Update on the epidemiology of work-related traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-107005
Author(s):  
Danielle Toccalino ◽  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Vincy Chan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health concern that can occur in a range of contexts. Work-related TBI (wrTBI) is particularly concerning. Despite overall work-related injury claims decreasing, the proportion of claims that are wrTBI have increased, suggesting prevention and support of wrTBI requires ongoing attention.ObjectivesThis review aimed to provide updated information on the burden and risk factors of wrTBI among the working adult population.MethodsMedline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched using a combination of TBI, work, and epidemiology text words and medical subject headings. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for inclusion. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate prevalence and mortality of wrTBI and a narrative synthesis was conducted to provide additional context.ResultsPooled proportions meta-analyses estimate that 17.9% of TBIs were work-related and 6.3% of work-related injuries resulted in TBI, with 3.6% of wrTBI resulting in death. Populations of wrTBI were predominantly male (76.2%) and were 40.4 years of age, on average. The most commonly reported industries for wrTBI were education and training, healthcare and social assistance, construction, manufacturing, and transportation. Falls, being struck by an object or person, motor vehicle collisions, and assaults were the most commonly reported mechanisms of wrTBI.ConclusionsA better understanding of the epidemiology of wrTBI can inform prevention and management strategies. This review highlights existing gaps, including a notable lack of sex or gender stratified data, to direct future investigation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020169642.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Rotterdam Score and Marshall Score in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Contemporary Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mishra ◽  
Harold Enrique Vasquez Ucros ◽  
William Andres Florez-Perdomo ◽  
José Rojas Suarez ◽  
Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Marshall Score ◽  
Ct Classification

AbstractThis article conducts a contemporary comparative review of the medical literature to update and establish evidence as to which framework among Rotterdam and Marshall computed tomography (CT)-based scoring systems predicts traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes better. The scheme followed was following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for literature search. The search started on August 15, 2020 and ended on December 31, 2020. The combination terms used were Medical Subject Headings terms, combination keywords, and specific words used for describing various pathologies of TBI to identify the most relevant article in each database. PICO question to guide the search strategy was: “what is the use of Marshall (I) versus Rotterdam score (C) in TBI patients (P) for mortality risk stratification (O).” The review is based on 46 references which included a full review of 14 articles for adult TBI patients and 6 articles for pediatric TBI articles comparing Rotterdam and Marshall CT scores. The review includes 8,243 patients, of which 2,365 were pediatric and 5,878 were adult TBI patients. Marshall CT classification is not ordinal, is more descriptive, has better inter-rater reliability, and poor performance in a specific group of TBI patients requiring decompressive craniectomy. Rotterdam CT classification is ordinal, has better discriminatory power, and a better description of the dynamics of intracranial changes. The two scoring systems are complimentary. A combination of clinical parameters, severity, ischemic and hemodynamic parameters, and CT scoring system could predict the prognosis of TBI patients with significant accuracy. None of the classifications has good evidence for use in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury in the General Adult Population: A Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Brock Frost ◽  
Thomas J. Farrer ◽  
Mark Primosch ◽  
Dawson W. Hedges
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
General Adult Population

scholarly journals Resuscitation fluid types in sepsis, surgical, and trauma patients: A Systematic review and sequential network meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hua Tseng ◽  
Tzu-Tao Chen ◽  
Mei-Yi Wu ◽  
Ming-Cheng Chan ◽  
Ming-Chieh Shih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Balanced Crystalloids ◽  
Balanced Crystalloid

