KONSEP HAK PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA

Pengelolaan perikanan di Indonesia saat ini belum sepenuhnya mampu mengatasi motivasi perlombaan menangkap ikan. Kondisi yang dikenal sebagai open access ini, perlu segera diatasi untuk mencegah berlanjutnya tangkap lebih. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konsep Hak Pengelolaan Perikanan (HPP), yang berpotensi diterapkan sebagai alat pengelolaan perikanan termasuk yang berada dekat pantai di Indonesia untuk mengatasi masalah perikanan open access. Metoda qualitative content analysis yang ditriangulasi melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus melibatkan para ahli, pengambil keputusan dan praktisi, digunakan untuk menjelaskan konsep HPP di Indonesia. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pengelolaan HPP melegitimasi entitas pemegang HPP mengamankan kesempatannya menangkap ikan secara ekslusif dengan mencegah pihak lain mengeksploitasi sumber daya ikan secara berlebihan. Pembelajaran dari negara lain menunjukkan bahwa HPP yang diintegrasikan kedalam kerangka rencana pengelolaan perikanan, bisa mengatasi permasalahan perikanan open access, karena mampu meredam motivasi dan tindakan nelayan dalam melakukan perlombaan menangkap ikan. Penggunaan ilmu pengetahuan kontemporer dan kearifan lokal dalam menentukan batasan tangkapan lestari dibarengi dengan upaya pemantauan dan penegakan aturan menentukan keberhasilan penerapannya. Terlihat juga bahwa praktek tradisional seperti Sasi di Maluku yang dimungkinkan oleh adanya pengakuan hak ulayat ‘petuanan laut’ merupakan konsep pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara eksklusif yang selaras dengan esensi dari HPP. Direkomendasikan agar model pengelolaan berbasis HPP ini dilegitimasi kedalam peraturan perundang-undangan, termasuk Undang-Undang Perikanan Republik Indonesia. The existing management measures of Indonesian fisheries has not yet successfully resolved the overfishing. Fishers are still motivated to race for fish resources as typically occurs in an open access fisheries. This circumstance must be addressed immediately to prevent fisheries collapse. This research aims to describe a concept of Fisheries Management Rights (FMRs) as a management tool. This concept is potentially applicable in Indonesia, especially for near-shore fisheries. A qualitative content analysis method, triangulated through focus group discussions that involved experts, decision makers and practitioners was used to describe FMRs concept. The results indicated that this approach legitimizes the entities of the right holders to secure their exploitation right and to prevent others from over exploiting their fisheries resources. Lessons learnt from other countries showed that this approach that have been integrated within fisheries management plan, successfully addressed open access problem as it prevents fishers’ motivation to the race for fish. This approach need the contemporary and traditional sciences to inform allowable catch to ensure the success implementation. For instance, “Sasi”, traditional fishing right in Maluku is have similar framework with the contemporary FMRs. Therefore, FMRs should be acknowledged and adopted into Indonesian’ regulations to prevent the over-exploitation

Download Full-text

One Fish, Two Fish, Few Fish, No Fish: Regional Fisheries Management Organisations, IUU Fishing and High Seas Fisheries Management

10.26686/wgtn.16992433.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Aaron Irving

Keyword(s):

