Genotypic variation in Polygonum pensylvanicum: nutrient effects on plant growth and aphid infestation

Variation in the performance of 20 genotypes of Polygonum pensylvanicum under two nutrient treatments was studied in a garden experiment. Nutrient fertilization enhanced vegetative biomass and fruit biomass production, but did not result in significant genotype–environment interactions, suggesting that nutrient variation of the range used in the experiment has little potential as a microevolutionary factor in this species. Leaf nitrogen concentration was not affected by a nutrient pulse. The degree of transient aphid infestation that occurred during the experiment had a weak positive correlation with final reproductive biomass of plants. Mean density of aphids per leaf was negatively correlated with percent leaf nitrogen and was not affected by genotypic identity of host plants. Key words: Polygonum pensylvanicum, genotype–environment interaction, phenotypic plasticity, aphids, nutrients.

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Influence of agro-ecological service crop termination and synthetic biodegradable film covering on Aphis gossypii Glover (Rhynchota: Aphididae) infestation and natural enemy dynamics

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170517000175 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 386-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Serena Magagnoli ◽

Laura Depalo ◽

Antonio Masetti ◽

Gabriele Campanelli ◽

Stefano Canali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Growing Season ◽

Leaf Nitrogen ◽

Biodegradable Film ◽

Aphid Infestation ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Ecological Service

AbstractAgro-ecological service crops (ASC) can increase the vegetation complexity of agroecosystems leading to a positive impact on natural enemies of arthropod pests and on weed control. In this study, two ASC terminations (green manure and roller crimper) and a Mater-Bi-mulched control (MB) were compared in order to describe the effects on pests and beneficial dynamics in an organic vegetable system. The trials were conducted over two consecutive growing seasons in 2014 and 2015. Zucchini were grown as cash crop and barley as ASC. Pests and natural enemies were monitored fortnightly by visual samplings along the whole zucchini-growing season. Zucchini plants showed a faster vegetative growth in MB treatment than in ASC terminations. In both years, MB plots were characterized by higher soil temperature and higher leaf nitrogen concentration resulting in plants more susceptible to Aphis gossypii infestations. In all the experimental plots, natural enemies controlled aphid infestations and no insecticide and sprays were necessary. In conclusion, the tested ASC techniques have been suggested as a tool to mitigate aphid infestation.

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Provenance variation in carbon isotope discrimination of mature ponderosa pine trees at two locations in the Great Plains

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x99-226 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 428-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Bert M Cregg ◽

J Miguel Olivas-García ◽

Thomas C Hennessey

Keyword(s):

New Mexico ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Ponderosa Pine ◽

Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Isotope Discrimination ◽

Seed Sources ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Use Efficiency

We analyzed genotypic variation in carbon isotope discrimination (Δ), photosynthetic gas exchange, and needle morphology of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) trees from four seed sources growing in two 26-year-old provenance plantings near Plattsmouth, Neb., and Norman, Okla. The populations studied were from South Dakota, New Mexico, Wyoming, and Nebraska. Net photosynthesis (A) and needle conductance to water vapor (gwv), were measured during the growing season of 1994. Specific leaf area, stomatal density, and Δ were analyzed in needles grown from 1991 to 1994. The southernmost source (New Mexico) had the highest intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/gwv) among the sources studied. Carbon isotope discrimination was correlated with growth (r = -0.81, P < 0.05), A/gwv (r < -0.54, P < 0.001), and gwv (r > 0.46, P < 0.05) but not A. Variation in Δ was significant among seed sources and years (P < 0.001). We observed a strong genotype × environment interaction in Δ resulting from geographic location but not moisture availability within locations. We hypothesize that the genotype × environment interaction is related to variation in growth phenology among the seed sources. Improving water-use efficiency or growth of ponderosa pine via Δ will require an understanding in genotypic variation in growth rhythms.

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Genotypic Variation and Genotype × Environment Interaction for Yield-Related Traits in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats under a Range of Optimal and Heat-Stressed Environments

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2017.01.0035 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 295-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Abdul Aziz ◽

Tariq Mahmood ◽

Zahid Mahmood ◽

Kanwal Shazadi ◽

Abdul Mujeeb-Kazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genotypic Variation ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats ◽

Synthetic Hexaploid

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Evaluation of genotype by environment interaction and adaptability in lowland irrigated rice hybrids for grain yield under high temperature

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95264-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

P. Senguttuvel ◽

N. Sravanraju ◽

V. Jaldhani ◽

B. Divya ◽

P. Beulah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Female Parent ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Spikelet Fertility ◽

Linear Component ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Parental Lines

AbstractRecent predictions on climate change indicate that high temperature episodes are expected to impact rice production and productivity worldwide. The present investigation was undertaken to assess the yield stability of 72 rice hybrids and their parental lines across three temperature regimes over two consecutive dry seasons using the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) stability model analysis. The combined ANOVA revealed that genotype × environment interaction (GEI) were significant due to the linear component for most of the traits studied. The AMMI and GGE biplot explained 57.2% and 69% of the observed genotypic variation for grain yield, respectively. Spikelet fertility was the most affected yield contributing trait and in contrast, plant height and tiller numbers were the least affected traits. In case of spikelet fertility, grain yield and other yield contributing traits, male parent contributed towards heat tolerance of the hybrids compared to the female parent. The parental lines G74 (IR58025B), G83 (IR40750R), G85 (C20R) and hybrids [G21 (IR58025A × KMR3); G3 (APMS6A × KMR3); G57 (IR68897A × KMR3) and G41 (IR79156A × RPHR1005)] were the most stable across the environments for grain yield. They can be considered as potential genotypes for cultivation under high temperature stress after evaluating under multi location trials.

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