scholarly journals Guillain-Barré syndrome in SARS-CoV-2 infection: an instant systematic review of the first six months of pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1105-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Uncini ◽  
Jean-Michel Vallat ◽  
Bart C Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Sensory Disturbances ◽  
Guillain Barré

A systematic review from 1 January to 30 June 2020 revealed 42 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Single cases and small series were reported from 13 countries, the majority from Europe (79.4%) and especially from Italy (30.9%). SARS-CoV-2 infection was demonstrated by nasopharyngeal swab (85.7%) and serology (14.3%). Median time between COVID-19 and GBS onset in 36 patients was 11.5 days (IQR: 7.7–16). The most common clinical features were: limb weakness (76.2%), hypoareflexia (80.9 %), sensory disturbances (66.7 %) and facial palsy (38.1%). Dysautonomia occurred in 19%, respiratory failure in 33.3% and 40.5% of patients were admitted in intensive care unit. Most patients (71.4%) had the classical clinical presentation but virtually all GBS variants and subtypes were reported. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albumin-cytological dissociation was found in 28/36 (77.8%) and PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative in 25/25 patients. Electrodiagnosis was demyelinating in 80.5% and levels 1 and 2 of Brighton criteria of diagnostic certainty, when applicable, were fulfilled in 94.5% patients. Antiganglioside antibodies were positive in only 1/22 patients. Treatments were intravenous immunoglobulin and/or plasma exchange (92.8%) with, at short-time follow-up, definite improvement or recovery in 62.1% of patients. One patient died. In conclusion, the most frequent phenotype of GBS in SARS-CoV-2 infection is the classical sensorimotor demyelinating GBS responding to the usual treatments. The time interval between infectious and neuropathic symptoms, absence of CSF pleocytosis and negative PCR support a postinfectious mechanism. The abundance of reports suggests a pathogenic link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and GBS but a case-control study is greatly needed.

scholarly journals Case Report: Abnormal ECG and Pantalgia in a Patient With Guillain–Barré Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangqi Cao ◽  
Manyun Tang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xin Yue ◽  
Guogang Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Left Anterior Descending Artery ◽  
Wave Inversion ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Sensory Disturbances ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background: Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated disorder in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) characterized by symmetrical limb weakness, sensory disturbances, and clinically absent or decreased reflexes. Pantalgia and dysautonomia, including cardiovascular abnormalities, are common findings in the spectrum of GBS. It is usually challenging to distinguish GBS-related electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormities and chest pain from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with GBS due to the similar clinical symptom and ECG characteristics. Here, we present a case of GBS complicating ACS.Case Summary: A 37-year-old woman with a 2-month history of GBS presented to the emergency department due to pantalgia. The ECG showed a pattern of transitional T-wave inversion in the leads I, aVL, and V2 through V4 and shortly returned to normal, which appeared several times in a short time, but lab testing was unremarkable. Then, a further coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed the presence of critical stenosis of the left anterior descending artery, leading to the diagnosis of ACS. During the follow-up, she suffered from a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and accepted revascularization of the left anterior descending artery in the second week after discharge.Conclusion: Guillain–Barré syndrome could accompany chest pain and abnormalities on ECG. Meanwhile, it is essential to bear in mind that “GBS-related ECG abnormalities and chest pain” is a diagnosis of exclusion that can only be considered after excluding coronary artery disease, especially when concomitant chest pain, despite being a common presentation of pantalgia, occurs.

scholarly journals Association of Guillain-Barre syndrome with COVID-19 infection: An updated systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 577577
Author(s):  
Abu Baker Sheikh ◽  
Prabal Kumar Chourasia ◽  
Nismat Javed ◽  
Mehul Kumar Chourasia ◽  
Sajid S. Suriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

scholarly journals Zika Virus Infection as a Cause of Congenital Brain Abnormalities and Guillain–Barré Syndrome: Systematic Review

