Respiration of Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus) From a High Arctic Lake

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Holeton
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Arctic Lake ◽  
Wet Weight

The routine of resting oxygen consumption of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from a high arctic lake (74°42′N) was measured at 2 (acclimated) and 6 C (unacclimated). The oxygen uptake versus wet weight relation at 2 C was: Log O2 uptake = 0.7316 Log weight – 1.0944. Oxygen uptake was low, not showing any evidence of "cold adaptation," and was comparable to projections of oxygen uptake versus temperature relations of other salmonid fish from lower latitudes.The short term metabolic response to a rise in temperature of 4 C was independent of body size except with fish with yolk sacs and weighing less than 0.125 g.

Metazoan parasites of arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus L.) in a high arctic, landlocked lake in Canada

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Cornwallis Island

Seven species of parasitic metazoans were found in 71 arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus L.) taken in Char Lake, Cornwallis Island, N.W.T., Canada (74°42′ N, 94°50′ W): Tetraonchus alaskensis (Monogenea); Diphyllobothrium sp. (plerocercoids), Eubothrium salvelini, Eubothrium sp., and Proteocephalus longicollis (Cestoidea); Cystidicola cristivomeri (Nematoda) and Salmincola edwardsii (Crustacea: Copepoda). Except for S. edwardsii these reports, from a population of S. alpinus which is confined to fresh water, constitute new northerly distribution records for North America. Reports of P. longicollis and C. cristivomeri from S. alpinus in Canada have not been published previously.

The Oxygen Consumption of Flies During Flight

1940 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. DAVIS ◽  
G. FRAENKEL
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Lucilia Sericata ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Wet Weight

A method is described by which the oxygen uptake of the blow-fly, Lucilia sericata Mg., was measured during flight manometrically in a Warburg and in a Barcroft type of apparatus. The average oxygen consumption in air for all the flies used was 95·580 c.c. per g. wet weight per hour. When flying in pure oxygen the rate of oxygen consumption showed no significant difference; in oxygen-nitrogen mixtures, containing 10 and 5% oxygen, the rate was considerably less than in air.

Maximal versus sub-maximal effort during cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adults with congenital heart disease: outcome analysis of short-term cardiac-related events

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bibhuti B. Das ◽  
Aliana Godoy ◽  
Talya Kadish ◽  
Jianli Niu
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Adult Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Congenital ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope

Abstract Peak respiratory exchange ratio is an objective marker of patient effort during cardiopulmonary exercise testing. We evaluated exercise variables in 175 adult congenital heart disease patients and the impact of respiratory exchange ratio on the prognostic value of exercise variables for short-term cardiac-related events. Of 175 patients, 110 completed the exercise test with a peak respiratory exchange ratio of ≥1.10 and the remaining 65 had a peak respiratory exchange ratio of <1.10. Peak oxygen consumption, the percentage of oxygen consumption at the ventilatory threshold, peak heart rate, percentage predicted peak heart rate, double product, oxygen uptake efficiency slope, and the number of patients with exercise oscillatory ventilation were reduced significantly in patients with a respiratory exchange ratio of <1.10 compared to those with a respiratory exchange ratio of ≥1.10. After a median follow-up of 21 months, total cardiac-related events occurred in 37 (21%) patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that the percentage predicted peak oxygen consumption, and oxygen uptake efficiency slope were independent predictors of cardiac-related events only in patients with a peak respiratory exchange ratio of ≥1.10. Sub-maximal exercise performance can be preserved in adult congenital heart disease patients. The percentage predicted oxygen consumption and the oxygen uptake efficiency slope are two independent predictors for short-term cardiac-related events in adult congenital heart disease patients.

Nonshivering thermogenesis induced by repetitive cooling of spinal cord in the rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 230 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Banet ◽  
H Hensel
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
White Male ◽  
Metabolic Effect ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Nonshivering Thermogenesis ◽  
Experimental Animals

The effect of prolonged and repetitive cooling of the spinal cord on the sensitivity to the metabolic effect of exogenous noradrenaline and on the resistance to cold exposure was studied in the white male rat. The spinal cord of 10 animals was cooled for an average of 90 h-9 h/day 5 days/wk - to a level that induced an increase in oxygen uptake of almost 70%. Oxygen consumption was then measured at 30 degrees C before and 1 h after a subcutaneous injection of noradrenaline (0.4 mg/kg). Following the noradrenaline injection, the experimental animals increased oxygen uptake by 71%, while the control ones increased it by only 33% (P less than 0.01). During exposure to -20 degrees C, the experimental animals, despite their increased capacity for nonshivering thermogenesis, did not maintain rectal temperature longer than the control ones, thus showing that other factors also play a significant role in cold adaptation in the rat.

Cannibalism and trophic structure in a high Arctic lake: insights from stable-isotope analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1195-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Harold E. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Small Fish

Stable-nitrogen (15N/14N) isotope ratios (from 2.1‰ in moss to 14.5‰ in Arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus), showed enrichment with trophic level in the food web of Char Lake, Northwest Territories, and may be used to infer trophic position. The average 15N enrichment of 1.5‰ between moss or algae and invertebrates suggests input to the food web of isotopically lighter nitrogen than that measured for these sources of primary production. Stable-carbon (13C/12C) isotope ratios differed between moss and algae by almost 10‰ and indicate that carbon in the Char Lake food web is derived from a blend of these sources of primary production. Arctic char δ15N values for muscle tissue were positively correlated with fork length and clustered into three distinct groups: small fish (1–3 cm, mean δ15N = 5.7‰), which possibly consumed more benthic particles than previously assumed; intermediate-size fish (10–35 cm, mean δ15N = 10‰), which likely depended on larval char as well as their primary zooplankton and chironomid prey; and larger Arctic char, which showed a mean stepwise increase in δ15N of 3.7‰. This suggests that complete cannibalism in this population generally occurs abruptly and is exercised by a relatively small number of large individuals.

scholarly journals Intermediary metabolism of Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus during short-term salinity exposure

2007 ◽  
Vol 210 (11) ◽  
pp. 1971-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Bystriansky ◽  
N. T. Frick ◽  
J. S. Ballantyne
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Intermediary Metabolism ◽  
Short Term

Depressing effects of calcium antagonists on oxygen consumption in isolated skeletal muscle during potassium depolarization

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Calcium Antagonists ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Potassium Depolarization ◽  
Dantrolene Sodium ◽  
Ringer’S Solution ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Frog Sartorius

The effects of two Ca2+-antagonizing drugs, dantrolene sodium (DAN) and TMB-8, on subcontracture, K+-induced increased oxygen consumption were studied in isolated frog sartorius muscles. Incubation in Ringer's solution +18 mM KCl caused a marked increase in averaged resting oxygen uptake (52.8 ± 4.1 to 278.2 ± 20.0 mm3∙g−1∙h−1). Incubation in Ringer 's +18 mM KCl containing either 0.116 mM TMB-8 or 0.035 mM DAN resulted in a significant reduction in the averaged metabolic response (264.4 ± 30.8 (control) vs. 142.3 ± 19.0 (TMB-8) vs. 72.2 ± 3.4 (DAN)). The results suggest that the enhanced metabolic rate observed upon elevating extracellular [K+] to just below contracture levels is due to increased intracellular Ca2+ release.

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