Effects of forest conservation and management on volume growth, harvested amount of timber, carbon stock, and amount of deadwood in Finnish boreal forests under changing climate

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Alrahahleh ◽  
V.-P. Ikonen ◽  
A. Kilpeläinen ◽  
P. Torssonen ◽  
H. Strandman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Trade Offs

We employed a forest ecosystem model (SIMA) to study how the changes in forest conservation area and management affect the volume growth, harvested amount of timber, carbon stock, and amount of deadwood in Finnish boreal upland forests under current and changing climates (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) over 2010–2099. Simulations were carried out on National Forest Inventory plots using three different forest conservation scenarios (baseline and 10% and 20% increases of conservation area) and three thinning regimes (baseline and maintenance of ±20% stocking in thinning compared with recommendations). An increase of forest conservation area increased the volume growth, carbon stock, and quantity of deadwood in forests, as did the maintenance of 20% higher stocking in thinning. Maintenance of 20% lower stocking in thinning increased, in general, the amount of harvested timber, but it could not compensate for the decrease of harvested timber due to increase of conservation area. Climate warming greatly increased all of the studied variables in northern Finland but decreased them in southern Finland, the most under the strongest climate warming scenario, RCP8.5. Climate warming also increased the quantity of deadwood throughout Finland. To conclude, we found clear trade-offs for production of different ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Age-dependence of stand biomass in managed boreal forests based on the Finnish National Forest Inventory data

2021 ◽  
Vol 498 ◽  
pp. 119507
Author(s):  
Anna Repo ◽  
Tuomas Rajala ◽  
Helena M. Henttonen ◽  
Aleksi Lehtonen ◽  
Mikko Peltoniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Forest Inventory Data

scholarly journals Country and regional carbon stock in forest cover – estimates based on the first cycle of the Czech National Forest Inventory data (2001–2004)

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Merganič ◽  
Katarína Merganičová ◽  
Bohdan Konôpka ◽  
Miloš Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Total Tree

AbstractSince forests can play an efficient role in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, objective information about the actual carbon stock is very important. Therefore, the presented paper analysed the carbon stock in the living merchantable trees (with diameter at breast height above 7 cm) of the Czech forests with regard to groups of tree species and tree compartments (wood under bark with diameter above 7 cm, wood under bark with diameter below 7 cm, bark, green twigs, foliage, stump and roots). We examined its regional distribution and relationship to the number of inhabitants and the gross domestic product. The data used for the analysis originated from 13,929 forest plots of the first Czech National Forest Inventory performed between 2001 and 2004. The total tree carbon stock was obtained as a sum of the carbon stock in the individual tree compartments estimated from the biomass amount in the compartments multiplied by the relative carbon content. Wood biomass amount was calculated by multiplying a particular part of tree volume with species-specific green wood density. The total amount of carbon stored in forest trees in the Czech Republic was over 327 mill. t, which is about 113 t of carbon per ha of forests. The highest carbon amount (160 mill. t, i.e. 49.0% of the total amount) was fixed in spruce. The minimum carbon amount fixed in the forest cover (14.35 mill. t) was calculated for Ústecký kraj (region), while the maximum carbon amount (51.51 mill. t) was found in Jihočeský kraj.

Effects of even-aged and uneven-aged management on carbon dynamics and timber yield in boreal Norway spruce stands: a forest ecosystem model approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kellomäki ◽  
H Strandman ◽  
H Peltola
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Seed Crop ◽  
Timber Yield ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carbon Retention

Abstract We used a gap-type forest ecosystem model to study how even- and uneven-aged management affected the carbon dynamics and timber production in boreal Norway spruce stands. In business-as-usual management, the intensity of thinnings (from below) and single-tree selective cuttings followed those recommended for even-aged (BT) and uneven-aged management (BSC) in practical forestry in Finland. Moreover, higher or lower basal area thresholds, and shorter or longer production cycles, were used in simulations. We found that, the mean annual carbon uptake, volume growth, and carbon stock in trees and harvested timber, were nearly the same under even-aged (BT) and uneven-aged (BSC) management, when assuming full seed crop in latter one. However, the carbon stock in the soil and ecosystem and the mean annual net ecosystem exchange were slightly smaller under BT. The carbon retention time was longer under BSC. The net present value (NPV with interest rate of 3 per cent) of timber production was clearly lower under BT, when the calculation was initiated at planting on clear-cutting area, in opposite to when initiating calculation a few years before the second thinning. Higher basal area thresholds and longer production cycles increased carbon stocks, carbon retention and timber yield, regardless of management system. On the other hand, the results of uneven-aged management (BSC) were very sensitive to the success of natural regeneration and ingrowth of seedlings, as a reduction of the seed crop by 25–75 per cent from the full seed crop decreases the volume growth by 44–74 per cent and timber yield up to 46 per cent.

