scholarly journals 019 Ethnic differences in type 2 diabetes risk markers in children in the UK are not explained by socio-economic status: Child Heart and Health Study in England

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A7-A8
Author(s):  
C. Thomas ◽  
C. Nightingale ◽  
A. Rudnicka ◽  
C. Owen ◽  
N. Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals The contribution of physical fitness to individual and ethnic differences in risk markers for type 2 diabetes in children: The Child Heart and Health Study in England (CHASE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M Nightingale ◽  
Alicja R Rudnicka ◽  
Sarah R Kerry-Barnard ◽  
Angela S Donin ◽  
Soren Brage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Risk Markers

scholarly journals Assessment of diabetes risk in an adult population using Indian diabetic risk score in urban area of Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
S. Jayakiruthiga ◽  
R. Rajkamal ◽  
S. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
R. Umadevi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Background: India has earned the dubious distinction of being the diabetic capital of the world. The majority of people with diabetes (>90%) have Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). While T2DM predominantly affects older individuals in developed countries, in developing nations like India, it affects the younger population in the prime of their working lives and thus poses an even greater threat to the health of these individuals. Objectives of the study were to assess the Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk status of adult population in urban area of Tamil Nadu and to measure the association between sociodemographic factors like age, sex and socio economic status with diabetes risk score.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in Anakaputhur, an urban area in Kanchipuram district of Tamil Nadu in June 2016 among adult population on risk status for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Indian Diabetic Risk Score. The data was entered in MS Excel & analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 20.0 version. Descriptive statistics like proportions were calculated. Chi square test was used to compare the proportions between the groups. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Out of 351 study subjects, only 30 (8.5%)study subjects were not at risk of having diabetes, 119 (33.9%) were at moderate risk and 202 (57.6%) were at higher risk of having Diabetes. Comparing age, gender, socio-economic status with diabetes risk category, we found that age is associated with diabetes risk category and the p – value was highly significant.Conclusions: Majority of the study subjects were at risk of having diabetes, hence screening is of utmost importance so that interventions can be initiated at an early stage. 

scholarly journals Early Emergence of Ethnic Differences in Type 2 Diabetes Precursors in the UK: The Child Heart and Health Study in England (CHASE Study)

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e1000263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Whincup ◽  
Claire M. Nightingale ◽  
Christopher G. Owen ◽  
Alicja R. Rudnicka ◽  
Ian Gibb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Metabolomic signatures of long-term coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Hang ◽  
Oana A. Zeleznik ◽  
Xiaosheng He ◽  
Marta Guasch-Ferre ◽  
Xia Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Prediction Of Diabetes

<b>Objective:</b> Coffee may protect against multiple chronic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes, but the mechanisms remain unclear. <p><b>Research Design and Methods: </b>Leveraging dietary and metabolomic data in two large cohorts of women (the Nurses’ Health Study I and II), we identified and validated plasma metabolites associated with coffee intake in 1595 women. We then evaluated the prospective association of coffee-related metabolites with diabetes risk and the added predictivity of these metabolites for diabetes in two nested case-control studies (n=457 cases and 1371 controls). </p> <p><b>Results: </b>Of 461 metabolites, 34 were identified and validated to be associated with total coffee intake, including 13 positive associations (primarily trigonelline, polyphenol metabolites, and caffeine metabolites) and 21 inverse associations (primarily triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols). These associations were generally consistent for caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, except for caffeine and its metabolites that were only associated with caffeinated coffee intake. The three cholesteryl esters positively associated with coffee intake showed inverse associations with diabetes risk, whereas the 12 metabolites negatively associated with coffee (five diacylglycerols and seven triacylglycerols) showed positive associations with diabetes. Adding the 15 diabetes-associated metabolites to classical risk factors-based prediction model increased the C-statistic from 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.83) to 0.83 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.86) (<i>P</i><0.001). Similar improvement was observed in the validation set.</p> <p><b>Conclusion: </b>Coffee consumption is associated with widespread metabolic changes, among which lipid metabolites may be critical for the anti- diabetes benefit of coffee. Coffee-related metabolites might help improve prediction of diabetes, but further validation studies <a>are </a>needed.</p>

Abstract MP037: Plasma Organochlorine Concentration and Risk of Diabetes: the Nurses' Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Wu ◽  
Kimberly A Bertrand ◽  
Anna L Choi ◽  
Frank B Hu ◽  
Francine Laden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Animal experiments have suggested that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may lead to increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Although recent human studies supported this hypothesis, evidence from prospective investigations is sparse. Objective: To examine the associations of plasma POP concentrations with risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a prospective setting among US women. Methods: Study population was comprised of participants from two independent nested case-control studies in the Nurses’ Health Study, in which major polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB 118, 138, 153, and 180), p-p'- dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were measured. A non-parametric approach was used to derive standardized scores for plasma concentrations of lipid-adjusted POPs within each study to minimize between-study variation of the POP measurements. Risk of incident type 2 diabetes during the follow-up period (1990-2008) across the tertiles of the scores was examined. Results: Of 1,120 participants, we identified 48 incident type 2 diabetes cases. After adjusting for covariates assessed at blood draw in 1990, including smoking status, body mass index, and total fish intake, plasma HCB concentration was positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk: odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 2.77 (1.17, 6.55, P for trend =0.022) comparing the highest vs. lowest tertile. Other POPs were not significantly associated with diabetes: the ORs (95% CI) were 1.10 (0.51, 2.34, P for trend =0.81) for p-p'-DDE, 0.93 (0.44, 1.95, P for trend =0.86) for DDT, and 0.88 (0.39, 1.97, P for trend =0.76) for sum of the 4 major PCBs, comparing the extreme tertiles. Conclusion: The significant association of plasma HCB concentration with diabetes risk supports a role of POP exposure in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. More prospective data are warranted to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals The effects of reimbursement reform of antidiabetic medicines from the patients’ perspective – a survey among patients with type 2 diabetes in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taika Suviranta ◽  
Johanna Timonen ◽  
Janne Martikainen ◽  
Emma Aarnio
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Patients Perspective

Abstract Background In Finland, the reimbursement rate for antidiabetic medicines other than insulins was lowered from 100 to 65% at the beginning of 2017. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of this reform experienced by patients with type 2 diabetes. The objective was also to explore if socio-economic status affects this experience. Methods The data were collected by conducting a survey among Finnish adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 603). The baseline survey was conducted in November–December 2016. A second follow-up survey was conducted at the end of 2017 where the participants’ experience of the reimbursement reform was surveyed with an open-ended question. Free-form inductive content analysis was used to categorize the answers. The association between the participants’ characteristics and reporting an effect caused by the reimbursement reform was studied with binomial logistic regression. Results 285 (47.3%) participants reported an effect of some kind caused by the reimbursement reform. The most common reported effects were economic effects (32.7%) and annoyance (12.4%). Having financial difficulties in purchasing antidiabetic medicines (odds ratio (OR) 5.20, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 2.99–9.06) or not having annual deductible exceeded (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.19–3.95), and use of certain antidiabetic medication groups at baseline were associated with reporting an effect. Socio-economic status was not associated with the likelihood of reporting an effect. Conclusions Almost half of the participants with type 2 diabetes reported an effect, most commonly economic effects, such as increased expenditure or difficulty in purchasing medicines, after the reimbursement reform. It is important to study the effects of reimbursement reforms also from the patients’ perspective.

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