‘Farmer behaviour may affect the actual contribution of badger perturbation to bTB’

Two desiderata in Medieval Studies continue to be rather troublesome because they have not been tackled effectively by many scholars. First, most of us are not familiar with medieval Welsh language and literature; second, we are still rather uncertain about the actual contribution by women to medieval poetry, for instance. But our Welsh colleagues have already determined for quite some time that the late medieval Gwerful Mechain was a powerful voice and offered many intriguing perspectives as a woman, addressing also sexuality in a rather shockingly open manner. She was the daughter of Hywel Fychan from Mechain in Powys in north-east Wales. She lived from ca. 1460 to ca. 1502 and was a contemporary of the major Welsh poets Dafydd Llwyd and Llywelyn ap Gutyn. She might have been Dafydd’s lover and she certainly exchanged poems with Llywelyn. Not untypically for her age, which the present editor and translator Katie Gramich observes with strange surprise, Gwerful combined strongly religious with equally strongly erotic—some would say, pornographic—poetry. Gramich refers, for instance, to the Ambraser Liederbuch, where we can encounter a similar situation, but it seems unlikely that she has any idea what this songbook was, in reality (there are no further explanations, comments, or references to the relevant scholarship). She also mentions Christine de Pizan, who was allegedly “forced to take up the pen” (10), which appears to be a wrong assessment altogether. There is no indication whatsoever that Gramich might be familiar with the rich research on late medieval continental and English women writers, but this does not diminish the value of her translation.

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Some Experimental Discussion of Accuracies in Quantitative Virus Assessment for Water Supply

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1985.0103 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 127-138

Author(s):

Hisashi Sumitomo

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Water Supply ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Lake Biwa ◽

Tap Water ◽

Statistical Procedure ◽

Statistical Nature ◽

The Public ◽

Public Risk ◽

Precise Assessment

Chlorination has been believed to be the best sterilization method in water supply engineering for many years. However, the recent carcinogenic problem of trihalomethanes (THM) formed from organic compounds by chlorination requires us to assess the public health risk of THM. The author tried an assessment of a suitable chlorination technique considering both the effects of THM and viruses on human health, using Lake Biwa as a representative example of a water resource in Japan. Statistical handling of data was revealed to be important because of the statistical nature of the data. In other words, since both concentrations are very low in tap water, we need to quantify both the effects and concentrations with probabilities. In the first part of this paper, a statistical procedure and numerical results of the assessment of virus and THM risks are shown. In the second part some results of accuracies in virus experiments are briefly shown. These experiments concerning statistical problems are particularly important for more precise assessment of the public risk of viruses in tap water.

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Contribution of plant food bioactives in promoting health effects of plant foods: why look at interindividual variability?

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-019-02096-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (S2) ◽

pp. 13-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Christine Morand ◽

Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán

Keyword(s):

Health Effects ◽

Interindividual Variability ◽

Food Sources ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Plant Food ◽

Health It ◽

Plant Foods ◽

Nutritional Needs ◽

Main Determinants ◽

Actual Contribution

Abstract Purpose Research has identified plant-based diets as the most protective for our health; it is now essential to focus on good food associations and the beneficial constituents in plant foods. From a growing body of evidence, some categories of food phytochemicals are increasingly considered to play a crucial role in the cardiometabolic health effects associated with plant food consumption. However, the heterogeneity in responsiveness to plant food bioactive intake that is frequently observed in clinical trials can hinder the identification of the effects of these compounds in specific subpopulations and likely lead to underestimating their actual contribution to the health effects of their food sources. Results The magnitude and the main factors responsible for this between-subject variation in response to the consumption of the major families of food phytochemicals have been poorly documented so far. Thus, research efforts in this area must be developed. More importantly, capturing the interindividual variability in response to plant food bioactive intake, together with identifying the main determinants involved, is a crucial step that will enable the development and production of plant food products, thereby satisfying the nutritional needs and conferring benefits to different categories of populations. Conclusion The development of a science-based personalised nutrition approach focusing on plant foods rich in specific bioactive compounds could contribute to alleviating the dramatic burden of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

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The effect of subjective norm on farmer behaviour in utilizing rice straw as feed in Barru district

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/788/1/012160 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 788 (1) ◽

pp. 012160

Author(s):

S Baba ◽

S Yudu ◽

S Nurlelah

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Subjective Norm ◽

Farmer Behaviour

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Bovine tuberculosis: does badger culling help?

