scholarly journals Foster care, syndemic health disparities and associations with HIV/STI diagnoses among young adult substance users

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Mance E Buttram ◽  
Maria E Pagano ◽  
Steven P Kurtz
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Substance Users ◽  
Foster Care Alumni ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours ◽  
Care History

ObjectivesFoster care history is associated with many health and social problems, including sexual risk behaviours, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This cross-sectional study compares sexual risk behaviours among a sample of young adult substance users in Miami (N=602) with and without foster care histories.MethodsParticipants completed a comprehensive assessment which included sections on foster care, sexual risk behaviours and related health and social problems. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between foster care history, associated syndemic vulnerabilities and increased likelihood of having a prior HIV/STI diagnosis.ResultsBivariate analyses indicated that foster care alumni were more likely to report a prior HIV/STI diagnosis, higher condomless sex frequencies, being high on alcohol or drugs during sex, sexual victimisation and a history of homelessness compared with other participants in the sample (p<0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed that foster care history, sexual victimisation and group sex participation are associated with a prior HIV/STI diagnosis (p<0.05). Group sex participation doubled the odds of a prior HIV/STI diagnosis for foster care alumni, compared with other participants (p<0.5).ConclusionsThis exploratory study identifies characteristics that distinguish foster care alumni from non-alumni and signals the need to better serve the sexual and related health needs of individuals with foster care histories. Clinicians and healthcare providers should provide foster care alumni with detailed HIV/STI risk reduction information and resources and services to address related syndemic vulnerabilities (eg, victimisation and homelessness).

HIV and syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men attending university in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sexual Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Fan ◽  
Zuyao Yang ◽  
Fengsu Hou ◽  
Maohe Yu ◽  
Zhenzhou Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

Background This study was conducted to summarise the HIV epidemic, sexual behaviours and HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) attending university in China. Methods: Five databases were searched for student MSM information in English and Chinese language publications. Meta-analyses were performed to calculate the pooled prevalence of HIV and syphilis, pooled mean age at first anal intercourse (AFAI) and the rate of other HIV-related behaviours among MSM attending university in China. Univariate meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was measured using Egger’s test. Results: Thirty-three articles representing 31 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled HIV prevalence was 4.1% (95% CI 3.1–5.0%). The estimated AFAI was 18.7 years, but 37.5% of students had their first anal intercourse before 18 years of age. Most (88.2%) had their first sexual intercourse with a male partner. Of the MSM attending university, 4.2% of MSM engaged in commercial sex (either selling or buying sex), 10.3% had ever engaged in group sex, 13.1% had had sex with a female partner in the past month and 10.1% had ever used drugs. Most (77.7%) sought sex partners via geosocial networking gay apps or the Internet, and 42.9% had ever tested for HIV. There was a tendency for an increase in lifetime HIV testing rate from 32% in 2005–07 to 53% in 2014–16. Conclusions: This review found high HIV prevalence, early AFAI and a high prevalence of sexual risk behaviours among MSM attending university in China. Interventions aimed at increasing HIV testing and reducing sexual risk behaviours are urgently needed among this young population.

scholarly journals Sexual risk behaviours associated with unlicensed driving among young adults in Miami’s electronic dance music nightclub scene

Sexual Health ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mance E. Buttram ◽  
Steven P. Kurtz ◽  
Roddia J. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Dance Music ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Electronic Dance Music ◽  
Sexual Risk Reduction ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infection ◽  
Transmissible Infection

Literature indicates that unlicensed driving (UD) offenders report substance use risk behaviours, yet data related to sexual risk behaviours is unknown. This study examined sexual and other risk behaviours among young adults in Miami, Florida, comparing UD and non-UD offenders (n = 498). Compared with others, UD offenders were more likely to report group sex history, being high for sex half the time or more, purchasing sex and sexually transmissible infection history. Results suggest that locating sexual risk reduction interventions inside of the justice system would benefit UD offenders.

scholarly journals HIV, syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Agadir and Marrakesh, Morocco: Table 1

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. iii45-iii48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Grazina Johnston ◽  
Kamal Alami ◽  
M Houssine El Rhilani ◽  
Mehdi Karkouri ◽  
Othoman Mellouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

Unsafe injecting practices, sexual risk behaviours and determinants of HIV among men who inject drugs: Results from Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1066-1075
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Bhavna Sangal ◽  
Shreena Ramanathan ◽  
Savina Ammassari ◽  
Srinivasa Raghavan Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviours

In India, while an overall reduction in HIV is achieved among most key populations, the continued higher prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) is an area of concern. This paper analyses unsafe injecting and sexual risk behaviours in male PWIDs according to HIV status and also examines the determinants of HIV infection in this high-risk group. Data from India’s Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance, conducted across 29 Indian states and Union Territories among 19,902 male PWIDs, were used. Informed consent was obtained and men aged 15 years or more, who used psychotropic substances or drugs in the past three months for non-medical reasons were recruited for the survey. Results from the multivariable analysis suggest that drug use debut at age 25 years or above (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.41, confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.88), engagement in drug use for a longer duration (AOR: 1.81, CI: 1.32–2.48), injecting three times or more per day (AOR: 1.53, CI: 1.1–2.12), sharing of needle/syringes (AOR: 1.34, CI: 1.02–1.76), self-reported sexually transmitted infections (AOR: 1.55, CI: 1.12–2.14) and higher self-risk perception for exposure to HIV (AOR: 2.08, CI: 1.58–2.75) increase the likelihood of HIV infection. Sustained higher prevalence, unsafe injecting and risky sexual practices are major challenges which may prevent India from reaching the ‘end of AIDS’ by 2030. This underscores the need for adoption of a tailored, evidence-driven HIV prevention approach that adequately addresses local needs to limit the spread of HIV within this population, and thereby prevents the onward transmission of HIV to the general population.

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