A multistate mark–recapture approach to characterize stream fish movement at multiple spatial scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1090-1100
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Kanno ◽  
Naoki Yui ◽  
Wataru Mamiya ◽  
Rei Sakai ◽  
Yuri Yabuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Salvelinus Leucomaenis ◽  
Long Distance Movement

We studied movement of a native salmonid, white-spotted char (Salvelinus leucomaenis), in a 1-km tributary in northern Hokkaido, Japan, in May–July 2018. Based on physical mark–recapture of 501 unique individuals and detection by mobile PIT antenna over monthly intervals, a majority of fish (70%–80%) stayed within 60 m of previously released locations, demonstrating what appeared to be restricted movement patterns. However, fixed PIT antenna data showed that as much as 17% of marked individuals emigrated from the study area during the 2-month study period. Probability of emigration did not depend on where in the 1-km segment individuals had been released, indicating that emigration likely represented long-distance movement. Once emigrants made a decision to emigrate, they left the tributary within 1–3 median days by moving downstream in a unidirectional manner, based on detections at a total of three antenna arrays deployed throughout the tributary. Our multiscale analysis provided strong support for co-existence of short- and long-distance movement patterns, and we conclude that movement data at multiple spatial scales complement each other to characterize population-scale movement.

scholarly journals An Investigation into Marmot Migration in Grand Teton National Park

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
George Montopoli ◽  
Nick Visser ◽  
Hank Harlow
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
Marmota Flaviventris ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The North ◽  
North Fork ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Long Distance Movement

In 1994 and 1995, a high abundant winter snowfall at higher elevations appeared to result in long distance movement patterns by yellow-bellied marmot (Marmota flaviventris) over snow to lower, snowfree elevations where food was more available. As the snow melted and food became abundant, the marmots return to higher altitudes. In 1996, we continued to investigate the potential for migrational movements, by studying two study sites at different elevations in the North Fork of Cascade Canyon. Four marmots at each site were implanted with intraperitoneal tracking transmitters. Of eight marmots that were equipped with intraperitoneal transmitters, six demonstrated significant movements of greater than 0.5 km, one did not, and one most likely died as a result of predation before any movement could be observed. Of the six that demonstrated significant movements within the canyon, only one moved distances greater than 1 km. Marmots, after emerging from hibernation, migrated down canyon to snowfree areas as they become available. With progressive snow melt, most marmots move upward to higher elevations, but not to the extent originally expected. Instead, they moved to the first available habitat where food was obtainable, and other (dominant) marmots accepted their presence. This movement is exhibited in both males and females, yearlings and adults, and melanistic and normal colored marmots.

Movement Patterns of the testse fly Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Dipter: Glossinidae) around villages in the pre-forest Zone of lvory Coast

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Randolph ◽  
David J. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Glossina Palpalis Palpalis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Long Distance Movement ◽  
The Village ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

AbstractThe movement patterns of Glossina palpalis palpalis (R.-D.) around villages in Ivory Coast were investigated by means of mark-release-recapture studies at two different sites. At one site, Congo Aboisso I, there appears to have been a single fly population based on the village, with an asymmetric ebb and flow of flies between the village and the surrounding bush; flies tended to remain in or around the village once they had arrived there. At the other site, Degbézéré, on the other hand, there were two populations, one centred on the village and the other on a nearby lake, with considerable exchange between the two. It is suggested that flies go to Degbézéré Village and remain there to feed, primarily on domestic pigs, and females return to the lake briefly to larviposit; males stay longer at the lake, perhaps to increase their chances of mating with emerging females. Long-distance movement of flies between villages, and also an analysis of the spatial pattern of fly movement between Congo Aboisso I and the surrounding bush, shows that human activity may affect the pattern of tsetse movement. Flight activity, and the consequent fly movement, was related to the nutritional status of the flies; males with greater fat content undertook more flight activity and thus tended to move further away from the village. The implications of these results for attempts at local trypanosomiasis control are discussed.

Influence of habitat attributes on density of Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) in agricultural ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Beatty ◽  
James C. Beasley ◽  
Zachary H. Olson ◽  
Olin E. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Dispersal Capability ◽  
Generalist Diet ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Effects

In agriculturally fragmented ecosystems, mesopredators play dominant roles in food webs through scavenging. We examined the influence of habitat attributes associated with carrion on local Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792) density in an agricultural landscape. We conducted opossum mark–recapture in 25 forest patches from 2005 to 2010, which represented the most extensive sampling of opossums to date. We analyzed mark–recapture data with a closed robust design and evaluated effects of landscape features linked to carrion on opossum density and female opossum density with generalized linear mixed-effects models. We included landscape-level (1481.6 m buffer) and patch-level covariates linked to carrion in addition to other covariates associated with high opossum densities. We developed a set of 19 candidate models and examined model fit with Akaike’s information criterion. The top model for opossum density included the density of adjoining roads, whereas the top model for female density included patch size, although the statistical null was a competing model in both cases. The long-distance dispersal capability and generalist diet of the opossum likely precluded us from detecting a definitive relationship between covariates and opossum density. The scale of effect for opossum density in agriculturally fragmented landscapes is likely larger than the spatial scales examined here.

scholarly journals Two Components of Long-Distance Extraction: Successive Cyclicity in Dinka

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coppe van Urk ◽  
Norvin Richards
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Cyclic Movement ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
Long Distance Movement

