THE GENETIC CONTROL OF SUNFLOWER SEED ACID PHOSPHATASE

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Torres ◽  
Ulrike Diedenhofen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Genetic Studies

Genetic studies indicate that the acid phosphatase isozymes in seeds of the annual sunflower (Helianthus annuus) are specified by a single gene, Acp, having at least four codominant alleles, S, B, I and F. The enzyme is presumably dimeric. The polypeptide subunits in heterozygotes form an intragenic heterodimer in addition to two homodimers. Acp is not linked to either of the genes coding for seed alcohol dehydrogenase, Adh-1 and Adh-2, and these are not linked to each other. Acp therefore provides a molecular marker for a third sunflower linkage group. The estimated molecular weight of the intact, functional enzyme is about 95,000 daltons.

scholarly journals GENETICS OF ISOZYMES AND ANALYSIS OF ISOZYMES LINKAGE AND MORPHOLOGICAL LOCI IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) / GENETICA DE ISOFERMENTOS Y EL ACOMPLAMIENTO DE LÓCUSES MORFOLOGICOS E ISOFERMENTICOS EN GIRASOL / GENETIQUE DES ISOFERMENTS ET LIAISON DES LOCUS MORPHOLOGIQUES ET CEUX-CI D’ISOFERMENTS AU TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (33) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
V.V. Kirichenko ◽  
V.N. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Esterase Loci ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

SUMMARY The genetics of anodal esterase (Est), cathodal esterase (cEst), cathodal acid phosphatase (cAcp) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh) has been studied in mature seeds and leaves (genetics of cAcp and Mdh has not been studied in leaves) of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). A total of ten loci (four loci of anodal esterase, two loci of cathodal esterase, three loci of malate dehydrogenase and one locus of cathodal acid phosphatase) have been identified and described. Five esterase loci (Est1, Est2, Est3, Est4, cEst5), three malate dehydrogenase loci and one locus of cathodal acid phosphatase are expressed in seeds. Three esterase loci (Est2, cEst5 and cEst6) are expressed in leaves. The analysis of linkage between these loci has been made. Two linkage groups have been found. The sequence of the loci in the first linkage group was Mdh2-Est1- Est2-Est3-cEst5. In the second linkage group it was Est4-cAcp1. Linkages have been analyzed between three isoenzymatic loci expressed in leaves and between two loci controlling morphological traits (branched stem and male fertility restoration). The linkage between morphological traits and isoenzymatic loci has not been revealed. It has been revealed in Br-Rf pair.

scholarly journals The Nature and Genetic Control of a Red Anthocyanin Pigment in the Root Meristems of Phalaris

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Mowllliam JR Mowllliam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Gene Marker ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Root Meristems

A red anthocyanin pigment which occurs in the root meristems of certain PhalariB species has been identified as a glycoside of pelargonidin. The pigment has been observed only in plants of the three polyploid species P. minor, P. tuberosa, and P. arundinacea, and is absent in the diploid members of the genus. Genetic studies indicate that the character is simply inherited, involving a single major dominant gene controlling the production of the pigment, and a series of modifier genes influencing the level of its expression. In P. minor, a self.pollinating annual, the gene is widespread and homozygous, but in P. tuberosa and P. arundinacea, both cross-pollinating perennials, it occurs at low frequency largely as the hetero-zygote, and is restricted to certain areas within the range of the distribution of these species. The origin of the gene in Phalaris, and its possible adaptive significance is discussed. Also its value as a single gene marker in breeding studies is indicated.

scholarly journals The complete amino acid sequence of the low molecular weight cytosolic acid phosphatase

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. 2560-2567
Author(s):  
G Camici ◽  
G Manao ◽  
G Cappugi ◽  
A Modesti ◽  
M Stefani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Complete Amino Acid Sequence

scholarly journals Genetic control of alcohol dehydrogenase in the Japanese species of Trillium.

1981 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki IHARA ◽  
Toru ENDO
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Japanese Species

scholarly journals Rat liver alcohol dehydrogenase. Purification and properties

1971 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Arslanian ◽  
E Pascoe ◽  
J G Reinhold
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
A Minor

Alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) from the rat liver supernatant fraction has been purified 200-fold and partially characterized. The isolation procedure involved ammonium sulphate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography and gel filtration. The purified enzyme behaved as a homogeneous preparation as evaluated by cellulose acetate and polyacrylamide-gel disc electrophoresis. Sulphoethyl-Sephadex chromatography and immunoelectrophoresis with rabbit antiserum indicated the presence of a minor component. Rat liver alcohol dehydrogenase appears to contain 4mol of zinc/mol, has an estimated molecular weight of 65000 and consists of two subunits of similar molecular weight. Heavy-metal ions, thiol-blocking reagents, urea at concentrations below 8m, low pH (5.5) and chelating agents deactivate the enzyme but do not dissociate it into subunits. Deactivated enzyme could not be reactivated. The enzyme is strictly specific for NAD+ and has a broad specificity for alcohols, which are bound at a hydrophobic site. Inhibition occurred with the enzyme equilibrated with Zn2+ at concentrations above 0.1mm.

