Pollen morphology of Pacific Northwestern Polemonium species in relation to paleoecology and taxonomy

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (21) ◽  
pp. 2428-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf W. Mathewes
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Close Affinity ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Quaternary Paleoecology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Six morphological types of Polemonium pollen are described, including P. micranthum which is the only taxon considered to be consistently identifiable to species. A key to the pollen types as seen in light microscopy is presented along with light and scanning electron micrographs of each type. The palynological evidence supports the taxonomic treatment of P. uciitiflorum and P. occidentale as subspecies of P. caeruleum, and supports a close affinity between P. pectinatum and P. foliosissimum. Brief summaries of the present-day ecology and distribution of Pacific Northwestern Polemonium species are presented. The application of indicator pollen analysis in Quaternary paleoecology is discussed, with special references to examples of paleoenvironmen-tal inference using Polemonium pollen types.

Three new species of Calliandra in section Monticola (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Elvia Rodrigues Souza ◽  
Adelina Vitória Ferreira Lima ◽  
Luciano Paganucci Queiroz ◽  
Francisco A. Ribeiro Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Three new species of Calliandra section Monticola are described and illustrated: C. bromelioides, C. lewisii and C. oroboensis. All of them are endemic to the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. In addition we present a study of the pollen morphology using light microscopy and scanning electron micrographs. An identification key for the three new species and the most morphologically similar species in section Monticola is also provided. 

Geographic variation in the pollen of Silene latifolia (S. alba, S. pratensis): a quantitative morphological analysis of population data

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Prentice ◽  
O. Mastenbroek ◽  
W. Berendsen ◽  
P. Hogeweg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Silene Latifolia ◽  
Character State ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Geographic Separation ◽  
Scanning Electron

There is a geographic separation of the two pollen morphs in European Silene latifolia, with the changeover zone running northwest – southeast from the Netherlands to Greece. Reticulate grains are characteristic of western populations and microechinate grains are characteristic of eastern populations. The present study is based on a sample of one pollen grain from each of the male individuals from each of 32 greenhouse-grown populations representing the distribution of S. latifolia across Europe. The 316 grains were scored for 11 morphological characters (61 character states) under the light microscope. Population character-state frequencies were analysed using cluster analysis and principal components analysis. The results support the geographic distribution of pollen morphs, but the populations with the typical eastern and western morphs are linked by a belt of populations with intermediate pollen morphology. Intermediate pollen is characteristic of populations in a zone from Belgium to Italy; the zone represents a region of relatively rapid morphological change and is coincident with a similar zone of change in seed and flavonoid characters in S. latifolia. Scanning electron micrographs from each population provided further information on the pollen morphology and complemented the light microscopical observations. The variation pattern is illustrated by scanning electron micrographs from selected populations.

Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 4: tribes Kanieae, Myrteae and Tristanieae

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Thornhill ◽  
Geoff S. Hope ◽  
Lyn A. Craven ◽  
Michael D. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen morphology of 44 genera and 101 species from the Myrtaceae tribes Kanieae, Myrteae and Tristanieae was surveyed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). Most Myrteae pollen were brevicolpate and granulate, which is unique within Myrtaceae, and these are most likely ancestral characters for this tribe. Two main pollen types were observed in tribe Kanieae, one form being with syncolpate colpi and a distinctive granulate exine, and the other with parasyncolpate colpi and a less ornamented exine. Genera Tristania and Thaleropia of tribe Tristanieae produce the smallest pollen in Myrtaceae, whereas Octamyrtus of tribe Myrteae produces the largest pollen observed in Myrtaceae.

Pollen morphology of Rhynchosia and Eriosema (Fabaceae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2395-2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Ramcharan ◽  
J. H. McAndrews ◽  
J. W. Grear
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Opposite Pole ◽  
Pollen Characters ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Scanning Electron

The closely related genera Rhynchosia and Eriosema have tricolporate pollen. Twenty-two species of Rhynchosia and nine species of Eriosema were examined with the light microscope. Most of the species have isopolar-type grains, but 11 species have the hitherto rarely described heteropolar-type pollen, i.e. on a single grain, the ends of the colpi subtend a greater area at one pole than at the opposite pole. Duplicate examination of 13 species indicates that polarity types are constant within those species. While the genera cannot be separated on the basis of pollen morphology alone, there are some pollen characters which embrace most species in any one genus. Eriosema species are mostly heteropolar (67%) and Rhynchosia are predominantly isopolar (77%). The lumina of the reticulum of Rhynchosia tend to be smaller than those of Eriosema and, with one exception, the muri of Eriosema have acute tops while those of Rhynchosia are obtuse. Scanning electron micrographs illustrate pollen morphology.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 2: tribes Backhousieae, Melaleuceae, Metrosidereae, Osbornieae and Syzygieae

