scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of urethral exposures at last sexual episode associated with non-gonococcal urethritis among STD clinic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C Chambers ◽  
Jennifer L Morgan ◽  
M Sylvan Lowens ◽  
Tashina S Robinson ◽  
Sarah S Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Insertive Anal Intercourse ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
Micro Organisms

ObjectiveAlthough Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) are major causes of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), up to 50% of cases are of unknown aetiology. We sought to identify urethral exposures at last sexual episode associated with NGU and non-CT/non-MG NGU to identify anatomical sites from which aetiologically relevant micro-organisms may be acquired.MethodsWe enrolled STD clinic patients with and without NGU assigned male sex at birth and age ≥16 into a cross-sectional study. NGU was urethral symptoms or visible discharge plus ≥5 polymorphonuclear leucocytes without Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Urine was tested for CT and MG (Aptima). We used logistic regression to estimate the association between urethral exposures at last sex and NGU separately among cisgender men and transgender women who have sex with men (MSM/TGWSM) and cisgender men who have sex with women (MSW).ResultsBetween 8 August 2014 and 1 November 2017, we enrolled 432 patients, including 183 MSM/TGWSM (118 NGU+, 65 NGU−) and 249 MSW (126 NGU+, 123 NGU−). The mean age was 34; 59% were white. CT and MG were detected in 72 (30%) and 49 (20%) NGU+ participants, respectively. Compared with MSM/TGWSM reporting only non-urethral exposures at last sex, those reporting insertive anal intercourse (IAI) only (adjusted OR (AOR)=4.46, 95% CI 1.09 to 18.19) and IAI with insertive oral sex (IOS) (AOR=7.88, 95% CI 2.67 to 23.26) had higher odds of NGU. MSM/TGWSM reporting IOS only had no significant increased odds (AOR=1.67, 95% CI 0.58 to 4.85). Compared with MSW whose only urethral exposure at last sex was vaginal sex (VS), MSW reporting IOS and VS had similar odds of NGU (OR=0.84, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.41). The results were similar for non-CT/non-MG NGU.ConclusionsAmong MSM/TGWSM, IAI may lead to transmission of yet-unidentified rectal micro-organisms that cause non-CT/non-MG NGU, in addition to transmission of known pathogens. Sites of urethral exposure appear less important for understanding NGU risk among MSW due to minimal variation in behaviour.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calas ◽  
N. Zemali ◽  
G. Camuset ◽  
J. Jaubert ◽  
R. Manaquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Recommendations for sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening vary significantly across countries. This study evaluated the prevalence of urogenital and extragenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients visiting a French STI clinic in the Indian Ocean region to determine whether current STI screening practices should be updated. Methods This cross-sectional study examined all patients who visited the STI clinic between 2014 and 2015. Triplex polymerase chain reaction screening for CT, NG, and MG was performed on urine, vaginal, pharyngeal, and anal specimens (FTD Urethritis Basic Kit, Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg). Results Of the 851 patients enrolled in the study, 367 were women (367/851, 43.2%) and 484 were men (484/851, 56.0%). Overall, 826 urogenital specimens (826/851, 97.1%), 606 pharyngeal specimens (606/851, 71.2%), and 127 anal specimens (127/851, 14.9%) were taken from enrolled patients. The prevalence of urogenital CT and MG was high in women ≤25 years (19/186, 10.21%; 5/186, 2.69%) and in men who have sex with women ≤30 years (16/212, 7.54%; 5/212, 2.36%). Among patients with urogenital CT infection, 13.7% (7/51) had urethritis. All patients with urogenital MG infection were asymptomatic. Men who have sex with men had a high prevalence of pharyngeal CT (2/45, 4.44%) and NG (3/44, 6.81%) and a high prevalence of anal CT (2/27, 7.41%), NG (2/27, 7.40%), and MG (1/27, 3.70%). After excluding patients with concomitant urogenital infection, extragenital infections with at least 1 of the 3 pathogens were found in 20 swabs (20/91, 21.9%) taken from 16 patients (16/81, 19.7%), all of them asymptomatic. Conclusions Routine multisite screening for CT, NG, and MG should be performed to mitigate the transmission of STIs in high-risk sexually active populations.

scholarly journals Contextualizing condoms: a cross-sectional study mapping intersections of locations of sexual contact, partner type, and substance use as contexts for sexual risk behavior among MSM in Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Colby Passaro ◽  
Angelica Castañeda-Huaripata ◽  
Williams Gonzales-Saavedra ◽  
Susan Chavez-Gomez ◽  
Eddy R. Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partner Type ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse

Abstract Background Condomless anal intercourse (CAI) appears to be increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) globally, and is reported to be as high as 70% in recent studies in Peru. To improve understanding of the evolving context of CAI among MSM in Peru, we studied associations between partner type, substance use, and condomless anal intercourse (CAI) in locations where MSM commonly report having sexual encounters. Methods In a 2017 cross-sectional study of rectal STI screening and HIV prevention, a convenience sample of MSM recruited from community venues in Lima completed a survey of demographic characteristics and sexual risk behavior with their three most recent partners. Generalized estimating equations estimated correlations of CAI with location of last sexual contact, participant substance use prior to sex, and negotiation of condom use before or during sex. The network data integration application, Cytoscape, mapped intersections of partner type, sexual orientation, substance use, and CAI by four types of locations where sex occurred: 1) Home, 2) Hotel, 3) Sauna or Internet Cabin, and 4) Public Spaces. Results Of 447 MSM (median age 27 years), 76.9% reported CAI with ≥1 of their last three partners. Participants reported sex with casual partners most commonly in homes (64.6%) and hotels (60.4%), and with anonymous partners most often in saunas/Internet cabins (57.5%) and public spaces (52.6%). CAI was less commonly reported in hotels (aPR, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.75–0.97) compared to homes. Participants who used marijuana before sex at home were more likely to report CAI than MSM who did not use marijuana (1.36, 1.01–1.92). Partner alcohol use before sex was associated with CAI in saunas/Internet cabins (3.17, 1.45–6.91) and public spaces (2.65, 1.41–4.98). In the sexual network maps, almost all MSM who used drugs prior to their sexual encounters used drugs with more than one of their last three partners. Conclusions CAI was common and associated with different risk factors, like partner type and substance use, based on location where sex occurred. Novel combination HIV, STI, and substance use prevention interventions must consider how the social environments of MSM influence condom use and other sexual risk behaviors. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03010020, January 4, 2017.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with urethritis in a large public hospital in Brussels, Belgium: An observational, cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0196217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Libois ◽  
Marie Hallin ◽  
Tania Crucitti ◽  
Marc Delforge ◽  
Stéphane De Wit
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cervicitis: limited clinical utility for the detection of Mycoplasma genitalium in a cross-sectional study of women attending a New Zealand sexual health clinic