Trends in Microbiology ◽

10.1016/0966-842x(94)90452-9 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

pp. 337 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin Hancox

Keyword(s):

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Badger Culling

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Minimal sampling requirements for a precise assessment of soft-bottom macrobenthic communities, using AMBI

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.jembe.2007.05.026 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 349 (2) ◽

pp. 323-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Iñigo Muxika ◽

Leire Ibaibarriaga ◽

José Ignacio Sáiz ◽

Ángel Borja

Keyword(s):

Soft Bottom ◽

Macrobenthic Communities ◽

Precise Assessment

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Michael Harmel (1915-1974): A South African Communist and His Discourse

10.26686/wgtn.17144345 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Milan Oralek

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Political Identity ◽

African National Congress ◽

Core Beliefs ◽

Literary Interpretation ◽

Nelson Mandela ◽

Private Correspondence ◽

National Congress ◽

Actual Contribution

<p>This thesis explores the life and work of a South African journalist, editor, and activist Michael Alan Harmel (1915–1974), a political mentor and friend of Nelson Mandela. A resolute believer in racial equality and Marxism-Leninism, Harmel devoted his life to fighting, with “the pen” as well as “the sword”, segregation and apartheid, and promoting an alliance of communists with the African National Congress as a stepping stone to socialism in South Africa. Part 1, after tracing his Jewish-Lithuanian and Irish family roots, follows Harmel from his birth to 1940 when, having joined the Communist Party of South Africa, he got married and was elected secretary of the District Committee in Johannesburg. The focus is on factors germane to the formation of his political identity. The narrative section is accompanied by an analytical sketch. This, using tools of close literary interpretation, catalogues Harmel’s core beliefs as they inscribed themselves in his journalism, histories, a sci-fi novel, party memoranda, and private correspondence. The objective is to delineate his ideological outlook, put to the test the assessment of Harmel—undeniably a skilled publicist—as a “creative thinker” and “theorist”, and determine his actual contribution to the liberation discourse.</p>

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Michael Harmel (1915-1974): A South African Communist and His Discourse

10.26686/wgtn.17144345.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Milan Oralek

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Political Identity ◽

African National Congress ◽

Core Beliefs ◽

Literary Interpretation ◽

Nelson Mandela ◽

Private Correspondence ◽

National Congress ◽

Actual Contribution

<p>This thesis explores the life and work of a South African journalist, editor, and activist Michael Alan Harmel (1915–1974), a political mentor and friend of Nelson Mandela. A resolute believer in racial equality and Marxism-Leninism, Harmel devoted his life to fighting, with “the pen” as well as “the sword”, segregation and apartheid, and promoting an alliance of communists with the African National Congress as a stepping stone to socialism in South Africa. Part 1, after tracing his Jewish-Lithuanian and Irish family roots, follows Harmel from his birth to 1940 when, having joined the Communist Party of South Africa, he got married and was elected secretary of the District Committee in Johannesburg. The focus is on factors germane to the formation of his political identity. The narrative section is accompanied by an analytical sketch. This, using tools of close literary interpretation, catalogues Harmel’s core beliefs as they inscribed themselves in his journalism, histories, a sci-fi novel, party memoranda, and private correspondence. The objective is to delineate his ideological outlook, put to the test the assessment of Harmel—undeniably a skilled publicist—as a “creative thinker” and “theorist”, and determine his actual contribution to the liberation discourse.</p>

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Facial Esthetics Classification and Gingival Pigmentation Index of Treatment Needs

RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.26715/rjds.11_1_2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 77-88

Author(s):

Puzhankara Lakshmi ◽

Menon Sai Megha ◽

Suresh Reshma

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Complete Coverage ◽

Facial Esthetics ◽

Comprehensive Classification ◽

Precise Assessment ◽

Classification And Treatment

Background : The Indian population shows an extensive range of gingival pigmentation. A detailed description of the gingival pigmentation pattern would provide data for the formulation of an efficient plan for depigmentation. This article gives a novel comprehensive classification to aid in the precise assessment of the pattern and distribution of gingival pigmentation and decision regarding the methods for depigmentation. Methods : Previously existing, established indices and classifications for degree of pigmentation, facial complexion, smile line, lip colour and their modifications were used to differentiate various categories of Esthetics: Esthetic, Unaesthetic-mild, Unaesthetic-severe. Treatment needs were formulated based on the category of Esthetics. Results : The various categories of esthetics include E (Esthetic), M (Unaesthetic-Mild), N (UnaestheticSevere) and specific treatment modalities have been assigned based on the treatment needs. Discussion : The treatment for gingival pigmentation should be based on overall facial esthetics. The classification given in this article takes into consideration the components of facial esthetics: Facial Pigmentation, Degree and distribution of gingival pigmentation, smile line and lip colour. The treatment plan proposed considers the need for the treatment and the possible treatment for each category of esthetics. Conclusion : The classification proposed in this article attempts a complete coverage of combinations of facial esthetic components and the Treatment Index encompasses all the possible treatment modalities for each combination. Although a learning curve might exist, once mastered, the classification and treatment index would serve as a baseline for determining treatment needs in patients with gingival pigmentation.

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