scholarly journals Spatial and temporal dynamics of the soil charcoal pool in relation to fire history in a boreal forest landscape

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Kasin ◽  
Vanessa Marie Ellingsen ◽  
Johan Asplund ◽  
Mikael Ohlson
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Scots Pine Forests ◽  
Slow Cycling

Charcoal pools in boreal forest soils constitute considerable amounts of slow cycling organic matter that is important in the global carbon cycle. However, these pools are characterized by spatiotemporal variations that are not well understood. Here, we have analyzed the charcoal pool in 100 soil samples to determine charcoal stock species origin and how the size and age of this pool varies across different spatial scales in a Norwegian boreal forest landscape including forests that differ in terms of tree-species composition, tree density, and recent fire histories. The size of the charcoal pool was site-specific and highly variable, ranging from 0 to 2108 g·m–2. Geostatistical analyses showed that the charcoal pool was only weakly spatially structured at fine spatial scales (metres) and broader between-site scales (100s of metres). Unexpectedly, there was no significant relationship between the amount of charcoal and contemporary forest composition and density, although there was proportionally more charcoal from broadleaved trees in today’s Scots pine forests than in the Norway spruce forests. When relating this information to the fire history, the results indicate that charcoal is lost at a millennial time scale.

Spatial and temporal dynamics of 20th century carbon storage and emissions after wildfire in an old-growth forest landscape

2019 ◽  
Vol 449 ◽  
pp. 117461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas B. Harris ◽  
Andrew E. Scholl ◽  
Amanda B. Young ◽  
Becky L. Estes ◽  
Alan H. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics

scholarly journals Individual-based simulation of the spatial and temporal dynamics of macroinvertebrate functional groups provides insights into benthic community assembly mechanisms

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Alexandridis ◽  
Cédric Bacher ◽  
Nicolas Desroy ◽  
Fred Jean
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Habitat Modification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Biogenic Habitat ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Functional Components

The complexity and scales of the processes that shape communities of marine benthic macroinvertebrates has limited our understanding of their assembly mechanisms and the potential to make projections of their spatial and temporal dynamics. Individual-based models can shed light on community assembly mechanisms, by allowing observed spatiotemporal patterns to emerge from first principles about the modeled organisms. Previous work in the Rance estuary (Brittany, France) revealed the principal functional components of its benthic macroinvertebrate communities and derived a set of functional relationships between them. These elements were combined here for the development of a dynamic and spatially explicit model that operates at two spatial scales. At the fine scale, modeling each individual’s life cycle allowed the representation of recruitment, inter- and intra-group competition, biogenic habitat modification and predation mortality. Larval dispersal and environmental filtering due to the tidal characteristics of the Rance estuary were represented at the coarse scale. The two scales were dynamically linked and the model was parameterized on the basis of theoretical expectations and expert knowledge. The model was able to reproduce some patterns of α- and β-diversity that were observed in the Rance estuary in 1995. Model analysis demonstrated the role of local and regional processes, particularly early post-settlement mortality and spatially restricted dispersal, in shaping marine benthos. It also indicated biogenic habitat modification as a promising area for future research. The combination of this mechanism with different substrate types, along with the representation of physical disturbances and more trophic categories, could increase the model’s realism. The precise parameterization and validation of the model is expected to extend its scope from the exploration of community assembly mechanisms to the formulation of predictions about the responses of community structure and functioning to environmental change.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Small Mammals at a Regional Scale in Canadian Boreal Forest

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Bowman ◽  
R. Dean Phoenix ◽  
Alissa Sugar ◽  
F. Neil Dawson ◽  
George Holborn
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

Spatial and temporal dynamics of lexico-semantic processing in American Sign Language

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Leonard ◽  
N. Ferjan Ramirez ◽  
C. Torres ◽  
M. Hatrak ◽  
R. Mayberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Sign Language ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
American Sign ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics

Spatial and temporal dynamics of Pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius in the Gulf of Alaska: implications for ecosystem-based fisheries management

2020 ◽  
Vol 637 ◽  
pp. 117-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW McGowan ◽  
ED Goldstein ◽  
ML Arimitsu ◽  
AL Deary ◽  
O Ormseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Pacific capelin Mallotus catervarius are planktivorous small pelagic fish that serve an intermediate trophic role in marine food webs. Due to the lack of a directed fishery or monitoring of capelin in the Northeast Pacific, limited information is available on their distribution and abundance, and how spatio-temporal fluctuations in capelin density affect their availability as prey. To provide information on life history, spatial patterns, and population dynamics of capelin in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), we modeled distributions of spawning habitat and larval dispersal, and synthesized spatially indexed data from multiple independent sources from 1996 to 2016. Potential capelin spawning areas were broadly distributed across the GOA. Models of larval drift show the GOA’s advective circulation patterns disperse capelin larvae over the continental shelf and upper slope, indicating potential connections between spawning areas and observed offshore distributions that are influenced by the location and timing of spawning. Spatial overlap in composite distributions of larval and age-1+ fish was used to identify core areas where capelin consistently occur and concentrate. Capelin primarily occupy shelf waters near the Kodiak Archipelago, and are patchily distributed across the GOA shelf and inshore waters. Interannual variations in abundance along with spatio-temporal differences in density indicate that the availability of capelin to predators and monitoring surveys is highly variable in the GOA. We demonstrate that the limitations of individual data series can be compensated for by integrating multiple data sources to monitor fluctuations in distributions and abundance trends of an ecologically important species across a large marine ecosystem.

Langfristige Entwicklung von zwei Waldgesellschaften im Białowieża-Urwald

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Brzeziecki ◽  
Feliks Eugeniusz Bernadzki
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Long Term Study

The results of a long-term study on the natural forest dynamics of two forest communities on one sample plot within the Białowieża National Park in Poland are presented. The two investigated forest communities consist of the Pino-Quercetum and the Tilio-Carpinetum type with the major tree species Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula sp., Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and Carpinus betulus. The results reveal strong temporal dynamics of both forest communities since 1936 in terms of tree species composition and of general stand structure. The four major tree species Scots pine, birch, English oak and Norway spruce, which were dominant until 1936, have gradually been replaced by lime and hornbeam. At the same time, the analysis of structural parameters indicates a strong trend towards a homogenization of the vertical stand structure. Possible causes for these dynamics may be changes in sylviculture, climate change and atmospheric deposition. Based on the altered tree species composition it can be concluded that a simple ≪copying≫ (mimicking) of the processes taking place in natural forests may not guarantee the conservation of the multifunctional character of the respective forests.

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