enough to warrant a hospital admission from 16 March 2020 to 26 April 2020. Results: There were 760 COVID19 cases. After adjustment for age, sex and mutually for each lifestyle factor, physical inactivity (Relative risk, 1.32, 95% confidence interval, 1.10, 1.58), smoking (1.42;1.12, 1.79) and obesity (2.05 ;1.68, 2.49) but not heavy alcohol consumption (1.12; 0.93, 1.35) were all related to COVID19. We also found a dose dependent increase in risk of COVID19 with less favourable lifestyle scores, such that participants in the most adverse category had four fold higher risk (4.41; 2.52, 7.71) compared to people with the most optimal lifestyle. This gradient was little affected after adjustment for a wide range of covariates. Based on UK risk factor prevalence estimates, unhealthy behaviours in combination accounted for up to 51% of the population attributable fraction of severe COVID19. Conclusions and Relevance: Our findings suggest that an unhealthy lifestyle synonymous with an elevated risk of non-communicable disease is also a risk factor for COVID19 hospital admission, accounting for up to half of severe cases. Adopting simple lifestyle changes could lower the risk of severe infection.

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Clustering of Lifestyle Risk Factors and Poor Physical Function in Older Adults: The Hertfordshire Cohort Study

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society ◽

10.1111/jgs.12457 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (10) ◽

pp. 1684-1691 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Siân M. Robinson ◽

Karen A. Jameson ◽

Holly E. Syddall ◽

Elaine M. Dennison ◽

Cyrus Cooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Physical Function ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk ◽

Hertfordshire Cohort Study

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Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18137067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 7067

Author(s):

Esther García-Esquinas ◽

Rosario Ortolá ◽

Iago Gine-Vázquez ◽

José A. Carnicero ◽

Asier Mañas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Housing Conditions ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Lifestyle Risk

We used data from 3041 participants in four cohorts of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Spain collected through a pre-pandemic face-to-face interview and a telephone interview conducted between weeks 7 to 15 after the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown. On average, the confinement was not associated with a deterioration in lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake, diet, or weight), except for a decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time, which reversed with the end of confinement. However, chronic pain worsened, and moderate declines in mental health, that did not seem to reverse after restrictions were lifted, were observed. Males, older adults with greater social isolation or greater feelings of loneliness, those with poorer housing conditions, as well as those with a higher prevalence of chronic morbidities were at increased risk of developing unhealthier lifestyles or mental health declines with confinement. On the other hand, previously having a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and doing more physical activity protected older adults from developing unhealthier lifestyles with confinement. If another lockdown were imposed during this or future pandemics, public health programs should specially address the needs of older individuals with male sex, greater social isolation, sub-optimal housing conditions, and chronic morbidities because of their greater vulnerability to the enacted movement restrictions.

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Frailty Status and All-Cause Mortality in the Community-Dwelling Older People: An Umbrella Review

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1580 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 488-489

Author(s):

A R M Saifuddin Ekram ◽

Joanne Ryan ◽

Carlene Britt ◽

Sara Espinoza ◽

Robyn Woods

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Umbrella Review ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Increased Risk ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Community Dwelling Older People ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Frailty is increasingly recognised for its association with adverse health outcomes including mortality. However, various measures are used to assess frailty, and the strength of association could vary depending on the specific definition used. This umbrella review aimed to map which frailty scale could best predict the relationship between frailty and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people. According to the PRISMA guidelines, Medline, Embase, EBSCOhost and Web of Science databases were searched to identify eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses which examined the association between frailty and all-cause mortality in the community-dwelling older people. Relevant data were extracted and summarised qualitatively. Methodological quality was assessed by AMSTAR-2 checklist. Five moderate-quality systematic reviews with a total of 374,529 participants were identified. Of these, two examined the frailty phenotype and its derivatives, two examined the cumulative deficit models and the other predominantly included studies assessing frailty with the FRAIL scale. All of the reviews found a significant association between frailty status and all-cause mortality. The magnitude of association varied between individual studies, with no consistent pattern related to the frailty measures that were used. In conclusion, regardless of the measure used to assess frailty status, it is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.

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