Fisheries Management ◽

International Community ◽

Fisheries Resources ◽

Iuu Fishing ◽

State Compliance ◽

State Of Affairs ◽

The Right ◽

The Unclos ◽

Flag State ◽

High Seas

<p>The World's fisheries are in a desperate state, they have been utilised to a point where a majority of the fisheries resources are fully exploited. In addition to overfishing, the responsibility of the sad state of affairs of the world's High Seas' fish stocks can be put down to inefficient management. The high seas fisheries regime is dominated by two powerful, tried, tested and consented to norms: the principle of freedom of fishing on the high seas and the principle of exclusive flag state jurisdiction over flagged vessels on the high seas. These Grotius norms (unintentionally) obstruct effective and meaningful high seas fisheries management, and have enabled unscrupulous states and actors to take advantage of the lacunae created by the UNCLOS High Seas fisheries framework and engage in IUU fishing which has resulted in a tragedy of the high seas commons. Furthermore these norms have a 'hobbling' effect on RFMOS and coastal states alike, and leave them almost powerless to ensure flag-state compliance with their sustainable fishing measures without the consent of the flag state, and totally unable to enforce its measures directly on that flagged vessel. Thus in the absence of an express reference to the superiority of coastal state rights over those of high seas fishing states, freedom of high seas fishing prevails. However the international community armed with weaker UNCLOS obligations of conservation and co-operation and have fought the good fight, and in lightening speed have constructed a normative framework that is additional to but consistent and complimentary with the UNCLOS regime. With the use of port state measures, voluntary instruments that codify responsible fisheries practice, surveillance and the denial of the right to land IUU fish – the fight is gradually beginning to turn in favour of the international community.</p>

Download Full-text

Experience of Information Provision at the Stroke Unit From the Perspective of Relatives to Stroke Survivors

Rehabilitation Process and Outcome ◽

10.1177/1179572720947086 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 117957272094708

Author(s):

Linda Kristensson ◽

Ann Björkdahl

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Stroke Unit ◽

Information Needs ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Information Provision ◽

Stroke Survivor ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

The Right

Introduction: Stroke not only affects the stroke survivor, it also significantly affects their families. Given the important supportive role that relatives of stroke survivor have, they should receive information that helps them plan and cope with the new situation. The objective of the study was to explore how relatives to stroke survivors perceived the information provided by the stroke unit. Methods: This qualitative study was based on extensive semi-structured interviews with an inductive approach. A heterogeneous convenience sample of relatives to stroke survivor (n=14) was selected. Qualitative content analysis served to analyze the transcribed interview texts. Results: The content analysis yielded four categories, each with 2–3 subcategories. The overall theme was “to be acknowledged or not”: it encompassed the underlying meaning and the relationships between the categories. The four categories were as follows: shifting information needs; striving for information; lacking of continuity and structure; and taking part and being acknowledged. Conclusions: The study highlighted that the relatives of stroke survivors have a strong need for information and showed that the relatives experienced that they did not always feel satisfactorily informed and supported by the healthcare professionals in the stroke unit. A challenge for the healthcare professionals was to be able to give the right information at the right time and in the appropriate way. The study also showed that when the relatives were acknowledged and invited to participate in the rehabilitation process, they were less anxious of the discharge.

Download Full-text

Management Alternatives and Strategic Planning for Canada's Fisheries

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f78-166 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 1017-1030 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

William F. Sinclair

Keyword(s):

Open Access ◽

Fisheries Management ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Best Interest ◽

Fisheries Economics ◽

Fisheries Resources ◽

Fisheries Policy ◽

Management Alternatives

The evils of operating Canada's commercial and recreational fisheries under open-access conditions were known before Confederation. Early recognition of these ills did not lead to an understanding of the basic problems nor to long-term solutions. In the early 1950s the first economic model was developed that articulated the underlying causes of excess capacity and the tendency of overexploitation in open-access fisheries. This was followed by a number of studies that explored the relationship between the biological reproductive capacity of a fishery and the economic consequences of managing publicly owned resources under open-access conditions. This early work provides a general framework from which a number of fisheries management alternatives emerge. Each of six management alternatives, which are implicit in policy for Canada's commercial fisheries, are assessed in terms of political acceptability, administrative feasibility, and effectiveness. It is emphasized that the responsibility of a government fisheries agency is to manage fisheries resources in the best interest of the owners of the resource – the nation's taxpayers. A properly implemented license control system would dissipate, rather than perpetuate, social and economic hardship among fishermen. This misplaced concern for unproven social problems often leads fisheries managers to support programs that sacrifice all the benefits that could be generated from the resource and the resource itself. A management scheme is recommended that encompasses a simple licensing system, a tax or a royalty on catch, and a limited variation of the "Grandfather System." The combination of these three incorporates the main advantages of most management alternatives while avoiding most of their main shortcomings. A carefully implemented program that accounts for economic and biological considerations would improve the efficiency of the industry, improve fishermen's incomes, minimize social disruptions, help to instill an environmental conscience, protect the resource, and induce less, rather than more, government intervention into the free operation of the fishing industry. Probably more important, the program would generate an economic return for the people of Canada. Key words: overcapitalization, open-access fisheries, fisheries economics, fisheries management, fisheries policy, fish licensing, license limitation, fish royalties, tax on fish landings

