Management Alternatives and Strategic Planning for Canada's Fisheries

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Fisheries Economics ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Fisheries Policy ◽  
Management Alternatives

The evils of operating Canada's commercial and recreational fisheries under open-access conditions were known before Confederation. Early recognition of these ills did not lead to an understanding of the basic problems nor to long-term solutions. In the early 1950s the first economic model was developed that articulated the underlying causes of excess capacity and the tendency of overexploitation in open-access fisheries. This was followed by a number of studies that explored the relationship between the biological reproductive capacity of a fishery and the economic consequences of managing publicly owned resources under open-access conditions. This early work provides a general framework from which a number of fisheries management alternatives emerge. Each of six management alternatives, which are implicit in policy for Canada's commercial fisheries, are assessed in terms of political acceptability, administrative feasibility, and effectiveness. It is emphasized that the responsibility of a government fisheries agency is to manage fisheries resources in the best interest of the owners of the resource – the nation's taxpayers. A properly implemented license control system would dissipate, rather than perpetuate, social and economic hardship among fishermen. This misplaced concern for unproven social problems often leads fisheries managers to support programs that sacrifice all the benefits that could be generated from the resource and the resource itself. A management scheme is recommended that encompasses a simple licensing system, a tax or a royalty on catch, and a limited variation of the "Grandfather System." The combination of these three incorporates the main advantages of most management alternatives while avoiding most of their main shortcomings. A carefully implemented program that accounts for economic and biological considerations would improve the efficiency of the industry, improve fishermen's incomes, minimize social disruptions, help to instill an environmental conscience, protect the resource, and induce less, rather than more, government intervention into the free operation of the fishing industry. Probably more important, the program would generate an economic return for the people of Canada. Key words: overcapitalization, open-access fisheries, fisheries economics, fisheries management, fisheries policy, fish licensing, license limitation, fish royalties, tax on fish landings

scholarly journals KONSEP HAK PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Halim ◽  
Budy Wiryawan ◽  
Neil R Loneragan ◽  
M. Fedi A Sondita ◽  
Adrian Hordyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Right

Pengelolaan perikanan di Indonesia saat ini belum sepenuhnya mampu mengatasi motivasi perlombaan menangkap ikan. Kondisi yang dikenal sebagai open access ini, perlu segera diatasi untuk mencegah berlanjutnya tangkap lebih. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konsep Hak Pengelolaan Perikanan (HPP), yang berpotensi diterapkan sebagai alat pengelolaan perikanan termasuk yang berada dekat pantai di Indonesia untuk mengatasi masalah perikanan open access. Metoda qualitative content analysis yang ditriangulasi melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus melibatkan para ahli, pengambil keputusan dan praktisi, digunakan untuk menjelaskan konsep HPP di Indonesia. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pengelolaan HPP melegitimasi entitas pemegang HPP mengamankan kesempatannya menangkap ikan secara ekslusif dengan mencegah pihak lain mengeksploitasi sumber daya ikan secara berlebihan. Pembelajaran dari negara lain menunjukkan bahwa HPP yang diintegrasikan kedalam kerangka rencana pengelolaan perikanan, bisa mengatasi permasalahan perikanan open access, karena mampu meredam motivasi dan tindakan nelayan dalam melakukan perlombaan menangkap ikan. Penggunaan ilmu pengetahuan kontemporer dan kearifan lokal dalam menentukan batasan tangkapan lestari dibarengi dengan upaya pemantauan dan penegakan aturan menentukan keberhasilan penerapannya. Terlihat juga bahwa praktek tradisional seperti Sasi di Maluku yang dimungkinkan oleh adanya pengakuan hak ulayat ‘petuanan laut’ merupakan konsep pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara eksklusif yang selaras dengan esensi dari HPP. Direkomendasikan agar model pengelolaan berbasis HPP ini dilegitimasi kedalam peraturan perundang-undangan, termasuk Undang-Undang Perikanan Republik Indonesia. The existing management measures of Indonesian fisheries has not yet successfully resolved the overfishing. Fishers are still motivated to race for fish resources as typically occurs in an open access fisheries. This circumstance must be addressed immediately to prevent fisheries collapse. This research aims to describe a concept of Fisheries Management Rights (FMRs) as a management tool. This concept is potentially applicable in Indonesia, especially for near-shore fisheries. A qualitative content analysis method, triangulated through focus group discussions that involved experts, decision makers and practitioners was used to describe FMRs concept. The results indicated that this approach legitimizes the entities of the right holders to secure their exploitation right and to prevent others from over exploiting their fisheries resources. Lessons learnt from other countries showed that this approach that have been  integrated within fisheries management plan, successfully addressed open access problem as it prevents fishers’ motivation to the race for fish. This approach need the contemporary and traditional sciences to inform allowable catch to ensure the success implementation. For instance, “Sasi”, traditional fishing right in Maluku  is have similar framework with the contemporary FMRs. Therefore, FMRs should be acknowledged and adopted into Indonesian’ regulations to prevent the over-exploitation

