The physiological impairment of free-ranging brown trout exposed to metals in the Clark Fork River, Montana

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2038-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aïda M. Farag ◽  
Mark A. Stansbury ◽  
Harold L. Bergman ◽  
Christer Hogstrand ◽  
Elizabeth MacConnell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Clark Fork River ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Upper Clark Fork River ◽  
High Concentrations

Tissue metal accumulation and physiological responses were measured in brown trout (Salmo trutta) collected from two sites on the Clark Fork River, Montana, and two reference sites to determine the health status of the resident fish population. Concentrations of metals in tissues, products of lipid peroxidation, and microscopic Cu inclusions were significantly higher in fish collected from the upper Clark Fork River site than in fish from reference sites. Metallothionein concentrations were higher in the livers of fish from the upper Clark Fork River than in those of fish from reference sites. The health of the fish population in the upper Clark Fork River is probably impaired because of previously reported elevated concentrations of metals including As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the surface water and aquatic invertebrates in the upper Clark Fork River. The high concentrations of metals in the surface waters and sediments of the Clark Fork River are typical of rivers in the intermountain western United States where discharges from mining activities have occurred since the late 1800s. Thus, our findings can be used as a guide for researchers throughout the intermountain western United States who may investigate similar field conditions.

scholarly journals Associations and interactions among intestinal helminths of the brown trout, Salmo trutta, in northern Italy

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Dezfuli ◽  
L. Giari ◽  
S. De Biaggi ◽  
R. Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Interspecific Associations ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Species co-occurrences and interspecific associations between intensity of infection were studied in helminth communities of three populations of brown trout,Salmo trutta, from northern Italy. Of the eight helminth species, only four were common enough to be included in the analyses:Pomphorhynchus laevis, Acanthocephalus anguillae, Echinorhynchus truttaeandCyathocephalus truncatus. The observed frequencies of co-occurrences of the different species, based on presence/absence data, did not differ from those predicted by a null model derived from prevalence data. However, the intensity of infection (number of individuals per fish) of different helminth species were generally, but not always significantly, negatively correlated in tests of pairwise associations. Variation in fish sizes and its effect on infection levels, and whether or not two helminth species used the same or different intermediate hosts, had no influence on these findings. Of the few significant negative associations found between pairs of helminth species, none was found in more than one fish population. This suggests that interspecific associations may be condition-dependent: even in apparently similar localities, the same combinations of helminth species show different associations. Without evidence of replicability, it is almost impossible to conclude to the consistent role of competition between any pair of helminth species in the field.

scholarly journals Study of Heavy Metals Pollution and Vitellogenin Levels in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta trutta) Wild Fish Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4965
Author(s):  
Carmine Merola ◽  
Angelo Bisegna ◽  
Giovanni Angelozzi ◽  
Annamaria Conte ◽  
Maria Cesarina Abete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Direct Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Mercury Analyzer ◽  
High Concentrations

The objectives of this research were, first, to determine the concentrations of certain heavy metals in the edible tissue of wild brown trout (Salmo trutta trutta) from two different rivers located in the Abruzzi region (Italy), and then, to investigate the levels of variation in vitellogenin (VTG) associated with the presence of metalloestrogens. VTG is an effective indicator for endocrine disturbance, and an increase in the vitellogenin levels in male fish is widely employed as a biomarker of estrogenic contamination in the aquatic environment. The muscles of the trout were analyzed for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, Al, and Zn using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and Hg was measured using a direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80). The calculated values of the condition factor confirmed a healthy status for this species, indicating that the aquatic habit in both rivers is suitable for brown trout life. No significant difference in the concentrations of each metal were reported between the trout from the two rivers, and no significant difference for VTG levels were found between male and female fish. It is interesting to note the high concentrations of Al/Zn, while the Pb, Cd, and Hg concentrations in all of the samples were lower than those established by the European Commission.

Brown trout avoidance of metals in water characteristic of the Clark Fork River, Montana

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2031-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Woodward ◽  
James A. Hansen ◽  
Harold L. Bergman ◽  
Aaron J. DeLonay ◽  
Edward E. Little
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Response ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Cylindrical Chamber ◽  
Clark Fork River ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Avoidance Reactions

The avoidance response of brown trout (Salmo trutta) to mixtures of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc was determined in water simulating the Clark Fork River, Montana. Effects of acidification on the avoidance response were also evaluated. Tests were conducted in a cylindrical chamber that received reference water at one end and metal-contaminated water at the other; a distinct boundary formed at the center where the chamber drained. A 1 × mixture of the four metals (Cd, 1.1 μg/L; Cu, 12 μg/L; Pb, 3.2 μg/L; and Zn, 55 μg/L) that was representative of the ambient metals concentrations of the Clark Fork River resulted in avoidance by brown trout. Brown trout also avoided 0.5×, 2×, 4×, and 10× mixtures but not a 0.1 × mixture. A reduction in pH from 8.0 to either 7.0, 6.0, or 5.0 resulted in significant avoidance. Avoidance reactions to metals, similar to those observed in our laboratory experiments, may contribute to the depression of brown trout populations in the Clark Fork River.

Population density of migratory and resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in relation to altitude: evidence for a migration cost

2001 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bohlin ◽  
J. Pettersson ◽  
E. Degerman
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Migration Cost ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Massive infection of Cystidicoloides ephemeridarum discovered during a toxicological survey on an unusual case of skeletal deformities in brown trout Salmo trutta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Iaria ◽  
N Spanò ◽  
A Smeriglio ◽  
F Capparucci ◽  
G De Benedetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Skeletal Deformities ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

Evaluation of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) fillets’ shelf life: Fed with a humic supplemented diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 100675
Author(s):  
Muhammed Atamanalp ◽  
Arzu Ucar ◽  
Esat Mahmut Kocaman ◽  
Gonca Alak
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salmo Trutta Fario

scholarly journals Effect of water temperature on the morbidity of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) to brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) under laboratory conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Waldner ◽  
Martin Borkovec ◽  
Florian Borgwardt ◽  
Günther Unfer ◽  
Mansour El‐Matbouli
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Tetracapsuloides Bryosalmonae
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