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e1002203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Krauer ◽  
Maurane Riesen ◽  
Ludovic Reveiz ◽  
Olufemi T. Oladapo ◽  
Ruth Martínez-Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

scholarly journals Guillain –Barrè Syndrome following Hepatitis E

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Poly Sengupta ◽  
Rama Biswas ◽  
Hasan Shahrear Ahmed ◽  
Kaniz Fatema
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Upper Abdominal

Guillain- Barrè Syndrome is characterized by acute progressive symmetric limb weakness and areflexia. A 32 year old female presented with progressive ascending areflexic muscular weakness and bilateral lower motor neuron type of facial palsy. She had anorexia, nausea and upper abdominal pain for 2 weeks. The findings of motor nerve conduction study are consistent with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. She had elevated liver enzyme and positive immunoglobulin M antibody against hepatitis E in blood. Based on clinical features, laboratory findings and electrophysiological study, she was diagnosed as Guillain- Barrè Syndrome following hepatitis E. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and recovered fully. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bccj.v2i1.19973 Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2014; 2 (1): 48-49

scholarly journals Patients’ experiences and perceptions of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245826
Author(s):  
Despina Laparidou ◽  
Ffion Curtis ◽  
Joseph Akanuwe ◽  
Jennifer Jackson ◽  
Timothy L. Hodgson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Full Text Screening

Background Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy, with an incidence of 1-2/100,000 per year. Its severity is variable, ranging from very mild cases with brief weakness to severe paralysis, leading to inability to breathe independently, or even death. Currently there is limited evidence exploring the experiences of GBS patients. The aim of this study was to review patients’ experiences and perceptions of GBS and its variants at diagnosis, discharge and during recovery, by conducting a systematic review and thematic meta-synthesis of qualitative studies of patients’ experiences of GBS (and its variants). Methods We searched twelve electronic databases, supplemented with internet searches and forward and backward citation tracking from the included studies and review articles. Data were synthesised thematically following the Thomas and Harden approach. The CASP Qualitative Checklist was used to assess the quality of the included studies of this review. Results Our search strategy identified a total of 5,282 citations and after removing duplicates and excluding citations based on title and abstract, and full-text screening, five studies were included in the review and meta-synthesis; all included studies were considered of acceptable quality. Through constant discussions and an iterative approach, we developed six analytical themes following a patient’s journey from suspecting that they had a health problem, through to being hospitalised, experiencing ongoing difficulties, slowly recovering from GBS, adjusting to their new circumstances, and re-evaluating their lives. Conclusions Despite the variety of experiences, it was evident from all included studies that being diagnosed with and surviving GBS was a life-changing experience for all participants. Trial registration Protocol was registered (CRD42019122199) on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).

Case Report on Guillain Barre Syndrome: Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 548-550
Author(s):  
Chinnu Roy ◽  
Jobin Kunjumon Vilapurathu ◽  
Dhanya Paul
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Guillain Barré

Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder which affects the peripheral nervous system. It is a rare disorder affects in 1 per million people in year. It is characterized by symmetrical, progressive limb weakness and tingling. Case Report: A 53 year old male patient was presented with insidious onset of difficulty in moving right upper and lower limbs as well as gradual weakness of left limbs, and breathing difficulty, known case of diabetics’ mellitus and hypertension. Nerve conduction study shows suggest axonopathy; Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) is identified, which is a subtype of Guillain Barre Syndrome. Patient gradually develops areflexia, bifacial weakness, and quadriparesis. Patient was treated with IV immunoglobulin and intranasal oxygen therapy. Patient shows slight improvement in his medical condition, shows improvement in the power of lower limbs after one week of therapy. Physiotherapy was suggested. Keywords: Guillain Barre Syndrome, GBS, Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy, AIDP.