The "reindeer" mutation and a revision of linkage groups V and X in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Dominant Mutation ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Group V ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Dominant Mutants

Reindeer (Rd) is a dominant mutation affecting antenna morphology in the tenebrionid flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. In contrast with most dominant mutants previously described for this species, homozygotes are fully viable, thus making Rd very useful for genetic studies. Rd is tentatively assigned to either linkage group IX or X. Abbreviated appendages (aa), formerly placed in linkage group X, is reassigned to linkage group V on the basis of demonstrated linkage to jet (j).Key words: Tribolium, mutation Rd, linkage, antenna morphology.

The Cloning and Mapping of ADR6, a Gene Required for Sporulation and for Expression of the Alcohol Dehydrogenase II Isozyme From Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-540
Author(s):  
Aileen K W Taguchi ◽  
Elton T Young
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Transcription Unit ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Recessive Mutation ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Upstream Activating Sequence ◽  
A Site

ABSTRACT The alcohol dehydrogenase II (ADH2) gene of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is not transcribed during growth on fermentable carbon sources such as glucose. Growth of yeast cells in a medium containing only nonfermentable carbon sources leads to a marked increase or derepression of ADH2 expression. The recessive mutation, adr6-1, leads to an inability to fully derepress ADH2 expression and to an inability to sporulate. The ADR6 gene product appears to act directly or indirectly on ADH2 sequences 3' to or including the presumptive TATAA box. The upstream activating sequence (UAS) located 5' to the TATAA box is not required for the Adr6- phenotype. Here, we describe the isolation of a recombinant plasmid containing the wild-type ADR6 gene. ADR6 codes for a 4.4-kb RNA which is present during growth both on glucose and on nonfermentable carbon sources. Disruption of the ADR6 transcription unit led to viable cells with decreased ADHII activity and an inability to sporulate. This indicates that both phenotypes result from mutations within a single gene and that the adr6-1 allele was representative of mutations at this locus. The ADR6 gene mapped to the left arm of chromosome XVI at a site 18 centimorgans from the centromere.

scholarly journals QTL Across Fruit Development in Red Raspberry, A Study of A Primocane X Biennial Raspberry Population.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Graham ◽  
Kay Smith ◽  
Katrin MacKenzie ◽  
Linda Milne ◽  
Nikki Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Second Year

Abstract Background The changing climate is altering timing of key fruit ripening processes and increasing the occurrence of fruit defects. This work aimed to expand our knowledge of the genetic control of the ripening process in raspberry by examining a biennial x primocane F1 population to determine if the progeny exhibited both primocane and biennial flowering modes, which if any was dominant, and to identify QTL and genome locations associated with fruit development to understand how developmental control in this population differs from a biennial x biennial F1 population previously studied. Results The progeny from this biennial x primocane population exhibited primocane fruiting completing their lifecycle in a single season and also fruiting on second-year wood not removed in season one. QTL associated with rate of fruit development were identified on both primocane and fruiting canes with both parents impacting. Conclusions Novel QTL associated with the developmental process of primocane fruiting were identified. These in the main, differed from developmental QTL for similar developmental stages on fruiting canes (second year canes) with only one significant overlap on linkage group 6. In general, the process of development on fruiting canes overall differed from that in a biennial x biennial population, with the differences being greatest on linkage groups 3 and 6 suggesting control of development differs in the different fruiting types. Further understanding will be achieved by examining genome regions linked to QTL to allow breeding to meet climate requirements for yield stability.

scholarly journals Kualitas Minyak Bunga Matahari Komersial dan Minyak Hasil Ekstraksi Biji Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewa G Katja
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Sunflower Seed Oil

KUALITAS MINYAK BUNGA MATAHARI KOMERSIAL DAN MINYAK HASIL EKSTRAKSI BIJI BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annuus L.) ABSTRAK Minyak komersial dan minyak hasil ekstrasi dari biji bunga matahari melalui uji kadar air, kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida. Analisis hasil ekstrak biji bunga matahari diperoleh kadar air 0,43%, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,47% dan bilangan persoksida 5,22 mek/kg. analisis minyak komersial diperoleh kadar air 0,21%, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,28% dan bilangan peroksida 4,18 mek/kg. Hasil analisis dengan kromatografi gas kedua sampel menunjukkan kadar asam lemak bebas berbeda.       Berdasarkan uji kualitas yang dilakukan terhadap kedua sampel yang dianalisis terdapat hasil yang diperoleh tidak memenuhi syarat yang ditentukan yakni kadar asam lemak bebas 0,08% dan bilangan peroksida 2 mek/kg. Kata kunci: Asam lemak bebas, bilangan proksida, minyak biji bunga matahari  QUALITY OF COMMERCIAL SUNFLOWER OIL AND OIL EXTRACTION SEEDS SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) ABSTRACT Experimental study of analyzing the extract oil from sunflower seed compare with the commercial sunflower seed oil according to the company standard which includes determining of moisture content, free fatty acid content, peroxide value and the fatty acids compositions is reported in this paper. The result show that the moisture content of the extract oil is 0,43%, free fatly acid content is 0,47%, and the peroxide value is 5,22% mek/Kg. For the commercial sunflower seed oil company product that is 0,21% for the moisture, free fatty acid is 0,28% and the peroxide value is 4,89 mek/Kg. The gas chromatography analysis indicated that the most fatty acid from both samples is linoleic acid. The quality of the extract sunflower seed oil has not been improved to conform with the commercial quality according to the company standard, that is 0,08% for the free fatty acid and 2 mek/Kg for the peroxide value. Keywords: Free fatty acid, peroxide value, sunflower seeds oil

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