The influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on growth and production of juvenile coho salmon rearing in beaver ponds on the Copper River Delta, Alaska

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk W Lang ◽  
Gordon H Reeves ◽  
James D Hall ◽  
Mark S Wipfli
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beaver Ponds ◽  
Copper River Delta ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Salmon Carcasses

This study examined the influence of fall-spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) on the density, growth rate, body condition, and survival to outmigration of juvenile coho salmon on the Copper River Delta, Alaska, USA. During the fall of 1999 and 2000, fish rearing in beaver ponds that received spawning salmon were compared with fish from ponds that did not receive spawners and also with fish from ponds that were artificially enriched with salmon carcasses and eggs. The response to spawning salmon was variable. In some ponds, fall-spawning salmon increased growth rates and improved the condition of juvenile coho salmon. The enrichment with salmon carcasses and eggs significantly increased growth rates of fish in nonspawning ponds. However, there was little evidence that the short-term growth benefits observed in the fall led to greater overwinter growth or survival to outmigration when compared with fish from the nonspawning ponds. One potential reason for this result may be that nutrients from spawning salmon are widely distributed across the delta because of hydrologic connectivity and hyporheic flows. The relationship among spawning salmon, overwinter growth, and smolt production on the Copper River Delta does not appear to be limited entirely to a simple positive feedback loop.

Juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) responses to salmon carcasses and in-stream wood manipulations during winter and spring

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo R Giannico ◽  
Scott G Hinch
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Survival Pattern ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Fish Survival ◽  
Individual Body ◽  
Salmon Carcasses

We investigated the growth rate, winter survival, presmolt size, and emigration timing of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in response to salmon carcasses and in-stream wood. Experimental trials were conducted during two consecutive years and pre-winter fish size and densities differed between years. Sixteen pens with emigration traps were built in a side-channel of the Mamquam River, British Columbia. Pens were randomly assigned salmon carcasses, in-stream wood, both carcasses and in-stream wood, or neither (control). Our first trial was conducted between December 1996 and August 1997 and the second between December 1997 and August 1998. Initial rearing densities and average individual body mass were 3.1 fish·m–2 and 2.4 g, respectively, in the first trial and were 1.6 fish·m–2 and 6.6 g, respectively, in the second trial. Results were influenced by both fish initial size and density. During the first trial (smaller-sized fish at high densities), salmon carcasses increased fish growth rates and presmolt size. Winter survival did not increase in response to any treatment; however, a pre-winter size-related survival pattern was observed during the first trial. During the second trial, (larger-sized fish at low densities), no treatment influenced fish growth rates or presmolt size but all treatments augmented fish survival.

Influence of Bovine Growth Hormone and L-Thyroxine on Growth, Muscle Composition, and Histological Structure of the Gonads, Thyroid, Pancreas, and Pituitary of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1585-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Higgs ◽  
Edward M. Donaldson ◽  
Helen M. Dye ◽  
J. R. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Poor Growth

Groups of underyearling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were acclimated to 10 C well water and a photoperiod of 12 h L:12 h D. Excess ration (Oregon Moist Pellet) was presented daily. Doses of bovine growth hormone (5, 10, 20, 30, or 90 μg bGH/g body wt) and L-thyroxine (0.5, 5, or 30 μg T4/g) were administered over a period of 84 days (phase I) either by injection (via dorsal musculature or peritoneal cavity) or by hormone cholesterol implants into the muscle. Administration frequency of bGH and T4 was such (range 2 times/wk-1 time/3 wk) that fish theoretically received either 10 or 30 μg bGH/g per wk or 1 or 10 μg T4/g per wk. Control fish received either alkaline saline (pH 9.5) or a cholesterol pellet. After cessation of treatment the fish were observed for an additional 84 days (phase II). During phase I, growth rates (weight) for bGH fish (2.0–2.4% per day) and for T4 fish (0.97–1.1% per day) were significantly higher than those of control fish (0.42–0.59% per day). Among bGH fish, dorsal musculature injection (2 times/wk) was significantly more effective than intraperitoneal injection (1 time/2 wk).Increases in weight above control for bGH fish at 84 days ranged from 220 to 369%. Those for T4 fish extended from 47 to 78%. In phase II, control fish growth rates were higher (0.61–0.67% per day) than those for bGH fish (0.47–0.57% per day) and T4 fish (0.32–0.44% per day). Administration of bGH and T4 (high dose) caused a progressive decline in condition factor of fish from the control range. This trend was stopped and reversed in phase II.At 84 days, generally no significant differences were detected among groups for percentages of muscle water. However, some groups had significantly higher (bGH) and others lower (T4) percentages of muscle protein relative to those of control fish. Also, significant increases (T4) and decreases (bGH) in muscle lipid percentages were found. Hormone treatment altered the histological structure of the ovary, thyroid, exocrine (T4) and endocrine (bGH) pancreas, and somatotrop cells (T4) of the pituitary. A poor growth response was noted for two groups of coho administered bGH after acclimation to sea water.

