A comparative study of Pyrola minor × Pyrola asarifolia (Ericaceae) and its parental species in North America

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1054-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Haber
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Blade Width

This study is the first documented account of the occurrence of the hybrid Pyrola minor × Pyrola asarifolia in North America. Seventeen localities have been verified with 15 of these occurring in the Cordillera from Colorado to the Aleutian Islands. In the east, one locality has been found in Ontario and one in Quebec. The hybrid is intermediate in morphology in 10 of 12 quantitative characters analyzed. Eight character means were significantly distinct for all three taxa (flower number, lengths of bracts, sepals, petals, anthers, petioles, styles and blade width). The hybrid differs from the parents in having campanulate flowers with distinctly exserted styles and anthers of intermediate form that are frequently malformed and have relatively large pores. Pollen fertility is low as judged by the high incidence of collapsed tetrads.

Comparative Study Between Clean Intermittent Self-Catheterization (Cisc) and Continuous Indwelling Catheterization (Cidc) in Relieving Acute Refractory Retention of Urine Due to Benign Enlargement of Prostate (Bep)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Md Shawkat Alam ◽  
Sudip Das Gupta ◽  
Hadi Zia Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Saruar Alam ◽  
Sharif Muhammod Wasimuddin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acute Urinary Retention ◽  
Bladder Capacity ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Better Than

Objective: To compare the clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) with continuous indwelling catheterization (CIDC) in relieving acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign enlargement of prostate (BEP). Materials and Methods :A total 60 patients attending in urology department of Dhaka Medical college hospital were included according to inclusion criteria ,Patients were randomized by lottery into two groups namely group –A and group –B for CISC and IDC drainage respectively . Thus total 60 patients 30 in each group completed study. Results : Most men can safely be managed as out-patients after AUR due to BPH. The degree of mucosal congestion and inflammation within the bladder was found to be lower in those using CISC and the bladder capacity in these patients was also found higher.Patients with an IDC had a high incidence of UTIs then that of patients with CISC. During the period of catheterization the incidence of UTI was 43.3% in group B in comparison to 40% in group A; before TURP 36% in group B in comparison to 10% incidence in group A.According to patient’s opinion CISC is better than IDC in the management of AUR. Experiencing bladder spasm, reporting blood in urine, management difficulties, incidence and severity of pain were less in CISC group, and the method of CISC was well accepted by patients as well as their family members. Conclusion: From the current study it may be suggested that CISC is better technique for management of AUR patient due to BPH than IDC. It can also be very helpful when surgery must be delayed or avoided due to any reasons in this group of patients. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p.105-110

A comparative study of community medicine and public health curriculum at medical schools in Iran and North America

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Tahereh Changiz ◽  
Mahasti Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Medicine ◽  
Center Staff ◽  
Health Curriculum ◽  
Spiral Curriculum

Background: Community medicine and public health are the core subjects in medical education. One of the main competencies of general physicians in the national curriculum is having knowledge and skills in health promotion and disease prevention in the health system. Any curriculum revision in community medicine departments needs to incorporate the evidence and use pioneer countries’ experiences in this issue. This study aims to compare community medicine and public health courses in medical schools between Iran and selected universities in North America. Methods: The elements of a community medicine curriculum for medical students were compared in a descriptive-comparative study using the Bereday model. These elements included objectives and competencies, educational strategies, teaching and learning methods, assessment, and educational fields in a community medicine curriculum in Iran and in selected universities in North America. A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EBSCO, and on university websites. Results: Essential aspects of community-based strategies among community medicine and public health curriculum of general medicine in universities in Canada and the United States included a longitudinal approach, training in urban and rural primary care centers, teaching by family physicians and health center staff, a spiral curriculum, focus on social determinants of health, taking of social and cultural histories and social prescriptions, learning teamwork, and using LIC (Longitudinal Integrated Curriculum). Conclusion: The objective of community medicine and public health curriculum in selected North American universities was to prepare general practitioners who work in Level 2 and 3 hospitals and to improve their skills to provide high-quality services to the community. Some of the successful points in the selected universities that could be replicated in Iranian faculties of medicine included using integration strategy, a spiral curriculum, and an LIC approach.

Notes on an Aleutian Core and Blade Industry

1951 ◽  
Vol 17 (1Part1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Peabody Museum ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The University

The possibility of a culture preceding that of the earliest paleo-Aleuts in the Aleutian Islands has been recognized for a long time. However, the researches of Jochelson and Hrdlicka provided no substantiation for such a possibility. Subsequent excavations carried out by the Peabody Museum of Harvard University in 1948, a party sponsored by the Arctic Institute of North America in 1949, and a party from the University of Oregon in 1950 have similarly failed to reveal any culture earlier than that of the paleo-Aleuts. Re-examination of an existing collection suggests the presence of such a culture in the Aleutian Islands

Art in the digital age: a comparative study of the adoption of electronic visual resources in the UK, Ireland and North America

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Victoria Brown ◽  
Catherine Worrall
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
North America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Digital Natives ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Uk

Love it or loathe it, digital is here to stay. This article explores the enormous effect that digital visual media and the ubiquity of the internet have had on the supply and delivery of images at higher education institutions, on both sides of the Atlantic. It observes the levels at which regulated digital visual resources have been adopted and looks at the problems inherent in rapidly evolving technology and the demands of the ‘millennials’ and ‘digital natives’. It also examines the barriers preventing a more fluid adoption of legal, good quality resources and the role that image specialists bring to the mix.

scholarly journals Long-distance dispersal of the beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, from North America to Chile and Hawaii

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Hancock ◽  
Harold H Prince
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Bird Migration ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
South American ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Central California ◽  
Fragaria Chiloensis

Abstract Background and Aims The beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, is found in a narrow coastal band from the Aleutian Islands to central California and then jumps thousands of kilometres all the way to Hawaii and Chile. As it probably had a North American origin, it must have been introduced to the other locations by long-distance dispersal. The aim of this study was to determine which agent carried the beach strawberry to its Pacific and South American locations. Methods A deductive framework was constructed to separate between the possible modes of long-distance dispersal involving animals, wind and ocean currents. Bird migration was subsequently identified as the most likely scenario, and then the routes, habitats, feeding preferences and flight distances of all the shorebird species were evaluated to determine the most likely carrier. Key Results Six species migrate between North America and Chile and feed on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Black-bellied Plovers, Greater Yellowlegs, Ruddy Turnstones, Sanderlings, Whimbrels and Willets. Of these, only two eat fruit and migrate in long continuous flight: Ruddy Turnstones and Whimbrels. Two species travel between North America and Hawaii, eat fruit and forage on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Pacific Golden-plovers and Ruddy Turnstones. Ruddy Turnstones eat far less fruit than Pacific Golden-plovers and Whimbrels, making them less likely to have introduced the beach strawberry to either location. Conclusions We provide evidence that F. chiloesis seeds were probably dispersed to Hawaii by Pacific Golden-plovers and to Chile by Whimbrels.

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