QTL analysis of quantitative resistance to Phytophthora infestans (late blight) in tomato and comparisons with potato

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J Brouwer ◽  
Elizabeth S Jones ◽  
Dina A. St Clair
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Lycopersicon Hirsutum ◽  
Resistance Qtls ◽  
Functional Conservation ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Assay Methods

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to Phytophthora infestans (late blight) were mapped in tomato. Reciprocal backcross populations derived from cultivated Lycopersicon esculentum × wild Lycopersicon hirsutum (BC-E, backcross to L. esculentum; BC-H, backcross to L. hirsutum) were phenotyped in three types of replicated disease assays (detached-leaflet, whole-plant, and field). Linkage maps were constructed for each BC population with RFLPs. Resistance QTLs were identified on all 12 tomato chromosomes using composite interval mapping. Six QTLs in BC-E (lb1a, lb2a, lb3, lb4, lb5b, and lb11b) and two QTLs in BC-H (lb5ab and lb6ab) were most consistently detected in replicated experiments or across assay methods. Lycopersicon hirsutum alleles conferred resistance at all QTLs except lb2a. Resistance QTLs coincided with QTLs for inoculum droplet dispersal on leaves, a trait in L. hirsutum that may contribute to resistance, and dispersal was mainly associated with leaf resistance. Some P. infestans resistance QTLs detected in tomato coincided with chromosomal locations of previously mapped R genes and QTLs for resistance to P. infestans in potato, suggesting functional conservation of resistance within the Solanaceae.Key words: late blight, tomato, Lycopersicon hirsutum, QTL mapping, disease resistance, potato.

scholarly journals Comparison of Assays for Measuring Sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans Isolates to Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1167-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sedegui ◽  
R. B. Carroll ◽  
A. L. Morehart ◽  
R. A. Hamlen ◽  
R. J. Power
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Systemic Fungicides ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Laboratory Assay

Pathogenic strains of Phytophthora infestans insensitive to phenylamide have been reported from around the world and are responsible for a lack of late blight control in both potatoes and tomatoes. In vivo laboratory assay methods used to determine the sensitivity of P. infestans to fungicides include floating of leaflet disks on fungicide suspension and the use of potato tuber disks. In our study, these two methods were compared with a new detached-leaf assay. The fungicides chlorothalonil (protective), oxadixyl and metalaxyl (systemic), and cymoxanil (locally systemic) were utilized. Phenylamide-insensitive and -sensitive genotypes of P. infestans were used as inoculum. Significant differences between preventive and systemic fungicides were found, and all assay methods differentiated between phenylamide-sensitive and -insensitive genotypes of P. infestans. Differences among assays were significant when comparing mean inhibitory values. There was no significant difference between the detached leaf and the tuber disk assay, but both methods were significantly different from the floating-leaflet disk assay.

Linkage analysis in tetraploid potato and association of markers with quantitative resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans)

1998 ◽  
Vol 259 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Meyer ◽  
D. Milbourne ◽  
C. A. Hackett ◽  
J. E. Bradshaw ◽  
J. W. McNichol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Analysis ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Tetraploid Potato

scholarly journals Phytophthora infestans induced defense response in calli of wild and cultivated potato genotypes: Pathogen induced cell death in cultures - a marker for resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari N Aruna ◽  
Veena S Anil ◽  
B. T. Krishnaprasad
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Extracellular Secretion ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Late Blight caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is the most destructive foliar disease causing 30% yield losses in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop globally. Wild potato genotypes AC1 and AC4, and potato cultivar Kufri Girdhari are highly resistant, whereas wild genotype AC6, and cultivars Kufri Chandramuki and Kufri Jyoti are susceptible to Late Blight. In the current study, the calli of these six potato genotypes were used to understand the mechanism of cellular resistance to Late Blight. Exposure to P. infestans or its elicitors significantly induced peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and induced accumulation of phenolics and flavonoids, indicating the capability of the calli cells to mount a defense response. The study is the first to report the extracellular secretion of defense enzymes, SOD and POX when cells encounter the pathogen, implicating a similar whole-plant phenomenon of enhanced defense in the apoplast. Interestingly, the calli of resistant genotypes showed poor survival upon exposure to pathogen or when grown on elicitor medium, while the susceptible genotypes showed better survival. The percentage of calli cells accumulating intracellular H2O2 was high in resistant genotypes, and directly correlated with the observed higher cell death. The study shows that H2O2 accumulation in the cells of resistant genotypes is indeed self-destructive, a whole plant phenomenon termed hypersensitive response - cell death at site of infection. The potato callus system thus can be used to gain new insights into the plant-defense response to P. infestans.

