Conservation of leghemoglobin heterogeneity and structures in cultivated and wild soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1951-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fuchsman ◽  
R. G. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Selection Of

The leghemoglobins from a genetically diverse selection of 69 cultivated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars and plant introductions and 18 wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) plant introductions all consist of the same set of major leghemoglobins (a, c1, c2, c3), as determined by analytical isoelectric focusing. The conservation of both leghemoglobin heterogeneity and also all four major leghemoglobin structures provides strong circumstantial evidence that leghemoglobin heterogeneity is functional. Glycine max and G. soja produced the same leghemoglobins in the presence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Kirchner) Jordan and in the presence of fast-growing Rhizobium japonicum.

Genetic analysis of mannose-6-phosphate isomerase in soybeans

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Chiang ◽  
Y. T. Kiang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Null Allele ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Mannose 6 Phosphate

Five mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.8) variants were observed electrophoretically in cultivated soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and wild soybeans (G. soja Sieb. &Zucc.). Four of the five variants differed in the mobility of the two mannose-6-phosphate isomerase bands observed, while the fifth showed no enzyme activity. Several crosses involving different variants were made to study inheritance of the observed variants. The inheritance data showed that the five variants were allelic and controlled by a single locus (Mpi). The five alleles were as follows: Mpi-a (Rf 0.61 and 0.66); Mpi-b (Rf 0.66 and 0.7); Mpi-c (Rf 0.71 and 0.75); Mpi-d (Rf 0.76 and 0.80); and mpi. Mpi-a, Mpi-b, Mpi-c, and Mpi-d are codominant, and the null allele mpi is recessive. The Mpi-b allele is most common while the Mpi-d and mpi alleles are rare in both the cultivated and wild soybean germ plasm from various sources examined.Key words: Glycine max, Glycine soja, isozymes, Mpi, gel electrophoresis, allelic frequency.

scholarly journals Comparison of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compound Profiles and Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Properties of Cultivated Soybean (Glycine max) and Wild Soybean (Glycine soja)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Qianru Chen ◽  
Xianxian Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Yuan ◽  
John Shi ◽  
Chengsheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Metabolic Pathway Analysis ◽  
Cultivated Soybean ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb.et Zucc; WS) has been used as a traditional food in China for many years and contains significantly higher levels of isoflavones than cultivated soybean (Glycine max; CS), but the secondary metabolites, including flavonoids and the phenolic composition differences between them, remain unclear. The results showed that WS possessed significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid content and exhibited better antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities as well as excellent protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative injury in a human endothelial cell line. Through metabolomic analysis, 642 metabolites were identified, and 238 showed differential expression, with 151 upregulated and 87 downregulated. A total of 79 flavonoid compounds were identified, 42 of which were upregulated in WS. 2′-Hydroxygenistein, garbanzol, protocatechuic aldehyde, ligustilide, and resveratrol were the most discriminated compounds in WS. The metabolic pathway analysis of differential metabolites related to the biosynthesis of flavonoids and phenolic acids were the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, flavones, and flavonols. This study substantially elucidated differences in the content of flavonoids and biological activities between WS and CS, which is useful information for the effective utilization of these two black soybean species in food processing.

scholarly journals Prioritization and Evaluation of Flooding Tolerance Genes in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu-Chien Lai ◽  
Zheng-Yuan Lai ◽  
Li-Hsin Jhan ◽  
Ya-Syuan Lai ◽  
Chung-Feng Kao
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Flooding Tolerance ◽  
Big Data Mining ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Mapping Gene ◽  
Selection Of

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the most important legume crops abundant in edible protein and oil in the world. In recent years there has been increasingly more drastic weather caused by climate change, with flooding, drought, and unevenly distributed rainfall gradually increasing in terms of the frequency and intensity worldwide. Severe flooding has caused extensive losses to soybean production and there is an urgent need to breed strong soybean seeds with high flooding tolerance. The present study demonstrates bioinformatics big data mining and integration, meta-analysis, gene mapping, gene prioritization, and systems biology for identifying prioritized genes of flooding tolerance in soybean. A total of 83 flooding tolerance genes (FTgenes), according to the appropriate cut-off point, were prioritized from 36,705 test genes collected from multidimensional genomic features linking to soybean flooding tolerance. Several validation results using independent samples from SoyNet, genome-wide association study, SoyBase, GO database, and transcriptome databases all exhibited excellent agreement, suggesting these 83 FTgenes were significantly superior to others. These results provide valuable information and contribution to research on the varieties selection of soybean.

scholarly journals Diversidad de los rizobios que nodulan la soja en los suelos de la Pampa húmeda e identificación de cepas para la fabricación de inoculantes comerciales

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Graciela N. Pastorino
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Glycine Max L

Las labores culturales, provocan modificaciones de las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de los suelos. Estas se clasifican en: labranza convencional, labranza vertical y siembra directa. Cada tecnología de manejo genera estreses a los que las poblaciones microbianas se adaptan, como resultado de cambios morfológicos, fisiológicos y genéticos. La inoculación de la soja (Glycine max [L.] Merr) es una tecnología que se introdujo en la Argentina junto con el cultivo y por ello los inoculantes fueron el vehículo de ingreso de las cepas exóticas de Bradyrhizobium, que una vez incorporadas al suelo, se adaptaron y establecieron dando origen a las poblaciones de rizobios naturalizadas. Lo que condujo a generar diversidad a nivel del genoma de los bradyrizobios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la diversidad de los simbiontes de soja que se encuentran en la población del suelo y el rol que cumple como recurso en la selección de cepas para la producción comercial de inoculantes. Se evaluaron dos muestras de suelo que durante los últimos 8 años fueron trabajados con siembra directa (SD) y con labranza convencional (LC). Se realizó el recuento y aislamiento de rizobios. Los aislados se caracterizaron fisiológica y genéticamente. La diversidad se evaluó mediante la amplificación de las secuencias BOX A1R. Se seleccionaron 52 aislados que se identificaron amplificando las regiones RSα y nifD y la secuenciación del fragmento ITS 16S - 23S rDNA. El recuento de rizobios mostró que en el suelo bajo SD y antecesor soja la población fue mayor que en la muestra de suelo bajo LC y antecesor maíz. La caracterización fisiológica de 200 aislados reflejó que los suelos LC contuvieron un mayor número de cepas tolerantes a salinidad y alta temperatura. Además un porcentaje mayor de aislados del suelo LC, respecto del suelo bajo SD, resultó con capacidad de sobrevivencia sobre semilla superior a la cepa control E109. Los aislados además presentaron diferencias en la nodulación y fijación de nitrógeno, en la tolerancia a glifosato y en la producción de ácido indol acético (AIA). Sólo un aislado mostró capacidad de solubilización de fósforo. El análisis del dendrograma generado con los fingerprints BOX A1R, mostró que hay mayor diversidad en los suelos bajo SD. Sobre los 52 aislados analizados en base a la secuencia del ITS se encontró que el 70 % son Bradyrhizobium japonicum y 30 % B. elkanii. Se identificaron 4 aislados que comparten características genéticas de ambas especies de Bradyrhizobium. En esta tesis se confirmó que en los suelos con historia de cultivo de soja, manejados bajo distintos sistemas de labranzas, se indujeron cambios a nivel del genoma de las cepas de rizobios que contribuyó a modificar la diversidad de la población. Las poblaciones naturalizadas son un recurso para la identificación de rizobios con características superiores para la fabricación de inoculantes, sin embargo es necesario profundizar las evaluaciones de la supervivencia, tolerancia, competitividad y promoción del crecimiento vegetal de rizobios naturalizados para emplearlos como bioinoculantes.

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