Selection for low erucic acid and genetic mapping of loci affecting the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids in meadowfoam seed storage lipids

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Gandhi ◽  
V. K. Kishore ◽  
J. M. Crane ◽  
M. B. Slabaugh ◽  
S. J. Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Favorable Alleles ◽  
Storage Lipids ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Erucic acid (22:113) has been identified as an anti-nutritional compound in meadowfoam ( Limnanthes alba ) and other oilseeds in the Brassicales, a classification which has necessitated the development of low erucic acid cultivars for human consumption. The erucic acid concentrations of meadowfoam wild types (8%–24%) surpass industry standards for human consumption (≤3%). The goals of the present study were to develop low erucic acid lines and identify loci affecting the accumulation of 22:113 and other very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in meadowfoam seed storage lipids. LE76, a low erucic acid line, was developed by 3 cycles of selection in an ethyl methanesulfonate–treated wildtype population. LE76 produced 3% 22:113, threefold less than the M0 population. Wildtype × LE76 F2 populations produced continuous, approximately normal erucic and dienoic acid distributions. Loss-of-function mutations apparently did not segregate and individuals with low 22:113 concentrations (≤3%) were observed only in F2 populations from hybrids with L. alba subsp. alba wild types. The meadowfoam genome was mapped and scanned for quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting VLCFA profiles in seed storage lipids by genotyping and phenotyping wildtype × low erucic acid F2 progeny. Composite interval mapping identified 3 moderately large-effect erucic acid QTL. The low erucic acid parent transmitted favorable alleles for 2 of 3 QTL, suggesting low erucic acid cultivars can be developed by combining favorable alleles transmitted by wildtype and low erucic acid parents.

Synthesis and characterization of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) from Brassica carinata oil with high content of erucic acid and from very long chain fatty acids

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Impallomeni ◽  
Alberto Ballistreri ◽  
Giovanni Marco Carnemolla ◽  
Salvatore P.P. Guglielmino ◽  
Marco Sebastiano Nicolò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Carinata ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Conversion of waste materials into very long chain fatty acids by the recombinant yeast Yarrowia lipolytica

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gajdoš ◽  
Jaroslav Hambalko ◽  
Ondrej Slaný ◽  
Milan Čertík
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Recombinant Yeast ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT Erucic acid (C22:1Δ13) has several industrial applications including its use as a lubricant, surfactant and biodiesel and composite material constituent. It is produced by plants belonging to the Brassicaceae family, especially by the high erucic acid rapeseed. The ability to convert oleic acid into erucic acid is facilitated by FAE1. In this study, FAD2 (encoding Δ12-desaturase) was deleted in the strain Po1d to increase oleic acid content. Subsequently, FAE1 from Thlaspi arvense was overexpressed in Yarrowia lipolytica with the Δfad2 genotype. This resulted in the YL10 strain producing very long chain fatty acids, especially erucic acid. The YL10 strain was cultivated in media containing crude glycerol and waste cooking oil as carbon substrates. The cells grown using glycerol produced microbial oil devoid of linoleic acid, which was enriched with very long chain fatty acids, mainly erucic acid (9% of the total fatty acids). When cells were grown using waste cooking oil, the highest yield of erucic acid was obtained (887 mg L–1). However, external linoleic and α-linolenic were accumulated in cellular lipids when yeasts were grown in an oil medium. This study describes the possibility of conversion of waste material into erucic acid by a recombinant yeast strain.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Fatty Acid Saturation and Chain Length on NASH in Juvenile Iberian Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 682-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla Dillard ◽  
Morgan Coffin ◽  
Gabriella Hernandez ◽  
Victoria Smith ◽  
Catherine Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Objectives Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the major cause of pediatric chronic liver pathology in the United States. The objective of this study was to compare the relative effect of inclusion of isocaloric amounts of saturated medium-chain fatty acids (hydrogenated coconut oil), saturated long-chain fatty acids (lard) and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids (olive oil) on endpoints of NAFLD and insulin resistance. Methods Thirty-eight 15-d-old Iberian pigs were fed 1 of 4 diets containing (g/kg body weight × d) 1) control (CON; n = 8): 0 g fructose, 10.5 g fat, and 187 kcal metabolizable energy (ME), 2) lard (LAR; n = 10): 21.6 g fructose, 17.1 g fat (100% lard) and 299 kcal ME, 3) hydrogenated coconut oil (COCO; n = 10): 21.6 g fructose, 16.9 g fat (42.5% lard and 57.5% coconut oil) and 299 kcal ME, and 4) olive oil (OLV, n = 10): 21.6 g fructose, 17.1 g fat (43.5% lard and 56.5% olive oil) and 299 kcal ME, for 9 consecutive weeks. Body weight was recorded every 3 d. Serum markers of liver injury and dyslipidemia were measured on d 60 at 2 h post feeding, with all other serum measures assessed on d 70. Liver tissue was collected on d 70 for histology, triacylglyceride (TG) quantification, and metabolomics analysis. Results Tissue histology indicated the presence of steatosis in LAR, COCO and OLV compared with CON (P ≤ 0.001), with a further increase in in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in OLV and COCO compared with LAR (P ≤ 0.01). Alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were higher in COCO and OLV (P ≤ 0.01) than CON. All treatment groups had lower liver concentrations of methyl donor's choline and betaine versus CON, while bile acids were differentially changed (P ≤ 0.05). COCO had higher levels of TGs with less carbons (Total carbons < 52) than all other groups (P ≤ 0.05). Several long-chain acylcarnitines involved in fat oxidation were higher in OLV versus all other groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Inclusion of fats enriched in medium-chain saturated and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids in a high-fructose high-fat diet increased liver injury, compared with fats with a long-chain saturated fatty acid profile. Further research is required to investigate the mechanisms causing this difference in physiological response to these dietary fat sources. Funding Sources ARI, AcornSeekers.

Long chain fatty acids can form aggregates and affect the membrane integrity

2021 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 111795
Author(s):  
Gulen Melike Demirbolat ◽  
Goknil Pelin Coskun ◽  
Omer Erdogan ◽  
Ozge Cevik
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids
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