Molecular and physical mapping of a barley gene on chromosome arm 1HL that causes sterility in hybrids with wheat

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Taketa ◽  
Masayuki Choda ◽  
Ryoko Ohashi ◽  
Masahiko Ichii ◽  
Kazuyoshi Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Seed Fertility ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Sterility Gene ◽  
Group 1 Chromosomes

Addition of the long arm of barley chromosome 1H (1HL) to wheat causes severe meiotic abnormalities and complete sterility of the plants. To map the barley gene responsible for the 1H-induced sterility of wheat, a series of addition lines of translocated 1H chromosomes were developed from the crosses between the wheat 'Shinchunaga' and five reciprocal translocation lines derived from the barley line St.13559. Examination of the seed fertility of the addition lines revealed that the sterility gene is located in the interstitial 25% region of the 1HL arm. The genetic location of the sterility gene was also estimated by physically mapping sequence-tagged site (STS) markers and simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers with known map locations. The sterility gene is designated Shw (sterility in hybrids with wheat). Comparison of the present physical map of 1HL with two previously published genetic maps revealed a paucity of markers in the proximal 30% region and non-random distribution of SSR markers. Two inconsistencies in marker order were found between the present physical map and the consensus genetic map of group 1 chromosomes of Triticeae. On the basis of the effects on meiosis and chromosomal location, the relationship of the present sterility gene with other fertility-related genes of Triticeae is discussed.Key words: Hordeum vulgare, molecular markers, sterility, translocation, wheat–barley chromosome addition line.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Maize Chromosome 9 Radiation Hybrids Derived From an Oat-Maize Addition Line

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Riera-Lizarazu ◽  
M I Vales ◽  
E V Ananiev ◽  
H W Rines ◽  
R L Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Hybrid ◽  
Chromosome Region ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Maize Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Radiation Hybrids ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines

Abstract In maize (Zea mays L., 2n = 2x = 20), map-based cloning and genome organization studies are often complicated because of the complexity of the genome. Maize chromosome addition lines of hexaploid cultivated oat (Avena sativa L., 2n = 6x = 42), where maize chromosomes can be individually manipulated, represent unique materials for maize genome analysis. Maize chromosome addition lines are particularly suitable for the dissection of a single maize chromosome using radiation because cultivated oat is an allohexaploid in which multiple copies of the oat basic genome provide buffering to chromosomal aberrations and other mutations. Irradiation (gamma rays at 30, 40, and 50 krad) of a monosomic maize chromosome 9 addition line produced maize chromosome 9 radiation hybrids (M9RHs)—oat lines possessing different fragments of maize chromosome 9 including intergenomic translocations and modified maize addition chromosomes with internal and terminal deletions. M9RHs with 1 to 10 radiation-induced breaks per chromosome were identified. We estimated that a panel of 100 informative M9RHs (with an average of 3 breaks per chromosome) would allow mapping at the 0.5- to 1.0-Mb level of resolution. Because mapping with maize chromosome addition lines and radiation hybrid derivatives involves assays for the presence or absence of a given marker, monomorphic markers can be quickly and efficiently mapped to a chromosome region. Radiation hybrid derivatives also represent sources of region-specific DNA for cloning of genes or DNA markers.

Transferability of wheat microsatellites to diploid Aegilops species and determination of chromosomal localizations of microsatellites in the S genome

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
I G Adonina ◽  
E A Salina ◽  
E G Pestsova ◽  
M S Röder
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines

Overall, 253 genomic wheat (Triticum aestivum) microsatellite markers were studied for their transferability to the diploid species Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops longissima, and Aegilops searsii, representing the S genome. In total, 88% of all the analyzed primer pairs of markers derived from the B genome of hexaploid wheat amplified DNA fragments in the genomes of the studied species. The transferability of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers of the T. aestivum A and D genomes totaled 74%. Triticum aestivum – Ae. speltoides, T. aestivum – Ae. longissima, and T. aestivum – Ae. searsii chromosome addition lines allowed us to determine the chromosomal localizations of 103 microsatellite markers in the Aegilops genomes. The majority of them were localized to homoeologous chromosomes in the genome of Aegilops. Several instances of nonhomoeologous localization of T. aestivum SSR markers in the Aegilops genome were considered to be either amplification of other loci or putative translocations. The results of microsatellite analysis were used to study phylogenetic relationships among the 3 species of the Sitopsis section (Ae. speltoides, Ae. longissima, and Ae. searsii) and T. aestivum. The dendrogram obtained generally reflects the current views on phylogenetic relationships among these species.Key words: Triticum aestivum, Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops longissima, Aegilops searsii, microsatellite, SSR, chromosome addition lines, phylogeny.