Abstract Background: Crystalloids and different component colloids, used for volume resuscitation, are sometimes associated with various adverse effects. Clinical trial findings for such fluid types in different patients’ conditions are conflicting. Whether the mortality benefit of balanced crystalloid than saline can be infer from sepsis to other patient group is uncertain, and adverse effect profile is not comprehensive. This study aims to compare the survival benefits and adverse effects of seven fluid types with network meta-analysis in sepsis, surgical, trauma, and traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: Searched databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL) and reference lists of relevant articles occurred from inception until January 2020. Studies on critically ill adults requiring fluid resuscitation were included. Intervention studies reported on balanced crystalloid, saline, iso-oncotic albumin, hyperoncotic albumin, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch (L-HES), high molecular weight HES, and gelatin. Network meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects model to calculate odds ratio (OR) and mean difference. Risk of Bias tool 2.0 was used to assess bias. CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis) web application was used to rate confidence in synthetic evidence. Results: Fifty-eight trials (n=26,351 patients) were identified. Seven fluid types were evaluated. Among patients with sepsis and surgery, balanced crystalloids and albumin achieved better survival, fewer acute kidney injury, and smaller blood transfusion volumes than saline and L-HES. In those with sepsis, balanced crystalloids significantly reduced mortality more than saline (OR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.74 to 0.95) and L-HES (OR, 0.81; 95% CI 0.69 to 0.95) and reduced acute kidney injury more than L-HES (OR, 0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.99). However, they required the greatest resuscitation volume among all fluid types, especially in trauma patients. In patients with traumatic brain injury, saline and L-HES achieved lower mortality than albumin and balanced crystalloids; especially saline was significantly superior to iso-oncotic albumin (OR, 0.55; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.87). Conclusions: Our network meta-analysis found that balanced crystalloids and albumin decreased mortality more than L-HES and saline did in sepsis patients; however, saline or L-HES, is better than iso-oncotic albumin or balanced crystalloids in traumatic brain injury patients.

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term neurocognitive outcomes in paediatric traumatic brain injury

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e035513
Author(s):  
Dawn Shu Hui Looi ◽  
Mark Sen Liang Goh ◽  
Sharon Si Min Goh ◽  
Jia Ling Goh ◽  
Rehena Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Neurocognitive Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionChildren who suffer from traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at risk of permanent brain damage and developmental deficits. Reports on neurodevelopmental outcomes in paediatric TBI suffer from small sample size and varying outcome definitions in the neurocognitive domains tested. This protocol describes a systematic review and meta-analysis of paediatric TBI in the following key neurocognitive domains: executive function, perceptual–motor function, language, learning and memory, social cognition and complex attention.MethodsA comprehensive search comprising studies from Medline, Cochrane, Embase and PsycINFO published from 1988 to 2019 will be conducted. We will include studies on children ≤18 years old who suffer from mild, moderate and severe TBI as determined by the Glasgow Coma Scale that report neurocognitive outcomes in domains predetermined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition criteria. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, case–control, cohort and cross-sectional studies will be included. References from systematic reviews and meta-analyses will be hand-searched for relevant articles. A meta-analysis will be performed and effect sizes will be calculated to summarise the magnitude of change in each neurocognitive domain compared at different timepoints and stratified by severity of TBI. Included studies will be pooled using pooled standardised mean differences with a random effects model to determine an overall effect. In the scenario that we are unable to pool the studies, we will perform a narrative analysis.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this study.The authors of this study will publish and present the findings in a peer-reviewed journal as well as national and international conferences. The results of this study will provide understanding into the association between different severities of paediatric TBI and long-term neurocognitive outcomes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020152680.

Patterns of Nasoorbitalethmoid Fractures in the Pediatric Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 730-732
Author(s):  
Thuy-My T. Le ◽  
Ryan S. Berlin ◽  
Nicholas C. Oleck ◽  
Andrew A. Dobitsch ◽  
Jordan N. Halsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Orbital Fracture ◽  
Facial Fractures ◽  
Frontal Sinus Fracture

There is an absence of literature regarding nasoorbitoethmoid (NOE) facial fractures. Although NOE fractures are uncommon, there are a significant number in the pediatric population. These fractures also often occur in conjunction with other facial fractures because the NOE region adjoins the nose, orbit, maxilla, and cranium. They can also be a harbinger for more serious concerns such as traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage. For this reason, NOE fractures can be highly complicated and a challenge to manage. We aim to define the etiologies and patterns of NOE fractures to guide hospital and surgical management strategies. From 2001 to 2014, 15 pediatric patients were identified as having sustained an NOE fracture. Four (26.7%) of the patients were female and 11 (68.8%) were male. Average age was 11.40. The most common etiologies recorded were motor vehicle accident (n = 8), pedestrian struck (n = 3), and assault (n = 2). Orbital fracture (n = 13), nasal fracture (n = 13), and frontal sinus fracture (n = 10) were the most commonly associated facial fractures sustained alongside NOE fracture. Several patients sustained traumatic brain injury (n = 11) and loss of consciousness (n = 13). The mean Glasgow Coma Score was 10.5. In addition, eight required intubation and five required a surgical airway. Thirteen of the patients were admitted to the ICU and eight required surgical management for their fractures. Titanium plates were most commonly used (n = 4) for surgical management. Alternatively, resorbable implants were used for two patients. The remaining two were treated with closed reduction.