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Oliphant ◽  
Sunita Azariah
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections

Background Although multiple studies have confirmed Mycoplasma genitalium as a cause of nongonococcal urethritis in men, there is less evidence of its pathogenicity in women. Our aims were to determine the prevalence of M. genitalium in a sample of women attending a sexual health clinic and to assess whether there was any association between the detection of M. genitalium and a diagnosis of cervicitis in this population. Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited women who required screening for sexually transmissible infections. Endocervical swabs to detect the presence of M. genitalium were taken in addition to routine testing for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis. Data were collected on demographics, sexual behaviour, clinical symptoms and the presence of clinical or microscopic cervicitis. Results: The prevalence of M. genitalium was 8.4% (n = 22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.4–12.5%) in the study sample of 261 women. There was an association between the finding of cervical contact bleeding (odds ratio OR): 5.45; 95% CI: 1.93–15.42, P = 0.001) and microscopic cervicitis (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 0.95–7.34, P = 0.06) and the presence of M. genitalium when compared with women with no diagnosed infection; however, the latter finding was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of M. genitalium was high at 8.4%, the overall lack of any association between the findings of cervicitis and the detection of M. genitalium support the conclusion that cervicitis has poor clinical utility as an indicator for the presence of M. genitalium infection.

scholarly journals The prevalence of, and risk factors for, mycoplasma genitalium infection among infertile women in Ibadan: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 613-618
Author(s):  
Tinuade Adesola Ajani ◽  
Timothy A Olusesan Oluwasola ◽  
Mustapha A Ajani ◽  
Rasheed Ajani Bakare ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women

Urinary tract infection in patients with acute non-gonococcal urethritis

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Leung ◽  
Shaw Taylor ◽  
Angela Smith ◽  
Robert Spencer ◽  
Paddy Horner
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Male Patients

In young sexually active male patients, clinical differentiation between non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) and urinary tract infection (UTI) can be difficult. UTI as a cause of NGU has been suggested before, but the prevalence of UTI among acute NGU patients has not been evaluated. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of 156 male patients with clinical features of acute urethritis. The prevalence of UTI among acute NGU patients was 6.4% (CI: 1.5–11.3%). There was a possible association between UTI and NGU but this was not statistically significant. The sensitivity and specificity for combining leucocyte esterase and nitrite tests were 83.3% and 89.8% respectively, with a negative predictive value of 98.8%. We conclude that a mid-stream urine specimen should routinely be collected in patients with symptoms of urethritis. This should be analysed by dipsticks incorporating nitrite and leucocyte esterase tests. Those with a positive dipstick should then be confirmed by culture.

scholarly journals The use of inappropriate anal douching tool associates with increased HIV infection among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Shenyang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xing Chu ◽  
Guangquan Shen ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Rectal douching (RD) is widely practiced by men who have sex with men (MSM), and is associated with increased risk of HIV infection. However, the mechanism of how RD increases the risk of HIV infection is not well understood, and there is limited data on RD behavior in MSM practicing anal sex in China. We examine the purpose of RD, its timing in relation to anal sex, the types of RD products used, and risky sexual behaviors among MSM reporting anal sex. Methods Between August 2017 and December 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted among adult MSM in Shenyang, China. Data were collected on demographics, sexual behaviors, and RD for the most recent sexual intercourse by means of interviewer-administered face-to-face questionnaires. Blood samples were collected to test for antibodies to HIV and syphilis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the risk factors associated with HIV infection. Results A total of 515 eligible MSM participated in this survey (median age: 31 years). During the most recent anal intercourse, 28.3% (146/515) had condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI), 21.4% (110/515) practiced serosorting, and more than half (61.6%, 317/515) reported RD before or after anal sex. Of those practicing RD, 96.8% (307/317) conducted RD before sex, while 62.5% (198/317) conducted RD after sex. The douching devices used were primarily shower hoses (85.3%, 262/307), and relatively few MSM used commercial RD products (8.1%, 25/307) before sex. The prevalence of HIV-1 and syphilis was 11.7% and 13.2%, respectively. HIV infection was positively associated with RD, practicing RD before sex, the interaction between RD and CRAI using a shower hose for RD and other risk factors, practicing RD after sex, CRAI, using nitrite inhalants, main sexual role with males as bottom and syphilis infection. Conclusions RD is popular among Chinese MSM. Improper noncommercial RD tools use (such as shower hose), the interaction effect between RD and CRAI associated with HIV infection. Public health workers and the MSM community should publicize scientific knowledge and prevention approaches relating to RD and HIV transmission to MSM. We recommend that further studies should be conducted to understand the detailed mechanism between RD and increased HIV prevalence.

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