Effect of fertilizer and cropping system on grain nutrient concentrations in spring wheat

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cover crops were grown in a rotation with broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), and turnip greens [Brassica rapa L. var. (DC.) Metzg. utilis] to evaluate the legume's ability to remove excess P from soils when poultry litter was used as a fertilizer. Fertilizer treatments were: 1) litter to meet each crop's recommended preplant N requirements (1×); 2) litter at twice the recommended rate (2×); and 3) urea at the 1× rate as the control. Following the vegetable crops, cowpeas were planted on half of each replication, while the other half was fallowed. The cowpeas were harvested at the green-shell seed stage and then underwent a simulated haying operation to remove remaining shoot material from the field. Soil samples were taken at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths at the onset of the study and after each crop to monitor plant nutrient concentrations. The cowpeas lowered soil test N concentrations at both soil sampling depths, but had no consistent effect on soil test P concentrations. Soil test P at the 0-15 cm depth was not increased by litter at the 1× rate but was increased by litter at the 2× rate relative to the urea control, regardless of cropping system. Poultry litter was effective as a fertilizer for all three vegetable crops, but the 1× rate appeared inadequate for maximum production of broccoli and turnip greens.

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Using Hairy Vetch to Manage Soil Phosphorus Accumulation from Poultry Litter Applications in a Warm-season Vegetable Rotation

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.37.3.490 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 490-495

Author(s):

Clydette M. Alsup ◽

Brian A. Kahn ◽

Mark E. Payton

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Cropping System ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Soil Test ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Hairy Vetch ◽

Soil Test P ◽

Vegetable Rotation

Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cover crops were grown in a rotation with sweet corn (Zea mays var. rugosa Bonaf.) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. Reticulatus group) to evaluate the legume's ability to remove excess P from soils when poultry litter was used as a fertilizer. Fertilizer treatments were: 1) litter to meet each crop's recommended preplant N requirements (1×); 2) litter at twice the recommended rate (2×); and 3) urea at the 1× rate as the control. Following the vegetable crops, hairy vetch was planted on half of each replication, while the other half was fallowed. The vetch was removed from the field in a simulated haying operation in the spring. Soil samples were taken at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths at the onset of the study and after each crop to monitor plant nutrient concentrations. The vetch sometimes raised soil test N concentrations at the 0-15 cm depth. Soil test P concentrations at the 0-15 cm sampling depth in the vetch system were consistently lower numerically, but not statistically, relative to comparable plots in the fallow system. Soil test P at the 0-15 cm depth was usually increased by litter at the 2× rate relative to the urea control, regardless of cropping system. Yields of both vegetable crops were similar among all cover crop and fertilizer treatments.

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Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Root Length Density and Yield of Spring Wheat in Permanent Raised-bed Cropping System

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1006.2017.01705 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (11) ◽

pp. 1705

Author(s):

Zhong-Ming MA ◽

Juan CHEN ◽

Ting-Ting LIU ◽

Xiao-Dong LYU

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Length Density ◽

Cropping System ◽

Raised Bed ◽

Nitrogen Coupling

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Impact of tillage on field pea following spring wheat

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps08086 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

pp. 281-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. M. Carr ◽

G. B. Martin ◽

R. D. Horsley

Keyword(s):

Great Plains ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Cropping System ◽

Field Pea ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

N Fixation ◽

The Us ◽

The Impact

Tillage is being reduced in semiarid regions. The impact of changing tillage practices on field pea (Pisum sativum L.) performance has not been considered in a major pea-producing area within the US northern Great Plains. A study was conducted from 2000 through 2005 to determine how field pea performance compared following spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in clean-till (CT), reduced-till (RT), and no-till (NT) systems arranged in a randomized complete block at Dickinson in southwestern North Dakota. Seed yield increased over 1600 kg ha-1 in 2000 and almost 400 kg ha-1 in 2003 under NT compared with CT, and by 960 kg ha-1 in 2000 under NT compared with RT (P < 0.05). Differences in seed yield were not detected between tillage systems in other years. Plant establishment was improved as tillage was reduced, averaging 66 plants m-2 under NT and RT compared with 60 plants m-2 under CT management. The soil water conservation that can occur after adopting NT may explain the increased seed yields that occurred in some years. These results suggest that field pea seed yield can be increased by eliminating tillage in semiarid areas of the US northern Great Plains, particularly when dry conditions develop and persist. Key words: Zero tillage, field pea, cropping system, N-fixation, legume

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Spring Wheat Yields Following Perennial Forages in a Semiarid No-Till Cropping System

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2018.01.0072 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 110 (6) ◽

pp. 2408-2416 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J.G. Franco ◽

S.E. Duke ◽

J.R. Hendrickson ◽

M.A. Liebig ◽

D.W. Archer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Cropping System ◽

No Till

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Relationship between yield and mineral nutrient concentrations in historical and modern spring wheat cultivars

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-008-9681-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 163 (3) ◽

pp. 381-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

Kevin M. Murphy ◽

Philip G. Reeves ◽

Stephen S. Jones

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Mineral Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Wheat Cultivars

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SORGHUM GRAIN AND STOVER NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS AS INFLUENCED BY TILLAGE, CROPPING SYSTEM AND SOIL AMENDMENT

International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Bioresearch ◽

10.35410/ijaeb.2021.5637 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 06 (03) ◽

pp. 184-198

Author(s):

ALE Siébou ◽

MASON Stephen C. ◽

TAONDA Sibiri Jean-Baptiste ◽

SERME Idriss ◽

SOHORO Adama

Keyword(s):

Soil Amendment ◽

Cropping System ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Sorghum Grain

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Nutrient loss from Saskatchewan cropland and pasture in spring snowmelt runoff

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss2012-042 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 445-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Barbara J. Cade-Menun ◽

Gordon Bell ◽

Samar Baker-Ismail ◽

Ymène Fouli ◽

Kyle Hodder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Cropping System ◽

Nutrient Loss ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Organic N ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Snowmelt Runoff ◽

Organic C ◽

P Loss ◽

Spring Snowmelt

Cade-Menun, B. J., Bell, G., Baker-Ismail, S., Fouli, Y., Hodder, K., McMartin, D. W., Perez-Valdivia, C. and Wu, K. 2013. Nutrient loss from Saskatchewan cropland and pasture in spring snowmelt runoff. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 445–458. To develop appropriate beneficial management practices (BMPs) for a watershed, it is essential to quantify the nutrients lost from agricultural fields and to identify the mechanisms of nutrient transport. To determine appropriate BMPs for a watershed in southeastern Saskatchewan, nutrient concentrations were measured in spring 2010 in snowmelt runoff from fertilized annual cropland (zero till) and perennial tame pastures. The majority of nutrient loss was in dissolved form, rather than as particulates. Significantly more nitrogen (N) was lost from pastures as dissolved ammonium than from cropland, while significantly more dissolved organic N was lost from croplands. Although there were no significant differences in total phosphorus (P) loss, there were significantly higher concentrations of dissolved reactive P in runoff from cropland, and significantly higher particulate P in runoff from pastures. Total carbon (C) in runoff was higher from cropland, due mainly to significantly higher dissolved organic C concentrations. Runoff from cropland contained significantly higher concentrations of dissolved potassium and sulfur, reflecting the fertilization of cropland fields with these nutrients. These preliminary results demonstrate that nutrients may be transported from agricultural lands by different mechanisms (e.g., in dissolved versus particulate forms) as a function of cropping system, requiring the development of specific types of BMPs to best control nutrient losses.

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