Relationships among Smolt Size, Marine Growth, and Sea Age at Maturity of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in Northern Spain

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1632-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Nicieza ◽  
F. Braña
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Length Increment

Scale analysis indicated that two-sea-winter (2SW) Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) had a greater growth increment during the first year at sea than 1SW of the same smolt year in the Rivers Narcea and Esva, but no differences were found between sea age-classes in the River Cares. Interannual variation in marine growth was synchronized among rivers. Variation among years was greater than variation between sea age-classes, suggesting that marine growth per se does not determine age at maturity. In the River Narcea, 2SW salmon were larger than 1SW at the end of the first marine period, but differences between sea age-groups were not significant in the other two rivers. Some of this variability could be attributed to differences in size at smolting; for two rivers (Esva and Cares), 1SW salmon had been larger as smolts than 2SW salmon. Length increment during the first marine growth period was inversely correlated with smolt size (age-1 smolts); in spite of that compensatory effect, large smolts tended to maintain their size advantage at the time of formation of the first marine annulus, as indicated by positive correlations between smolt size and length at the first sea winter.

Activity of metabolic enzymes and muscle-specific gene expression in parr and smolts Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. of different age groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1117-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria V. Churova ◽  
Olga V. Meshcheryakova ◽  
Aleksey E. Veselov ◽  
Denis A. Efremov ◽  
Nina N. Nemova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Metabolic Enzymes ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Electrophoretic Assessment of the Contribution of Transplanted Scottish Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) to the Esva River (Northern Spain)

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Morán ◽  
Alberto M. Pendás ◽  
Eva Garcia-Vázquez ◽  
Jorge T. Izquierdo ◽  
Dennis T. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Precocious Males ◽  
Mature Male Parr

The genetic influence of stocking on the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population from the Spanish Esva River was analysed by electrophoresis of protein loci. Genetic variation within parr and mature male parr samples demonstrated that Scottish-origin parr stocked in 1990 survived the first summer. However, samples collected from returning adults in 1990 and 1991 did not indicate any contribution from previous stocking programs. Altered MEP-2* frequencies indicate that the native gene pool may have been disrupted by foreign genomes from precocious males or grilse.

Winter temperature and food quality affect age at maturity: an experimental test with Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bror Jonsson ◽  
Anders G. Finstad ◽  
Nina Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Winter Temperature ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Field studies have revealed that many ectotherms mature younger and smaller in warmer environments although they grow faster. This has puzzled ecologists because the direct effect of factors that accelerate growth is expected to be larger, not smaller size. We tested this experimentally for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at two winter temperatures and diets. Logistic regression revealed that the probability of maturation during the second year in sea water, relative to the probability of older maturation, increased with temperature and growth rate during the first winter. Also, large size and high condition factor 1 year prior to maturation stimulated maturation. In females, a high lipid diet increased the probability of maturation as one-sea-winter fish, and there were significant interactions between winter temperature and food quality and between body size and condition factor the first autumn in sea water. Thus, if the direct effect of temperature on growth rate is the main effect of warming, salmon are likely to attain maturity younger and smaller. Also, richer food decreased age at maturation in females. This finding has consequences for interpretations of climate change impacts on age at maturity in Atlantic salmon and may also hold for many other ectotherm species.

Changes in the Selection of Microhabitat by Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) at the Summer–Autumn Transition in a Small River

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Rimmer ◽  
U. Paim ◽  
R. L. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Juvenile Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maximum Water

Over three summers we used direct underwater observation to examine the summer to autumn differences in seven microhabitat properties of three age-classes of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Little Sevogle River of northeastern New Brunswick. Salmon of all three age-classes occupied a wide range of water depths during summer, but were concentrated mainly in depths of 24–36 cm. In autumn, they occurred in this range almost exclusively. The streambed stones most closely associated with the individual positions of all ages were always <20 cm in summer and mostly (84–92%) <10 cm in diameter. In autumn, all ages were associated with home stones up to 40 cm in diameter, with 65–83% of the stones exceeding 20 cm; the size of home stones selected increased with fish age in autumn. There was no apparent relationship between the water depth and home stone size distributions occupied by all age-classes and available in the stream during either summer or autumn. Summer focal water velocity (velocity at the fish's snout) was predominantly 10–30 cm∙s−1 for 0+, 10–40 cm∙s−1 for 1+, and 30–50 cm∙s−1 for 2+ salmon, but during autumn it was almost always <10 cm∙s−1 for all ages. The bottom and surface water velocities as well as the maximum water velocity within 1 m of fish stations increased with fish age during summer and autumn. At the summer–autumn transition, 0+ salmon selected higher bottom, surface, and maximum water velocities, 2+ salmon selected lower velocities, but selection by 1+ salmon remained unchanged. We view substrate size followed by water depth as the primary properties influencing stream suitability for juvenile Atlantic salmon in autumn.

Effective size of an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) metapopulation in Northern Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1559-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kuparinen ◽  
Jarle Tufto ◽  
Sonia Consuegra ◽  
Kjetil Hindar ◽  
Juha Merilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Autumnal Habitat Shift of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in a Small River

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Rimmer ◽  
U. Paim ◽  
R. L. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Winter Habitat ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Juvenile Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Absolute Population

Autumnal changes in behavior and distribution of three age-classes of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were determined during 3 yr in the Little Sevogle River of northeastern New Brunswick. In summer, salmon were always observed above the streambed, each holding a station over a single, unshaded stone. About 84% of the entire population occurred in the run habitat-type, 12% in riffles and 5% in pools. Underwater visual censuses showed the salmon to be continuously numerous in summer, but, as soon as water temperature fell to or below 10 °C in autumn, they disappeared from their stations and their visible population decreased by 92–98%. Thereafter, the salmon were found almost exclusively in sheltered substrate chambers beneath surface streambed stones. However, salmon distribution among runs, riffles, and pools (77, 18, and 5%, respectively) did not differ significantly from that in summer. Trapping, marking, and absolute population estimates indicated neither dwindling nor egress of the resident population. Thus, instead of suddenly leaving the river area or moving to another habitat-type at low temperatures, the salmon merely moved from their unsheltered summer stations to sheltered winter stations within the streambed. The results indicate the importance of winter habitat management in managing juvenile Atlantic salmon populations.

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