Download Full-text

ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA ARAB PADA SKRIPSI MAHASISWA JURUSAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA ARAB

Arabi Journal of Arabic Studies ◽

10.24865/ajas.v3i1.62 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Haniah Haniah

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Writing Skills ◽

Analysis Approach ◽

Improving Writing ◽

The Right ◽

Phonological Errors ◽

Writing Errors ◽

Academic Year

This study aims to describe and explore: 1) Forms of hamzah writing errors, phonological errors, morphology, syntax and semantics in the students’ thesis that are further evaluated and improved. 2) Factors causing language errors in students’ thesis. 3) Solution to solve the problem of language error in writing thesis. This study used a qualitative content analysis approach to language errors on 3 thesis samples of academic year 2015/2016. The results showed that there was a mistake in writing the hamzah at the beginning of the word on the hamzah qath'i and hamzah washl, as well as in the middle of the word is the misplacement of alif or waw or nibrah letters under the hamzah. The solution offered was the need for Arabic learning innovation by faculty, students refer back to mu'jam in choosing the right words, improving writing skills with continuous practice, and seriousness in writing thesis.

Download Full-text

Using Fishers Knowledge in Community Based Fisheries Management in the River Nun Estuary, Niger Delta

Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research ◽

10.2478/trser-2018-0014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 75-84

Author(s):

Sabina Ngodigha ◽

Roland Gbarabe ◽

Ayeibatonworio Augustine

Keyword(s):

Fisheries Management ◽

Niger Delta ◽

Management Practices ◽

River Estuary ◽

Mesh Size ◽

Community Based ◽

Fisheries Resources ◽

The People ◽

Resources Conservation ◽

Over Exploitation

Abstract A study of fishers’ knowledge in community based fisheries management practices in the Nun River estuary were conducted to assess the contribution of fishers’ knowledge to fisheries resources conservation. The total number of fishers that operated in the area were 390, and 221 fishers were interviewed based on a minimum of 10 years fishing experience using the socio-ecological approach. The laws introduced are banned on the use of mesh size less than five cm and banned on chemical fishing. Fishers caught using chemicals to fish were arrested and handed over to the police for prosecution. The management method has enhanced conservation of fisheries’ resources, which is a major source of livelihood for the people. It is therefore pertinent to introduce community based laws to check over exploitation of fisheries’ resources in fishing communities in the Niger Delta.

Download Full-text

An Indigenous-led Community Challenge to Fisheries Management in New Zealand: the Revival of Regional Scale Management Practices?

Pacific Conservation Biology ◽

10.1071/pc080248 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 248 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adele L.H. Whyte ◽

James J. Bell ◽

Kristina M. Ramstad ◽

Jonathan P. A. Gardner

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Fisheries Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Sustainable Utilization ◽

Modern Management ◽

Fisheries Resources ◽

Sustainable Exploitation ◽

The World ◽

Over Exploitation

Marine, coastal and freshwater fisheries are culturally, ecologically, recreationally and economically important in New Zealand (NZ) and across the world. Over-exploitation of stocks has resulted in declining catches, particularly in the last 50 years, which has signalled the need for strategies to protect these valuable resources, while allowing sustainable exploitation (Pauly 1995; Jackson et. al. 2001; Myers and Worm 2003; Hutchings and Reynolds 2004; Hilborn 2006, 2007). This article outlines an ambitious and novel community-led approach to engage regional stakeholders in local fisheries management, initiated and led by Ng�ti Kahungunu (a M�ori iwi or tribal grouping) in NZ. This initiative is a significant move away from today?s highly centralised national form of fisheries management, and is a step towards a regional form of management that is led by the community for the benefit of the community (e.g., Govan et al. 2006). As such, this proposal represents a challenge to modern management practices, but more importantly it may represent the future for the sustainable utilization of fisheries resources.