Changes in Territorial, Gill-flaring, and Feeding Behavior in Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) following Short-term Pulses of Suspended Sediment

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1410-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Berg ◽  
T. G. Northcote
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dominance Hierarchies ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Laboratory Stream

The territorial, gill-flaring, and feeding behavior of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in a laboratory stream was disrupted by short-term exposure to suspended sediment pulses. At the higher turbidities tested (30 and 60 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)), dominance hierarchies broke down, territories were not defended, and gill flaring occurred more frequently. Only after return to lower turbidities (0–20 NTU) was social organization reestablished. The reaction distance of the fish to adult brine shrimp decreased significantly in turbid water (30 and 60 NTU) as did capture success per strike and the percentage of prey ingested. Implications of these behavioral modifications suggest that the fitness of salmonid populations exposed to short-term pulses of suspended sediment may be impaired.

SELECTION ON INCREASED INTRINSIC GROWTH RATES IN COHO SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH

Evolution ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fredrik Sundström ◽  
Mare Lõhmus ◽  
Robert H. Devlin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch

Two generations of outbreeding in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch): effects on size and growth

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2538-2547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin K McClelland ◽  
James M Myers ◽  
Jeffrey J Hard ◽  
Linda K Park ◽  
Kerry A Naish
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Two Generations

Outbreeding is a potential genetic risk in Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) when aquaculture practices introduce nonnative domesticated fish to wild environments, making interbreeding with wild populations possible. In this study, F1 and F2 hybrid families of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were created using a captive freshwater aquaculture strain and a locally derived hatchery population that is integrated with naturally spawning fish. Intermediate growth was detected in F1 and F2 hybrids from crosses reared in captivity; both generations had mean weight and length values between those of the parent populations after their first year (p < 0.05). In the early life history stages, maternal effects increased alevin growth in progeny of hatchery dams relative to those of captive dams (p < 0.001). Aquaculture control families showed greater growth rates than hybrids in late summer of their 1st year and in the following spring (p < 0.05), while the hatchery controls had lower growth rates during the first summer (p < 0.05). Line cross analysis indicated that changes in additive and dominance interactions, but not unfavorable epistatic interactions, likely explain the differences in weight, length, and growth rate observed in hybrids of these stocks of coho salmon.

An Investigation of the Relationship Between Oregon Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Hatchery Releases and Adult Production Utilizing Law of the Minimum Regression

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Clark ◽  
Bruce McCarl
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Regression Technique ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Simple Simulation ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines aggregate relationships between coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) adult production and hatchery releases within the Oregon Index Area (OIA). Previous analyses have indicated the presence of density dependence, and concluded with a request for a reduction in hatchery smolt releases. The hypothesis that density dependence is exhibited in the OIA is tested via a broad correlation approach. Several regression models are used including one unique one in fisheries research based on limiting factors.Analysis was done on the fitted regression equations including a simple simulation of release policies. Neither significant density dependence nor a statistically supportable technical maximum for smolt releases was found. The limiting factors regression technique generally gives the best results of all the models employed, and thus appears potentially useful in this type of fisheries work.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION AND TWO TYPES OF SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN CHLORPYRIFOS-EXPOSED COHO SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH)

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Tierney ◽  
Matt Casselman ◽  
Scott Takeda ◽  
Tony Farrell ◽  
Chris Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
The Relationship

Effects of Logging on Size and Age Composition of Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Density of Presmolts in Southeast Alaska Streams

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1383-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Thedinga ◽  
Michael L. Murphy ◽  
Jonathan Heifetz ◽  
K V. Koski ◽  
Scott W. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Northern Regions

Short-term effects of logging on age composition and size of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were studied in 18 streams in Southeast Alaska in 1982 and 1983; studies were in old-growth and clear-cut reaches with or without buffer strips. The number of fry (age 0) in summer and winter was proportionately higher in buffered and clear-cut reaches than in old-growth reaches, and all treatments averaged a 20% decrease in fry from summer to winter. Fry length and condition factor were greater for buffered and clear-cut reaches than for old-growth reaches, whereas parr (age 1 and older) size did not differ among treatments. Fry and parr were larger in the southern than in the northern regions and their length and weight were directly related to peripbyton biomass and benthos density. A higher percentage of large [Formula: see text] fry remained in buffered reaches than in clear-cut and old-growth reaches; therefore, the density of fry that were potentially large enough to become smolts the next spring (presmolts) was greater in buffered reaches. The larger fry in buffered and clear-cut reaches compared with old-growth reaches was probably due to earlier fry emergence that resulted from increased water temperature.

Comparison of growth rates between growth hormone transgenic and selectively-bred domesticated strains of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) assessed under different culture conditions

Aquaculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
pp. 735468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh P. Gaffney ◽  
Rosalind A. Leggatt ◽  
Annette F. Muttray ◽  
Dionne Sakhrani ◽  
Carlo A. Biagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Culture Conditions

Growth-enhanced transgenic salmon can be inferior swimmers

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Farrell ◽  
William Bennett ◽  
Robert H. Devlin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Transgenic Fish ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Critical Swimming Speed ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Physiological Fitness

We examined the consequence of remarkably fast growth rates in transgenic fish, using swimming performance as a physiological fitness variable. Substantially faster growth rates were achieved by the insertion of an "all-salmon" growth hormone gene construct in transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). On an absolute speed basis, transgenic fish swam no faster at their critical swimming speed than smaller non-transgenic controls, and much slower than older non-transgenic controls of the same size. Thus, we find a marked trade-off between growth rate and swimming performance, and these results suggest that transgenic fish may be an excellent model to evaluate existing ideas regarding physiological design.

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