This article presents novel data from the Nilotic language Dinka, in which the syntax of successive-cyclic movement is remarkably transparent. We show that Dinka provides strong support for the view that long-distance extraction proceeds through the edge of every verb phrase and every clause on the path of movement ( Chomsky 1986 , 2000 , 2001 , 2008 ). In addition, long-distance dependencies in Dinka offer evidence that extraction from a CP requires agreement between v and the CP that is extracted from ( Rackowski and Richards 2005 , Den Dikken 2009b , 2012a , b ). The claim that both of these components constrain long-distance movement is important, as much contemporary work on extraction incorporates only one of them. To accommodate this conclusion, we propose a modification of Rackowski and Richards 2005 , in which both intermediate movement and Agree relations between phase heads are necessary steps in establishing a long-distance dependency.

scholarly journals Inferring stratified parasitoid dispersal mechanisms and parameters from coarse data using mathematical and Bayesian methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (130) ◽  
pp. 20170005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Strickland ◽  
Nadiah P. Kristensen ◽  
Laura Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Long Distance Movement

Biological invasions have movement at the core of their success. However, due to difficulties in collecting data, medium- and long-distance dispersal of small insects has long been poorly understood and likely to be underestimated. The agricultural release of parasitic hymenoptera, a group of wasps that are critical for biological pest control, represents a rare opportunity to study the spread of insects on multiple spatial scales. As these insects are typically less than 1 mm in size and are challenging to track individually, a first-time biocontrol release will provide a known spatial position and time of initial release for all individuals that are subsequently collected. In this paper, we develop and validate a new mathematical model for parasitoid wasp dispersal from point release, as in the case of biocontrol. The model is derived from underlying stochastic processes but is fully deterministic and admits an analytical solution. Using a Bayesian framework, we then fit the model to an Australian dataset describing the multi-scale wind-borne dispersal pattern of Eretmocerus hayati Zolnerowich & Rose (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Our results confirm that both local movements and long-distance wind dispersal are significant to the movement of parasitoids. The model results also suggest that low velocity winds are the primary indicator of dispersal direction on the field scale shortly after release, and that average wind data may be insufficient to resolve long-distance movement given inherent nonlinearities and heterogeneities in atmospheric flows. The results highlight the importance of collecting wind data when developing models to predict the spread of parasitoids and other tiny organisms.

Inhibition of coral settlement at multiple spatial scales by a pervasive algal competitor

2019 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
NR Evensen ◽  
C Doropoulos ◽  
KM Morrow ◽  
CA Motti ◽  
PJ Mumby
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Coral Settlement ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales

From sand to sea: tracing the production and trade in glass beads from the 10th-century Cirebon shipwreck in the Java Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Swan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Production ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Rock Crystal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Merchant Ship ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Java Sea ◽  
Indian Ocean World ◽  
Long Distance Movement ◽  
Lapis Lazuli

Around the year 970 CE, a merchant ship carrying an assortment of goods from East Africa, Persia, India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, and China foundered and sank to the bottom of the Java Sea. Thousands of beads made from many different materials—ceramic, jet, coral, banded stone, lapis lazuli, rock crystal, sapphire, ruby, garnet, pearl, gold, and glass—attest to the long-distance movement and trade of these small and often precious objects throughout the Indian Ocean world. The beads made of glass are of particular interest, as closely-dated examples are very rare and there is some debate as to where glass beads were being made and traded during this period of time. This paper examines 18 glass beads from the Cirebon shipwreck that are now in the collection of Qatar Museums, using a comparative typological and chemical perspective within the context of the 10th-century glass production. Although it remains uncertain where some of the beads were made, the composition of the glass beads points to two major production origins for the glass itself: West Asia and South Asia.

scholarly journals Maize resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 542-544
Author(s):  
R. Pokorný ◽  
M. Porubová
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistant Line ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Maize Resistance ◽  
Long Distance Movement

Under greenhouse conditions 12 maize hybrids derived from crosses of four resistant lines with several lines of different level of susceptibility were evaluated for resistance to Czech isolate of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). These hybrids were not fully resistant to isolate of SCMV, but the symptoms on their newly growing leaves usually developed 1 to 3 weeks later in comparison with particular susceptible line, the course of infection was significantly slower and rate of infection lower. As for mechanisms of resistance, the presence of SCMV was detected by ELISA in inoculated leaves both of resistant and susceptible lines, but virus was detected 7 days later in resistant line. Systemic infection developed only in susceptible lines. These results indicate restriction of viral long distance movement in the resistant line.

scholarly journals Inferring Modes of Colonization for Pest Species Using Heterozygosity Comparisons and a Shared-Allele Test

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 823-831
Author(s):  
J A Sved ◽  
H Yu ◽  
B Dominiak ◽  
A S Gilchrist
Keyword(s):  
Distance Measure ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Resampling Methods ◽  
Shared Allele ◽  
The Core ◽  
Direct Sampling ◽  
Long Distance Movement

Abstract Long-range dispersal of a species may involve either a single long-distance movement from a core population or spreading via unobserved intermediate populations. Where the new populations originate as small propagules, genetic drift may be extreme and gene frequency or assignment methods may not prove useful in determining the relation between the core population and outbreak samples. We describe computationally simple resampling methods for use in this situation to distinguish between the different modes of dispersal. First, estimates of heterozygosity can be used to test for direct sampling from the core population and to estimate the effective size of intermediate populations. Second, a test of sharing of alleles, particularly rare alleles, can show whether outbreaks are related to each other rather than arriving as independent samples from the core population. The shared-allele statistic also serves as a genetic distance measure that is appropriate for small samples. These methods were applied to data on a fruit fly pest species, Bactrocera tryoni, which is quarantined from some horticultural areas in Australia. We concluded that the outbreaks in the quarantine zone came from a heterogeneous set of genetically differentiated populations, possibly ones that overwinter in the vicinity of the quarantine zone.

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