A maize chromosome 3 addition line of oat exhibits expression of the maize homeobox gene liguleless3 and alteration of cell fates

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1055-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Muehlbauer ◽  
O Riera-Lizarazu ◽  
R G Kynast ◽  
D Martin ◽  
R L Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Maize Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines

Maize chromosome addition lines of oat offer the opportunity to study maize gene expression in oat and the resulting phenotypes. Morphological examination of a maize chromosome 3 addition line of oat showed that this line exhibited several morphological abnormalities including a blade-to-sheath transformation at the midrib region of the leaf, a hook-shaped panicle, and abnormal outgrowth of aerial axillary buds. Dominant mutations in the maize liguleless3 (lg3) homeobox gene result in a blade (distal)-to-sheath (proximal) transformation at the midrib region of the leaf. Ectopic expression of the dominant mutant Lg3 allele is believed to cause the phenotype. Therefore, we suspected that the maize lg3 gene, which is located on maize chromosome 3, was involved in the phenotypes observed in the maize chromosome 3 addition line of oat. Genetic analyses of an oat BC1F2 family segregating for maize chromosome 3 showed that the presence of a stable maize chromosome 3 was required for the expression of these cell fate abnormalities. RNA expression analysis of leaf sheath tissue from oat plants carrying maize chromosome 3 demonstrated that maize LG3 transcripts accumulated in oat, indicating that this expression is associated with the blade-to-sheath transformation, hook-shaped panicle and outgrowth of aerial axillary bud phenotypes. Our results demonstrate that the maize chromosome addition lines of oat are useful genetic stocks to study expression of maize genes in oat.Key words: liguleless3, homeobox, oat-maize addition line.

Nematode resistance of rape-radish chromosome addition lines

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Peterka ◽  
Holger Budahn ◽  
Shao Song Zhang ◽  
Jin Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Oilseed radish is resistant to the beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schmidt), interrupting the life cycle of this sedentary pathogen by blocking feeding cell development in the root. A complete set of nine disomic rape-radish chromosome additions, a to i, derived from a susceptible rapeseed parent as recipient and a resistant radish as chromosome donor, was assayed for nematode resistance. The addition line d exhibited the resistance level of the radish parent, confirming previous results that radish chromosome d carries a dominant gene, Hs1Rph, for nematode resistance. It was investigated if Hs1Rph is effective against a further important sedentary parasite, the northern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla. The set of chromosome addition lines and the parents, rape and radish, were inoculated with second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. hapla and the plant reaction was evaluated by counting the number of egg masses per root system. By contrast to the situation in H. schachtii, the radish parent as well as addition line d showed no resistance against M. hapla and was even more susceptible than rape. It was concluded that the resistance gene Hs1Rph, which inhibits syncytium development of H. schachtii, is ineffective against M. hapla, a nematode inducing giant cell formation. Most added radish chromosomes significantly changed the number of egg masses in the recipient rape towards higher susceptibility. Two chromosomes enhanced the egg mass number beyond that of the chromosome donor radish. However, one radish chromosome decreased the egg mass production in the corresponding addition line below that in rape. This wide range of effects of the individual radish chromosomes in the rape background indicates a quantitative inheritance of host suitability to M. hapla and a complex interaction between the pathogen and radish.

Characterization of a new 4BS.7HL wheat–barley translocation line using GISH, FISH, and SSR markers and its effect on the β-glucan content of wheat

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cseh ◽  
K. Kruppa ◽  
I. Molnár ◽  
M. Rakszegi ◽  
J. Doležel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Translocation Chromosome ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Addition Line

A spontaneous interspecific Robertsonian translocation was revealed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) in the progenies of a monosomic 7H addition line originating from a new wheat ‘Asakaze komugi’ × barley ‘Manas’ hybrid. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA sequences (Afa family, pSc119.2, and pTa71) allowed identification of all wheat chromosomes, including wheat chromosome arm 4BS involved in the translocation. FISH using barley telomere- and centromere-specific repetitive DNA probes (HvT01 and (AGGGAG)n) confirmed that one of the arms of barley chromosome 7H was involved in the translocation. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers specific to the long (L) and short (S) arms of barley chromosome 7H identified the translocated chromosome segment as 7HL. Further analysis of the translocation chromosome clarified the physical position of genetically mapped SSRs within 7H, with a special focus on its centromeric region. The presence of the HvCslF6 gene, responsible for (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan production, was revealed in the centromeric region of 7HL. An increased (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan level was also detected in the translocation line, demonstrating that the HvCslF6 gene is of potential relevance for the manipulation of wheat (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan levels.

scholarly journals Nucleolar organiser activity in wheat-barley chromosome addition lines

Heredity ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Santos ◽  
J R Lacadena ◽  
M C Cermeño ◽  
J Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Nucleolar Organiser ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines

scholarly journals Occurrence of hordatines, the barley antifungal colnpounds, in a wheat-barley chromosome addition line.