scholarly journals Rapid Changes in Ground Vegetation of Mature Boreal Forests—An Analysis of Swedish National Forest Inventory Data

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson ◽  
Jonas Dahlgren ◽  
Magnus Ekström ◽  
Per-Anders Esseen ◽  
Anton Grafström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Forest Herbs ◽  
Species Groups

The boreal forest floor vegetation is critical for ecosystem functioning and an important part of forest biodiversity. Given the ongoing global change, knowledge on broad-scale changes in the composition and abundance of different plant species and species groups is hence important for both forest conservation and management. Here, we analyse permanent plot data from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) on changes in the vegetation over a 10-year period in four regions of Sweden. To limit the direct and relatively well-known effects of forest management and associated succession, we only included mature forest stands not influenced by forestry during the 10 years between inventories, and focused on vegetation change mainly related to other factors. Results show strong decrease among many species and species groups. This includes dominant species such as Vaccinimum myrtillus and Deschampsia flexuosa as well as several forest herbs. The only species increasing are some mosses in the southern regions. Our data do not allow for a causal interpretation of the observed patterns. However, the changes probably result from latent succession in combination with climate change and nitrogen deposition, and with time lags complicating the interpretation of their relative importance. Regardless of the cause, the observed changes are on a magnitude that suggest impacts on ecosystem functioning and hence highlight the need for more experimental work.

Steigende Bestandszahlen bei Spechten und anderen Vogelarten dank Zunahme von Totholz? | An increase in the population of woodpeckers and other bird species thanks to an increase in the quantities of deadwood?

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (11) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Mollet ◽  
Niklaus Zbinden ◽  
Hans Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Willow Tit ◽  
Middle Spotted Woodpecker ◽  
Important Habitat

Results from the monitoring programs of the Swiss Ornithological Institute show that the breeding populations of several forest species for which deadwood is an important habitat element (black woodpecker, great spotted woodpecker, middle spotted woodpecker, lesser spotted woodpecker, green woodpecker, three-toed woodpecker as well as crested tit, willow tit and Eurasian tree creeper) have increased in the period 1990 to 2008, although not to the same extent in all species. At the same time the white-backed woodpecker extended its range in eastern Switzerland. The Swiss National Forest Inventory shows an increase in the amount of deadwood in forests for the same period. For all the mentioned species, with the exception of green and middle spotted woodpecker, the growing availability of deadwood is likely to be the most important factor explaining this population increase.

scholarly journals A multi-purpose National Forest Inventory in Bangladesh: design, operationalisation and key results

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matieu Henry ◽  
Zaheer Iqbal ◽  
Kristofer Johnson ◽  
Mariam Akhter ◽  
Liam Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Land Cover Map

Abstract Background National forest inventory and forest monitoring systems are more important than ever considering continued global degradation of trees and forests. These systems are especially important in a country like Bangladesh, which is characterised by a large population density, climate change vulnerability and dependence on natural resources. With the aim of supporting the Government’s actions towards sustainable forest management through reliable information, the Bangladesh Forest Inventory (BFI) was designed and implemented through three components: biophysical inventory, socio-economic survey and remote sensing-based land cover mapping. This article documents the approach undertaken by the Forest Department under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change to establish the BFI as a multipurpose, efficient, accurate and replicable national forest assessment. The design, operationalization and some key results of the process are presented. Methods The BFI takes advantage of the latest and most well-accepted technological and methodological approaches. Importantly, it was designed through a collaborative process which drew from the experience and knowledge of multiple national and international entities. Overall, 1781 field plots were visited, 6400 households were surveyed, and a national land cover map for the year 2015 was produced. Innovative technological enhancements include a semi-automated segmentation approach for developing the wall-to-wall land cover map, an object-based national land characterisation system, consistent estimates between sample-based and mapped land cover areas, use of mobile apps for tree species identification and data collection, and use of differential global positioning system for referencing plot centres. Results Seven criteria, and multiple associated indicators, were developed for monitoring progress towards sustainable forest management goals, informing management decisions, and national and international reporting needs. A wide range of biophysical and socioeconomic data were collected, and in some cases integrated, for estimating the indicators. Conclusions The BFI is a new information source tool for helping guide Bangladesh towards a sustainable future. Reliable information on the status of tree and forest resources, as well as land use, empowers evidence-based decision making across multiple stakeholders and at different levels for protecting natural resources. The integrated socio-economic data collected provides information about the interactions between people and their tree and forest resources, and the valuation of ecosystem services. The BFI is designed to be a permanent assessment of these resources, and future data collection will enable monitoring of trends against the current baseline. However, additional institutional support as well as continuation of collaboration among national partners is crucial for sustaining the BFI process in future.

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