scholarly journals Resuscitation fluid types in sepsis, surgical, and trauma patients: a systematic review and sequential network meta-analyses

Critical Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hua Tseng ◽  
Tzu-Tao Chen ◽  
Mei-Yi Wu ◽  
Ming-Cheng Chan ◽  
Ming-Chieh Shih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Balanced Crystalloids ◽  
Balanced Crystalloid

Abstract Background Crystalloids and different component colloids, used for volume resuscitation, are sometimes associated with various adverse effects. Clinical trial findings for such fluid types in different patients’ conditions are conflicting. Whether the mortality benefit of balanced crystalloid than saline can be inferred from sepsis to other patient group is uncertain, and adverse effect profile is not comprehensive. This study aims to compare the survival benefits and adverse effects of seven fluid types with network meta-analysis in sepsis, surgical, trauma, and traumatic brain injury patients. Methods Searched databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL) and reference lists of relevant articles occurred from inception until January 2020. Studies on critically ill adults requiring fluid resuscitation were included. Intervention studies reported on balanced crystalloid, saline, iso-oncotic albumin, hyperoncotic albumin, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch (L-HES), high molecular weight HES, and gelatin. Network meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects model to calculate odds ratio (OR) and mean difference. Risk of Bias tool 2.0 was used to assess bias. Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) web application was used to rate confidence in synthetic evidence. Results Fifty-eight trials (n = 26,351 patients) were identified. Seven fluid types were evaluated. Among patients with sepsis and surgery, balanced crystalloids and albumin achieved better survival, fewer acute kidney injury, and smaller blood transfusion volumes than saline and L-HES. In those with sepsis, balanced crystalloids significantly reduced mortality more than saline (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.74–0.95) and L-HES (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.69–0.95) and reduced acute kidney injury more than L-HES (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65–0.99). However, they required the greatest resuscitation volume among all fluid types, especially in trauma patients. In patients with traumatic brain injury, saline and L-HES achieved lower mortality than albumin and balanced crystalloids; especially saline was significantly superior to iso-oncotic albumin (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.35–0.87). Conclusions Our network meta-analysis found that balanced crystalloids and albumin decreased mortality more than L-HES and saline in sepsis patients; however, saline or L-HES was better than iso-oncotic albumin or balanced crystalloids in traumatic brain injury patients. Trial registration PROSPERO website, registration number: CRD42018115641).

scholarly journals Resuscitation fluid types in sepsis, surgical, and trauma patients: A Systematic review and sequential network meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hua Tseng ◽  
Tzu-Tao Chen ◽  
Mei-Yi Wu ◽  
Ming-Cheng Chan ◽  
Ming-Chieh Shih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Balanced Crystalloids ◽  
Balanced Crystalloid

Abstract Background: Crystalloids and different component colloids, used for volume resuscitation, are sometimes associated with various adverse effects. Clinical trial findings for such fluid types in different patients’ conditions are conflicting. Whether the mortality benefit of balanced crystalloid than saline can be infer from sepsis to other patient group is uncertain, and adverse effect profile is not comprehensive. This study aims to compare the survival benefits and adverse effects of seven fluid types with network meta-analysis in sepsis, surgical, trauma, and traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: Searched databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL) and reference lists of relevant articles occurred from inception until January 2020. Studies on critically ill adults requiring fluid resuscitation were included. Intervention studies reported on balanced crystalloid, saline, iso-oncotic albumin, hyperoncotic albumin, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch (L-HES), high molecular weight HES, and gelatin. Network meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects model to calculate odds ratio (OR) and mean difference. Risk of Bias tool 2.0 was used to assess bias. CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis) web application was used to rate confidence in synthetic evidence. Results: Fifty-eight trials (n=26,351 patients) were identified. Seven fluid types were evaluated. Among patients with sepsis and surgery, balanced crystalloids and albumin achieved better survival, fewer acute kidney injury, and smaller blood transfusion volumes than saline and L-HES. In those with sepsis, balanced crystalloids significantly reduced mortality more than saline (OR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.74 to 0.95) and L-HES (OR, 0.81; 95% CI 0.69 to 0.95) and reduced acute kidney injury more than L-HES (OR, 0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.99). However, they required the greatest resuscitation volume among all fluid types, especially in trauma patients. In patients with traumatic brain injury, saline and L-HES achieved lower mortality than albumin and balanced crystalloids; especially saline was significantly superior to iso-oncotic albumin (OR, 0.55; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.87).Conclusions: Our network meta-analysis found that balanced crystalloids and albumin decreased mortality more than L-HES and saline in sepsis patients; however, saline or L-HES, was better than iso-oncotic albumin or balanced crystalloids in traumatic brain injury patients.

scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury in Qatar: Age Matters—Insights from a 4-Year Observational Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moamena El-Matbouly ◽  
Ayman El-Menyar ◽  
Hassan Al-Thani ◽  
Mazin Tuma ◽  
Hany El-Hennawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury

Background. Overall traumatic brain injury (TBI) incidence and related death rates vary across different age groups.Objectives. To evaluate the incidence, causes, and outcome of TBI in adolescents and young adult population in Qatar.Method. This was a retrospective review of all TBIs admitted to the trauma center between January 2008 and December 2011. Demographics, mechanism of injury, morbidity, and mortality were analyzed in different age groups.Results. A total of 1665 patients with TBI were admitted; the majority were males (92%) with a mean age of 28 ± 16 years. The common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle crashes and falls from height (51% and 35%, resp.). TBI was incidentally higher in young adults (34%) and middle age group (21%). The most frequent injuries were contusion (40%), subarachnoid (25%), subdural (24%), and epidural hemorrhage (18%). The mortality rate was 11% among TBI patients. Mortality rates were 8% and 12% among adolescents and young adults, respectively. The highest mortality rate was observed in elderly patients (35%). Head AIS, ISS, and age were independent predictors for mortality.Conclusion. Adolescents and adults sustain significant portions of TBI, whereas mortality is much higher in the older group. Public awareness and injury prevention campaigns should target young population.

scholarly journals Resuscitation Fluid Types in Sepsis, Surgical, and Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review and Sequential Network Meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hua Tseng ◽  
Tzu-Tao Chen ◽  
Mei-Yi Wu ◽  
Ming-Cheng Chan ◽  
Ming-Chieh Shih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Balanced Crystalloids ◽  
Balanced Crystalloid

Abstract Background: Crystalloids and different component colloids, used for volume resuscitation, are sometimes associated with serious adverse events (AEs). Clinical trial findings for such fluid types in different patients’ conditions are conflicting. Whether the mortality benefit of balanced crystalloid than saline can be infer from sepsis to other patient group is uncertain, and other AEs is not comprehensive. This study aims to compare the survival benefits and AEs of seven fluid types with network meta-analysis in sepsis, surgical, trauma, and traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: Searched databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL) and reference lists of relevant articles occurred from inception until January 2020. Studies on critically ill adults requiring fluid resuscitation were included. Intervention studies reported on balanced crystalloid, saline, iso-oncotic albumin, hyperoncotic albumin, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch (L-HES), high molecular weight HES, and gelatin. Network meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects model to calculate odds ratio (OR) and mean difference. Risk of Bias tool 2.0 was used to assess bias. CINeMA (Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis) web application was used to rate confidence in synthetic evidence. Results: Fifty-eight trials (n=26,351 patients) were identified. Seven fluid types were evaluated. Among patients with sepsis and surgery, balanced crystalloids and albumin achieved better survival, fewer renal AEs, and smaller blood transfusion volumes than saline and L-HES. In those with sepsis, balanced crystalloids reduced mortality more than saline (OR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.74 to 0.95) and L-HES (OR, 0.81; 95% CI 0.69 to 0.95) and reduced renal AEs more than L-HES (OR, 0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.99). However, they required the largest resuscitation volume among all fluid types, especially in trauma patients. In patients with traumatic brain injury, saline and L-HES achieved lower mortality than albumin and balanced crystalloids; especially saline was superior to iso-oncotic albumin (OR, 0.55; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.87).Conclusions: For sepsis and surgical patients, we recommend balanced crystalloids and albumin, rather than L-HES and saline. For traumatic brain injury patients, we recommend saline or L-HES, rather than iso-oncotic albumin or balanced crystalloids. These findings could guide physicians’ fluid selection.Trial registry: PROSPERO website, registration number: CRD42018115641).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document