Endophytic fungi in evergreen shrubs in western Oregon: A preliminary study

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Petrini ◽  
Jeffrey Stone ◽  
Fanny E. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
New Records ◽  
Gaultheria Shallon ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Fungal Taxon ◽  
Umbellularia Californica ◽  
Conifer Needles ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Evergreen Shrubs ◽  
Mahonia Aquifolium

Endophytic fungi were isolated from five species of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs from 16 sites in western Oregon. Rates of infection were 76% for Mahonia nervosa, 44% for Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, 37% for Gaultheria shallon, 29% for Mahonia aquifolium, and 25% for Umbellularia californica. Incidence of leaf infections by more than one fungal taxon was 20–56%, 72–90% of which had only two infections. Rates of overall infection were higher in samples taken from densely wooded sites than in samples taken from more open sites. A pattern of species dominance is seen where the most common endophyte of a given host is isolated less frequently from other hosts; less commonly isolated endophytes appear to be less host specific. The most commonly isolated endophytes include Phyllosticta pyrolae on A. uva-ursi and G. shallon, Leptothyrium berberidis on M. nervosa, Septogloeum sp. on M. nervosa and U. californica, and Phomopsis sp., predominantly on M. aquifolium, but present on all hosts. Some of the fungi isolated from evergreen shrubs in this study were previously isolated from conifer needles; however, most represent new records.

Preliminary study of endophytic fungi in a tropical palm

1990 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia F. Rodrigues ◽  
Gary J. Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Preliminary Study

Observations on the Parasites of the Pine-shoot Moth, Rhyacionia buoliana, Schiff.

1930 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
New Records ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Trichogramma Evanescens ◽  
Pupal Parasite ◽  
The Common ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Larval Parasites

A preliminary study of the parasites of the Pine-shoot Moth, Rhyacionia buoliana, in England was undertaken at the request of the Dominion Entomologist of Canada.In all twenty-eight species of primary and secondary parasites were obtained. Thirteen of these species were represented in our material by not more than two specimens and are probably of little economic importance. Of the remaining fifteen, two (Habrocytus and Eutelus) are definitely hyperparasites, and at least two of the Pimplines (P. ruficollis and P. brevicornis) are liable to live as hyperparasites under certain conditions.The dominant or “key” parasites in this complex appear to be the Braconid, Orgilus obscurator, and two Ophionines, Cremastus interruptor and Omorgus mutabilis. These were shipped to Canada and the first two have become established there.A brief account is given of the salient facts in the biology of each species and the more important diagnostic characters of the adults are described to facilitate accurate identification, often a very difficult matter.The mature larvae of the commoner species are described in detail, with the particular object of finding satisfactory specific characters.Of the common species the majority attack the larva. Pimpla examinator is the only true pupal parasite which is at all common, but Omorgus mutabilis and Orgilus obscurator, although they are essentially larval parasites, frequently remain in their host and complete their development after it has pupated. Four other species, though normally living as larval parasites, may occasionally emerge from the pupa. One egg-parasite, Trichogramma evanescens, was recorded.None of the common species is confined to R. buoliana, and there is no reason to suppose that the other species, about which less is known, are any more specific. Five of the species reared are new to Great Britain and eighteen constitute new records for this host.

Effect of open-air fumigation with sulphur dioxide and ozone on phyllosphere and endophytic fungi of conifer needles

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MAGAN ◽  
I. A. KIRKWOOD ◽  
A. R. MCLEOD ◽  
M. K. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Conifer Needles

scholarly journals Preliminary study of endophytic fungi in timothy (Phleum pratense) in Estonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triin Varvas ◽  
Kristina Kasekamp ◽  
Bellis Kullman
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Isolate Identification

Timothy (<em>Phleum pratense </em>L.) is an important agricultural grass in Europe and North America, but there is little research into the occurrence and abundance of fungal endophyte species associated with this grass. The aim of this study was to identify fungal endophytes living within <em>P. </em>pratense and to determine if additional moisture applied during the growing season increases the diversity of endophytic fungi. We studied 58 isolates obtained from surface-sterilised blades of 60 <em>P. pratense </em>plants collected from Rõka Free Air Humidity Manipulation experimental plots (FAHM), Estonia. Morphological and molecular methods were used for isolate identification. As a result, 45 strains from 10 different taxa were identified, all belonging to Ascomycota. Five species were found to be new to <em>P. pratense</em>.

scholarly journals New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 4

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Gordana Tomovic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Teodor Denchev ◽  
Cvetomir Denchev ◽  
Marjan Niketic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Equisetum Hyemale ◽  
Mahonia Aquifolium ◽  
Epipactis Helleborine ◽  
Schoenus Nigricans

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: diatom alga Stauroneis neofossilis, parasitic fungus Anthracoidea arenariae, horsetail Equisetum hyemale, liverwort Harpanthus flotovianus, mosses Fissidens exilis and Rhizomnium punctatum, monocots Epipactis helleborine subsp. orbicularis, Himantoglossum calcaratum subsp. rumelicum and Schoenus nigricans and dicots Calluna vulgaris, Mahonia aquifolium and Willemetia stipitata subsp. albanica.

Orchids of the Occupied Palestinian Territories (West Bank, Palestine)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e72120
Author(s):  
Julius Pahl ◽  
Mazin B. Qumsiyeh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
New Records ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Using Data

Literature data and new records of members of the orchid family (Orchidaceae) in the Occupied Palestinian Territories were reviewed and updated with field data. Using data from the Palestine Museum of Natural History (PMNH), data from fellow botanists, and the Biodiversity databases (BioGIS and GBIF), the distribution patterns were analyzed with the QGIS package. Twenty-three taxa of eight genera were found in this preliminary study. For two species, no recent data from the last 20 years were available and in some cases likely declined due to human activity. Most species are from the Mediterranean phytogeographical zone, Epipactis veratrifolia Boiss. & Hohen was found in the Sudanian-Ethiopian zone (Dead Sea valley). The majority of the species found prefer semi-open shrublands (garrigue). Nine species had fewer than 20 records overall. Trends observed from the historical data, and current spatial data revealed major threats, including habitat fragmentation, urbanization, intensification of agricultural land use, afforestation and reduced precipitation due to global warming. We noted the proximity to thorny shrubs in many species indicating pressure by grazing animals during field visits. As recent data is scarce, surveys of sites where rare species have been encountered in the past are recommended, and measures to protect vulnerable populations are discussed.

Endophytic fungi of Eucalyptus globulus: a preliminary study

1993 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Bettucci ◽  
Marisabel Saravay
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Preliminary Study

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of Endophytic Fungi Culture Filtrate from Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk) Leaf

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Agustina L. N. Aminin ◽  
Nur Cahyanti ◽  
Alfina Sari ◽  
Nies Suci Mulyani ◽  
Bambang Cahyono
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Agar Method

This is a preliminary study to determine the bioactivity potential of purwoceng leaf endophytic fungal metabolites. Endophytic fungi were isolated from purwoceng leaf and their secondary metabolite from culture filtrate were subjected to identify the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and phytochemical screening. The antioxidant activity was screened by scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antimicrobial activity was screened using a good agar method toward Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Candida albicans. This study obtained five distinctive endophytic fungi isolates named A, B, C, D, and E. The endophytic fungal culture filtrate of C has the most extensive antimicrobial activity with phytochemical screening showing alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids. The antioxidant potential of all culture filtrates seemed low because the DPPH amount was interfered with by pigment compounds. Culture filtrate of fungi A showed the highest antioxidant activity and contained phenolic and alkaloid compounds.

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