scholarly journals Identification and mapping of quantitative resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in Solanum habrochaites LA1777

Euphytica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junming Li ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Yuling Bai ◽  
Richard Finkers ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Solanum Habrochaites

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF STABLE RESISTANCE TO PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS IN POTATO GENOTYPES EVALUATED IN FIELD EXPERIMENTS IN PERU

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. WULFF ◽  
W. PÉREZ ◽  
R. J. NELSON ◽  
M. BONIERBALE ◽  
J. A. LANDEO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Stability Of Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant

In this study, genotype by environment (G × E) interactions and phenotypic stability of resistance to Phytophthora infestans, the cause of late blight, were analysed in Peru for 13 potato genotypes, using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis and Huehn's non-parametric test. The potato genotypes were tested in seven experiments over two years in the vicinity of Comas, Peru, an area used by the International Potato Center to screen for resistance to late blight. Results of the two analyses generally correlated and indicated that quantitative resistance to P. infestans was stable under field conditions for all the genotypes tested. The first two principal components (PCA1 and PCA2) of the AMMI analysis explained 54% of the G × E interaction sum of squares. A biplot of the two principal components demonstrated a strong year effect in the G × E interaction. By plotting yearly means of the relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC), genotypes could be assigned to one of three resistance categories, resistant, moderately resistant or susceptible, but the need for a more readily applicable and truly quantitative scale for resistance was noted. Based on these studies, standards can be selected for use in screening in the area where they were tested. After further testing in other locations, a standard set drawn from these genotypes could be identified and a quantitative scale developed for evaluation of resistance under short day conditions.

scholarly journals Quantitative resistance to Phytophthora infestans in potato: a case study for QTL mapping in an allogamous plant species.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Leonards-Schippers ◽  
W Gieffers ◽  
R Schäfer-Pregl ◽  
E Ritter ◽  
S J Knapp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Multiple Alleles ◽  
Specific Proteins

Abstract Phytophthora infestans is the most important fungal pathogen in the cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum). Dominant, race-specific resistance alleles and quantitative resistance--the latter being more important for potato breeding--are found in the germplasm of cultivated and wild potato species. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to two races of P. infestans have been mapped in an F1 progeny of a cross between non-inbred diploid potato parents with multiple alleles. Interval mapping methods based on highly informative restriction fragment length polymorphism markers revealed 11 chromosome segments on 9 potato chromosomes showing significant contrasts between marker genotypic classes. Whereas phenotypically no difference in quantitative resistance response was observed between the two fungal races, QTL mapping identified at least one race specific QT locus. Two QT regions coincided with two small segments on chromosomes V and XII to which the dominant alleles R1, conferring race specific resistance to P. infestans, Rx1 and Rx2, both inducing extreme resistance to potato virus X, have been allocated in independent mapping experiments. Some minor QTLs were correlated with genetic loci for specific proteins related to pathogenesis, the expression of which is induced after infection with P. infestans.

Discerning strains of Phytophthora infestans the causative agent of potato late blight by SSCP analysis of virulence genes

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
V.K. Chizhik ◽  
◽  
E.A. Sokolova ◽  
V.V. Martynov ◽  
M.A. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
Sscp Analysis
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