Lakeward Migrations by Juvenile Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Mature Parr ◽  
Riverine Environment ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors ◽  
Reproductive Tactic ◽  
Evolutionarily Stable ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Parr

Atlantic salmon parr, Salmo salar, undertook lakeward migrations from outlet streams in the Wings Brook system, eastern Newfoundland. Lakeward movement occurred from May through November, intensifying over a 6- to 8-wk period during spring. Parr remained in the lakes where they either matured (usually males) or smoltified (predominantly females) before returning to the streams. Mature parr emigrated from the lakes during autumn whereas smolts entered the streams during spring. Lakes provided conditions for increased parr growth and survival to the smolt stage relative to the riverine environment, and appeared to represent important overwintering habitat. Smolt production occurred almost entirely within the lakes. Parr movement into lakes could not be explained by physical environmental factors. Lakeward migrations appear to have an adaptive basis and can be explained as an evolutionarily stable reproductive tactic.

Variation in Male Parr Maturation Within and Among Populations of Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ransom A. Myers ◽  
Jeffrey A. Hutchings ◽  
R. John Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Mature Parr ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Size Threshold ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Parr

The covariation of growth and maturation in male Atlantic salmon parr, Salmo salar, produces a relationship characterized by a size threshold below which individuals generally do not mature. The threshold of 70–72 mm fork length is evident both within and among populations. Parr maturation can reduce growth during the second year of life by an average of 4.0%. Among-year variation in growth rate affects the yearly incidence of maturation for males at age 1 + but has no detectable effect on the total proportion of male parr maturing in a population. Increases in the proportion of mature parr in the Matamek River, Quebec, can be explained by variation in growth alone; there is no evidence for genetic changes in this population.

Winter growth and survival of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in experimental raceways

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2350-2357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L Parrish ◽  
Ethan J Hawes ◽  
Kevin G Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Lower Velocity ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Mature Parr ◽  
In The Wild

We used experimental raceways to determine overwinter mortality of wild-reared immature and mature post-young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Secondarily, we investigated the effects of differing treatments (velocity and shelter) on winter growth and survival. Overall survival from November to April was 94%, and survival of immature (98%) and mature (90%) parr, although statistically different, was very similar. Immature parr grew more in length than mature parr, and both immature and mature parr in higher velocity (12 cm·s–1) raceways grew more than those in lower velocity (0.6 cm·s–1) raceways. Stomach contents were twofold greater in parr occupying higher velocity raceways than those in lower velocity raceways. Caloric content of immature and mature parr did not differ in any of five monthly samples. Lowest caloric content occurred in early February and increased between February and March when water temperatures were well below those considered optimal for growth. Although ice cover was present, isolating parr from conditions that occur in natural settings may have helped parr achieve nearly 2.5 times greater survival than parr in the wild. Further, whereas previous studies showed parr select habitats to minimize energetic loss, our results show a distinct advantage for parr to expend energy to feed during winter.

The effect of porcine somatotropin on growth, and survival in seawater of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Komourdjian ◽  
R. L. Saunders ◽  
J. C. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth Hormone Treatment ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Porcine Somatotropin

The effects of porcine growth hormone on growth and salinity tolerance were studied in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr. Fish were held in freshwater at 11.5 °C during June and July under a photoperiod with light to dark periods opposite to the prevailing natural conditions. Fish treated with 1.0 μg/g body weight of growth hormone preparation on alternate days were significantly longer (P <.05), after 4 weeks, than placebo-injected controls. All hormone-injected fish survived transfer to seawater, 30‰ salinity. But under the same conditions, placebo-injected control fish showed a high mortality rate. Growth-hormone treatment caused a darkening of fin margins and a yellowing of the operculae and fin surfaces. The silvering which normally accompanies smoltification was not observed. The role of growth hormone in eliciting these actions and its possible role in the parr–smolt transformation are discussed.

Feed intake of Atlantic salmon parr Salmo salar L. in relation to temperature and feed composition

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Å Bendiksen ◽  
M Jobling ◽  
A M Arnesen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Salmon Parr ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Parr

Genetic, Environmental, and Maturational Effects on Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Survival in Acute Low pH Trials

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1547-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Schom
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
First Year ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Salmon River ◽  
Mature Parr

Wild sea-run anadromous salmon (Salmo salar) were captured in Big Salmon River in New Brunswick and transported to the Atlantic Salmon Federation's research centre for spawning. Four year-classes were established, one each in 1980, 1981, 1982, and 1983, using a nested design, i.e. one female with one anadromous male and one or two mature parr. The mature parr, in all but the first year, were from families identified as to survival time in acute low pH trials. Resistance to low pH, i.e. survival time, was family specific and independent of the trial conditions. The heritabilities had dominant and additive components with, however, the apparent larger dam than sire effect an artifact of the experimental design. The most significant component appeared to be the dominant gene component. The mature parr were more resistant than the nonmature parr. Finally, genetic gains from selection were much greater in the down direction than the up direction, and this appeared to be a consequence of negative hatchery selection.

Degradation of DDT in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2321-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Greer ◽  
U. Paim
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Salmon Parr ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Parr

As indicated by thin-layer chromatography, hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon parr degraded DDT, absorbed from aqueous suspensions, to DDE and TDE within 9 hr. DDT adsorbed on external surfaces of the salmon was not degraded.

Plasma growth hormone levels increase during seawater exposure of sexually mature Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Rydevik ◽  
Bertil Borg ◽  
Carl Haux ◽  
Hiroshi Kawauchi ◽  
Björn Th. Björnsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Salmon Parr ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Parr
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