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Thornhill ◽  
Geoff S. Hope ◽  
Lyn A. Craven ◽  
Michael D. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen morphology of 16 genera and 101 species from the Myrtaceae tribes Backhousieae, Melaleuceae, Metrosidereae, Osbornieae and Syzygieae was surveyed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). The most common pollen type observed in these tribes was parasyncolpate with arcuate or angular colpi, and a rugulate exine pattern. There was little size variation in observed pollen, except for larger pollen in tribe Melaleuceae. All Metrosideros pollen grains had apocolpial islands, as well as all Callistemon species viewed by LM. Choricarpia of tribe Backhousieae had pollen with a distinctive exine pattern. Dicolporate pollen were observed in two tribes, Metrosidereae (Tepualia) and Syzygieae (Acmena), and may be of systematic value. The dicolporate grains of these two genera were also easily distinguishable from each other by using size and pollen side shape as diagnostic characters. Two pollen types were observed within the genus Melaleuca, and a number of pollen types were observed within the species-rich genus Syzygium.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of extant Winteraceae: a study allowing SEM-based affiliation of its fossil representatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friđgeir Grímsson ◽  
Alexandros Xafis ◽  
Frank H. Neumann ◽  
Reinhard Zetter
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractWhen applying high-resolution microscopy, the pollen morphology of extant taxa can be used to classify fossil pollen, that is, to address the latter in the established systematic-phylogenetic framework. Here we investigate tetrads and pollen features of 20 different Winteraceae species, most of them belonging to the early-diverging generic lineagesTasmannia,DrimysandPseudowintera. The tetrads and pollen are grouped into eleven pollen types based on diagnostic features observed by both light and scanning electron microscopy. The high-resolution scanning electron micrographs of recent material allow detailed comparison with fossil material, resulting in a more accurate affiliation of fossil tetrads/pollen to extant lineages. As a case study, early Miocene Winteraceae tetrads from South Africa are re-examined and formally described. The systematic placement of the African fossils is discussed in light of the pollen types presented here.

scholarly journals Pollen of the Spermacoce (Rubiaceae) species from the Northern Territory of Australia: morphology and taxonomic significance

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dessein ◽  
R. Harwood ◽  
E. Smets ◽  
E. Robbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Pollen Characters ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Electron And Light Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Complementary to the revision of the genus Spermacoce in the Northern Territory of Australia, pollen morphology of 48 of the 53 native Spermacoce species from the Northern Territory has been investigated by scanning electron and light microscopy. There is considerable variation for most diagnostic pollen characters. The average equatorial diameter (E) ranges from 10.5 to 41.7 µm. Grains are invariably colporate with the apertures situated at the equator (being zonocolporate). The number of apertures varies from 3 to 17. The endoaperture is generally an endocingulum, often with a secondary thinning at the ectocolpus; one species has endocolpi. The sexine is usually perforate, but psilate, foveolate, and (micro)reticulate patterns were also found. Supratectal elements are present as granules or microspines scattered over the whole surface or confined to a region around the ectoapertures. The inner nexine surface is granular, often with irregular grooves (endocracks). The pollen morphological variation observed allows the distinction of four pollen types. Three of these types are not yet recorded in other palynological studies of Spermacoce. Pollen characters are often useful to delimit species and groups of related species.

Pollen morphology in the genus Myriophyllum (Haloragaceae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 976-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
North American ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Pollen Size ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Pollen Maturation ◽  
Pore Number ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Made In

Pollen size and aperture number are reported for nine North American species of Myriophyllum. For seven of these, scanning electron micrographs are provided. The wall sculpture of M. alterniflorum is microrugulate and that of eight other species is microverrucate. In M. exalbescens and M. tenellum, microvermcae develop late in pollen maturation. Myriophyllum farwellii, a species that flowers underwater, has asymmetrically arranged pores and variation in pore number. An estimated 90% of M. farwellii pollen, from collections made in 1975 and 1976, had collapsed: the apparently sterile grains suggest that this species is at least partly apomictic. A pollen key to the species is provided.

A new genus and four new species of millipedes from Tasmania, Australia (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Dalodesmidae), with notes on male leg setae in some Tasmanian dalodesmids

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 558 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT MESIBOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Scanning Electron

Bromodesmus catrionae n. gen., n. sp. (type species), B. militaris n. sp., B. riparius n. sp. and B. rufus n. sp. are described. The new genus is characterized by greatly reduced paranota and a gonopod telopodite expanded at the distal end into a posteriorly concave hood fringed with teeth; the hood partly protects a long, curved, acutely pointed solenomerite. Male leg setation in the type species of six Tasmanian dalodesmid genera is briefly discussed and illustrated with scanning electron micrographs. The sphaerotrichome shaft is sharply pointed in Atrophotergum; gently tapered in Dasystigma, Lissodesmus and Tasmanodesmus; expanded at the tip in Bromodesmus; and entirely absent in Gasterogramma. Tips of the setae forming the dense ventral brush on male podomeres are gently tapered in Dasystigma and Lissodesmus, truncated in Gasterogramma, expanded in Bromodesmus and forked in Tasmanodesmus.

The ultrastructure of the epidermis of the redia and cercaria of Parorchis acanthus, Nicoll. A study by scanning and transmission electron-microscopy

Parasitology ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Parorchis Acanthus ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron-micrographs have shown the covering of microvilli on the surface of the redia of Parorchis acanthus. In the contracted state the elongated microvilli with bulbous extremities seen in the surface grooves may be the result of compression. The surface of the epidermis of the cercaria is smooth on a large area of the ventral surface and lattice-like with microvilli, laterally, anteriorly, dorsally and on the tail. The spines on the body can be withdrawn into sheaths by the contraction of muscle fibres inserted into the basement lamina below each spine.I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr I. ap Gwynn of this department for preparing the scanning electron-micrographs and the School of Engineering Science, University of North Wales, Bangor for the use of their stereoscan. I should also like to thank Mr M. C. Bibby for technical assistance and Professor E. G. Gray and Dr W. Sinclair for assistance with the transmission electron-micrographs.

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