An Analysis of Small-Scale Fisheries Management Status by Focusing on Degrading Fisheries Resources in the Sundarbans

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-213
Author(s):  
Indrajit Pal ◽  
Afshana Parven ◽  
Md. Ashik-Ur-Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Sofi Ullah ◽  
Khan Ferdousour Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
The Sundarbans

Urban and Community Fisheries Programs: Development, Management, and Evaluation

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
Development Management ◽  
Fishery Resources ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Community Fisheries

<em>Abstract.—</em>Urban and community fishing (UCF) projects are viewed as a way to provide easily accessible fishing opportunities to an increasingly urbanized society, thereby retaining and recruiting anglers and maintaining support for conservation of fisheries resources. Nearby, out-of-city fishery resources provide an option for development of UCF opportunities by municipalities lacking aquatic resources that can support recreational fishing. Examples of out-of-city fishing sites used as part of UCF projects in eight states are summarized. These out-of-city fishery resources not only provide relatively accessible fishing opportunities, but they also provide more diverse and often more natural fishing experiences. This diversity of fishing experiences may be useful for satisfying a broader angler constituency and aiding the transition of anglers from urban to more traditional, rural fisheries. Inclusion of out-of-city fishery resources in UCF programs can benefit from partnerships between state fisheries management agencies and municipal agencies and organizations.

scholarly journals Fisheries management and institutional reform: a European perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Symes
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Institutional Reform ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Fisheries Governance ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Fisheries Policy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues

Abstract Symes, D. 2007. Fisheries management and institutional reform: a European perspective. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 779–785. Changes to the institutional frameworks that help shape fisheries policy-making are typically incremental and piecemeal, with governments content to tinker at the edges, but rarely willing to embrace fundamental reform. The present study outlines the nature of institutional frameworks and explores the need to ensure coherence across different scales of governance. Co-management and participative governance are commonly regarded as important recent developments. Although they may well satisfy notions of “good governance”, their ability to deliver better policy, more effective management, and sustainable fisheries is open to question. In the search to improve the efficacy of fisheries management, three key issues are identified: restructuring of co-management organizations, clarification of property rights, and development of an ecosystem-based approach. Finally, attention is drawn to the challenge to fisheries governance posed by moves towards integrated management.

scholarly journals Highly mixed fisheries: fine-scale spatial patterns in retained catches of French fisheries in the Celtic Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mateo ◽  
Lionel Pawlowski ◽  
Marianne Robert
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Fisheries Policy ◽  
Celtic Sea

Efficiency of mixed-fisheries management and operational implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management rely on the ability to understand and describe the technical and biological interactions between fleets, gears and species. The present study aims to describe fine-scale spatial patterns of the French demersal mixed fisheries in the Celtic Sea and discusses their implications in terms of management. Analysis was made by integrating vessel monitoring systems and logbook data collected between 2010 and 2012 at a 3′*3′ spatial scale through the use of principal component analysis followed by hierarchical clustering. It revealed spatial regions defined by a distinct homogeneous composition of retained catches. Each cluster was also described in terms of the fishing activity: vessel length, effort, power and gear used. The analysis revealed a complex spatial structure in the species assemblage caught and suggests that a single situation cannot describe the mixed fisheries of the Celtic Sea, but rather that there are several distinct cases of mixed fisheries. Our results also highlight the limitations of using the current level of data aggregation commonly requested in international data calls to model these fisheries and suggest that improvements should be made to ensure efficient evaluation of management options. Analyses of spatially resolved fisheries data such as the one presented here open a range of potential applications. In the context of the Common Fisheries Policy reform and the landing obligation, comparison of our results with applications of the same methodology to a subset of vulnerable species or to catches of fish below the minimum conservation reference size would help to identify the geographical areas to avoid and assess potential effort reallocation strategies based on groups of target species.

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