scholarly journals Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: From systematic review to living systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Jacques Counotte ◽  
Dianne Egli-Gany ◽  
Maurane Riesen ◽  
Million Abraha ◽  
Teegwendé Valérie Porgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
The Body ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background. The Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas has caused international concern due to neurological sequelae linked to the infection, such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The World Health Organization stated that there is “sufficient evidence to conclude that Zika virus is a cause of congenital abnormalities and is a trigger of GBS”. This conclusion was based on a systematic review of the evidence published until 30.05.2016. Since then, the body of evidence has grown substantially, leading to this update of that systematic review with new evidence published from 30.05.2016 – 18.01.2017, update 1. Methods. We review evidence on the causal link between ZIKV infection and adverse congenital outcomes and the causal link between ZIKV infection and GBS or immune-mediated thrombocytopaenia purpura. We also describe the transition of the review into a living systematic review, a review that is continually updated. Results. Between 30.05.2016 and 18.01.2017, we identified 2413 publications, of which 101 publications were included. The evidence added in this update confirms the conclusion of a causal association between ZIKV and adverse congenital outcomes. New findings expand the evidence base in the dimensions of biological plausibility, strength of association, animal experiments and specificity. For GBS, the body of evidence has grown during the search period for update 1, but only for dimensions that were already populated in the previous version. There is still a limited understanding of the biological pathways that potentially cause the occurrence of autoimmune disease following ZIKV infection. Conclusions. This systematic review confirms previous conclusions that ZIKV is a cause of congenital abnormalities, including microcephaly, and is a trigger of GBS. The transition to living systematic review techniques and methodology provides a proof of concept for the use of these methods to synthesise evidence about an emerging pathogen such as ZIKV.

scholarly journals Concurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome and myositis complicating dengue fever

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e232940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Gulia ◽  
Preeti Dalal ◽  
Monica Gupta ◽  
Daljinderjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Uneventful Recovery ◽  
Motor Neuropathy ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Bilateral Lower Limb ◽  
Guillain Barré

Dengue is an arboviral infection that classically presents with fever, headache, joint pain, skin flush and morbilliform rashes. Neurological manifestations are well recognised but their exact incidence is unknown. Though myalgias are common in dengue virus infection, myositis and/or elevated serum creatine kinase is an uncommon complication. Guillain-Barré syndrome is another rare neurological manifestation associated with dengue fever. Here, we report the case of a 21-year-old man with serologically confirmed dengue fever presenting with severe myalgia, bilateral lower and upper limb weakness with raised creatine kinase, MRI suggestive of myositis and myonecrosis and nerve conduction velocity showing bilateral lower limb and axillary sensory motor neuropathy. He was managed conservatively and made an uneventful recovery.

scholarly journals Two Cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Variants Presenting With Dysautonomia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2329048X1985677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Abdel-Mannan ◽  
Luigi D’Argenzio ◽  
Matthew Pitt ◽  
Felice D’Arco ◽  
Sanjay Bhate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Lower Limb Weakness ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

We describe 2 pediatric cases presenting with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome secondary to autonomic dysfunction preceding the onset of motor symptoms in Guillain-Barré syndrome variants. Patient 1 presented acutely with encephalopathy, cerebellar signs, hypertension, lower limb weakness, and respiratory decompensation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed occipital lesions consistent with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with Miller-Fisher syndrome. After intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis, he improved clinically with radiological resolution. Patient 2 presented with headache, leg pain, seizures, and significant hypertension. Brain MRI was normal but spine MRI revealed enhancement of the cauda equina ventral nerve roots. She was areflexic with lower limb weakness a few days after intensive care unit admission and made a significant improvement after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. In children presenting with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the absent of other causes of primary hypertension, Guillain-Barré syndrome variants are an important differential etiology, presenting with autonomic dysfunction, even before signs of motor weakness become evident.

scholarly journals Guillain-Barré syndrome related to Zika virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical and electrophysiological phenotype

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0008264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja E. Leonhard ◽  
Cristiane C. Bresani-Salvi ◽  
Joanna D. Lyra Batista ◽  
Sergio Cunha ◽  
Bart C. Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré
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