Download Full-text

Major Challenges and Barriers in Clinical Decision-making as Perceived by Emergency Medical Services Personnel: A Qualitative Content Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-92191/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mostafa bijani ◽

Saeed Abedi ◽

Shahnaz Karimi ◽

Banafsheh Tehranineshat

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Emergency Care ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Organizational Management ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Critical Conditions ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Having to work in unpredictable and critical conditions, emergency care services (EMS) personnel experience complicated situations at the scene of accidents which, inevitably, influence their clinical decisions. There is a lack of research into the challenges which these professionals encounter. Accordingly, the present study aims to explore the major challenges and barriers which affect clinical decision-making from the perspective of EMS personnel. Methods: The present study is a qualitative work with a content analysis approach. Selected via purposeful sampling, the subjects were 25 members of the EMC personnel in Iran who met the inclusion criteria. The study lasted from December 2019 to July 2020. Sampling was maintained to the point of data saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured, in-depth, individual interviews. The collected data were analyzed via qualitative content analysis. Results: 4 main categories—professional capabilities, occupational and environmental factors, inefficient organizational management, and ethical issues—and 23 subcategories were extracted from the findings of the study. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that personal and occupational factors, organizational management, and ethical issues are the most significant sources of challenge which affect the clinical decision-making and, consequently, the performance of EMC personnel at the scene of accidents. Thus, it is essential that pre-hospital emergency care managers improve the quality of EMC personnel’s clinical decision-making skills and the reliability of care provided by them by creating the right professional and organizational settings, free of occupational distress.

Download Full-text

Exploring the concept and structure of obstetric triage: a qualitative content analysis

BMC Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12873-020-00369-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Asieh Moudi ◽

Mina Iravani ◽

Mahin Najafian ◽

Armin Zareiyan ◽

Arash Forouzan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Face To Face ◽

Design And Implementation ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

The Right

Abstract Background Obstetric triage is a new idea, so the design and implementation of it requires identification of its concept and structure. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the concept and structure of the obstetric triage in Iran. Methods The purposive sampling was done and it continued until reaching the theoretical saturation. Thirty-seven semi-structured interviews were conducted individually and face-to-face. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results Two themes, 8 main categories, and 16 subcategories emerged from the content analysis of the interviews and observations. The themes were the concept and structure of obstetric triage. The concept of obstetric triage consisted of three categories of nature, process, and philosophy of obstetric triage. The structure of obstetric triage included five categories of assessment criteria, emergency grading, determining the appropriate location for patient guidance, initiation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures, and timeframe for initial assessment and reassessment. Conclusion Findings highlighted that obstetric triage is a process with a dual and dynamic nature. This process involves clinical decision making to prioritize the pregnant mother and her fetus based on the severity and acuity of the disease in order to allocate medical resources and care for providing appropriate treatment at the right time and place to the right patient. The results of this study could be used for the design and implementation of the obstetric triage system.

Download Full-text

Exploring the concept and structure of obstetric triage: A qualitative content analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16980/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Asieh Moudi ◽

Mina - Iravani ◽

Mahin Najafian ◽

Armin Zareiyan ◽

Arash Forouzan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Face To Face ◽

Design And Implementation ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Obstetric triage is a new idea, so the design and implementation of it requires identification of its concept and structure. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the concept and structure of the obstetric triage in Iran. Methods: The purposive sampling was done and it continued until reaching the theoretical saturation. Thirty-seven semi-structured interviews were conducted individually and face-to-face. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Two themes, 8 main categories, and 16 subcategories emerged from the content analysis of the interviews and observations. The themes were the concept and structure of obstetric triage. The concept of obstetric triage consisted of three categories of nature, process, and philosophy of obstetric triage. The structure of obstetric triage included five categories of assessment criteria, emergency grading, determining the appropriate location for patient guidance, initiation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures, and timeframe for initial assessment and reassessment. Conclusion: Findings highlighted that obstetric triage is a process with a dual and dynamic nature. This process involves clinical decision making to prioritize the pregnant mother and her fetus based on the severity and acuity of the disease in order to allocate medical resources and care for providing appropriate treatment at the right time and place to the right patient. The results of this study could be used for the design and implementation of the obstetric triage system.

Download Full-text