1999 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiji Nomura ◽  
Masayuki Sue ◽  
Ryo Horikoshi ◽  
Shin-ichi Tebayashi ◽  
Atsushi Ishihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Chromosome Addition Line

scholarly journals Complex Structure of Knob DNA on Maize Chromosome 9: Retrotransposon Invasion into Heterochromatin

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 2025-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
E V Ananiev ◽  
R L Phillips ◽  
H W Rines
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Repeated Dna ◽  
Maize Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Retrotransposable Elements ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines

Abstract The recovery of maize (Zea mays L.) chromosome addition lines of oat (Avena sativa L.) from oat × maize crosses enables us to analyze the structure and composition of specific regions, such as knobs, of individual maize chromosomes. A DNA hybridization blot panel of eight individual maize chromosome addition lines revealed that 180-bp repeats found in knobs are present in each of these maize chromosomes, but the copy number varies from ~100 to 25,000. Cosmid clones with knob DNA segments were isolated from a genomic library of an oat-maize chromosome 9 addition line with the help of the 180-bp knob-associated repeated DNA sequence used as a probe. Cloned knob DNA segments revealed a complex organization in which blocks of tandemly arranged 180-bp repeating units are interrupted by insertions of other repeated DNA sequences, mostly represented by individual full size copies of retrotransposable elements. There is an obvious preference for the integration of retrotransposable elements into certain sites (hot spots) of the 180-bp repeat. Sequence microheterogeneity including point mutations and duplications was found in copies of 180-bp repeats. The 180-bp repeats within an array all had the same polarity. Restriction maps constructed for 23 cloned knob DNA fragments revealed the positions of polymorphic sites and sites of integration of insertion elements. Discovery of the interspersion of retrotransposable elements among blocks of tandem repeats in maize and some other organisms suggests that this pattern may be basic to heterochromatin organization for eukaryotes.

scholarly journals Detection of various U and M chromosomes in wheat-Aegilops biuncialis hybrids and derivatives using fluorescence in situ hybridisation and molecular markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schneider ◽  
M. Molnár-Láng
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Chromosome Pair ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Disomic Addition Line ◽  
Monosomic Addition ◽  
Monosomic Addition Line

The aim of the study was to select wheat-Aegilops biuncialis addition lines carrying Aegilops biuncialis chromosomes differing from those which were introgressed into the wheat-Ae. biuncialis addition lines produced earlier in Martonv&aacute;s&aacute;r, Hungary. In the course of the experiments new wheat-Ae. biuncialis addition lines carrying chromosomes 2U<sup>b</sup>, 6M<sup>b</sup>, 6U<sup>b</sup>; 5U<sup>b</sup>, 3U<sup>b</sup>, 7U<sup>b</sup>; 5M<sup>b</sup>, 6M<sup>b</sup> and 7M<sup>b</sup> were selected. The 2U<sup>b</sup> disomic addition line is relatively stable, as 91% of the progenies contain this chromosome pair. The 6M<sup>b</sup> disomic addition line proved to be dwarf and sterile, but it still exists as a monosomic addition line. Progenies analysed from the 6U<sup>b</sup> monosomic addition line did not carry the 6U<sup>b</sup> chromosome. One plant containing the 5U<sup>b</sup>, 3U<sup>b</sup> and 7U<sup>b</sup> chromosomes and one plant carrying 5M<sup>b</sup>, 6M<sup>b</sup> and 7M<sup>b</sup> chromosomes showed very low fertility. Each of the plants produced a single seed, but seeds of the parent plants are still available. Line No. 49/00 carried a submetacentric Ae. biuncialis chromosome pair and the chromosome number 44 has been constant for several generations. After FISH no hybridisation site was observed on the Ae. biuncialis chromosome pair using the pSc119.2 and Afa family repetitive DNA probes, so it was not possible to identify the Ae. biuncialis chromosome pair. However, the use of wheat SSR markers and the (GAA)<sub>n</sub> microsatellite DNA probe allowed it to be characterised more accurately. These new lines facilitate gene transfer from Ae. biuncialis into cultivated wheat and the selection of U and M genome-specific wheat SSR markers.&nbsp;

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