Contraction-mediated glucose uptake is increased in men with impaired glucose tolerance

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Skov-Jensen ◽  
Mette Skovbro ◽  
Anne Flint ◽  
Jørn Wulff Helge ◽  
Flemming Dela
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Fat Percentage

Exercise superimposed on insulin stimulation is shown to increase muscle glucose metabolism and these two stimuli have synergistic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate glucose infusion rates (GIR) in groups with a wide variation in terms of insulin sensitivity during insulin stimulation alone and with superimposed exercise. Patients with type 2 diabetes, subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), healthy controls, and endurance-trained subjects were studied. The groups were matched for age and lean body mass (LBM), and differed in peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose concentration, and oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT). Each subject underwent a two-step sequential hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp. During the last 30 min of the 2nd clamp step, subjects exercised on a bicycle at 43% ± 2% of VO2 peak. In agreement with the OGTT data, the presence of different GIR during insulin stimulation alone demonstrated varying levels of insulin sensitivity between groups. However, the impairment of GIR in IGT observed during insulin stimulation alone was abolished compared to controls when exercise was superimposed on insulin stimulation. Humans with IGT are resistant to insulin-stimulated but not to exercise-induced glucose uptake.

scholarly journals No difference in exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during exercise in children with and without impaired glucose tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 724-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Chu ◽  
Katherine M. Morrison ◽  
Michael C. Riddell ◽  
Sandeep Raha ◽  
Brian W. Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Glucose Levels

The capacity to match carbohydrate (CHO) utilization with availability is impaired in insulin-resistant, obese adults at rest. Understanding exogenous carbohydrate (CHOexo) oxidation during exercise and its association to insulin resistance (IR) is important, especially in children at risk for type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to examine the oxidative efficiency of CHOexo during exercise in obese children with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Children attended two visits and were identified as NGT ( n = 22) or IGT ( n = 12) based on 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose levels of <7.8 mmol/l or ≥7.8 mmol/l, respectively. Anthropometry, body composition, and aerobic fitness (V̇o2max) were assessed. Insulin and glucose at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min during the OGTT were used to calculate measures of insulin sensitivity. On a separate day, a 13C-enriched CHO drink was ingested before exercise (3 × 20 min bouts) at 45% V̇o2max. Breath measurements were collected to calculate CHOexo oxidative efficiency. CHOexo oxidative efficiency during exercise was similar in IGT (17.0 ± 3.6%) compared with NGT (17.1 ± 4.4%) ( P = 0.90) despite lower whole body insulin sensitivity in IGT at rest ( P = 0.02). Area under the curve for insulin (AUCins) measured at rest during the OGTT was greater in IGT compared with NGT ( P = 0.04). The ability of skeletal muscle to utilize CHOexo was not impaired during exercise in children with IGT.

Insulin dynamics and biochemical markers for predicting impaired glucose tolerance in obese Thai youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (9-10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirapassorn Tirabanchasak ◽  
Sukumarn Siripunthana ◽  
Vichit Supornsilchai ◽  
Suttipong Wacharasindhu ◽  
Taninee Sahakitrungruang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Indices

AbstractSubjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. The predictors of IGT in obese youth are not well described.We studied 115 obese Thai children who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma glucose and insulin levels were calculated for assessment of β-cell function. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profile, and clinical parameters were also used to determine predictors of IGT.We found that three patients had T2DM and 30 subjects had IGT. IGT patients had significantly higher fasting glucose (FG), 1-h postload glucose, 2-h postload insulin, and lower whole-body insulin sensitivity indices than in normal glucose tolerance subjects whereas other indices were comparable. By ROC curve analyses, 1-h postload glucose was the best predictor of IGT, but FG or HbA1c represented a poor diagnostic tool for prediabetes screening. Subjects with 1-h OGTT glucose >155 mg/dL had significantly lower high-density lipoprotein levels, lower insulin sensitivity, and more insulin resistance than those with 1-h postload glucose of ≤155 mg/dL.Abnormal glucose tolerance is highly prevalent in obese Thai youth. Several fasting indices and HbA1c fail to predict IGT. An 1-h OGTT glucose of >155 mg/dL appears to be more associated with adverse insulin dynamics and metabolic profile than 2-h postload glucose.

scholarly journals Insulin and Proinsulin Dynamics Progressively Deteriorate From Within the Normal Range Toward Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norimitsu Murai ◽  
Naoko Saito ◽  
Eriko Kodama ◽  
Tatsuya Iida ◽  
Kentaro Mikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Context Slight elevations in plasma glucose (PG) manifest in advance of diabetes onset, but abnormalities in immunoreactive insulin (IRI), proinsulin (Pro), and adiponectin dynamics during this stage remain poorly understood. Objective The objective of this work is to investigate whether IRI and Pro dynamics become abnormal as glucose tolerance deteriorates from within the normal range toward impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), as well as the relationship between PG, and these dynamics and serum adiponectin levels. Design A cross-sectional study was designed. Setting This study took place at Jichi Medical University in Japan. Participants and Measurements PG, IRI, and Pro levels were determined in 1311 young Japanese individuals (age &lt; 40 years) with normal or IGT before and at 30, 60, and 120 minutes during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were assigned to 4 groups according to glucose tolerance, and then background factors, adiponectin levels, insulin sensitivity (SI), and insulin secretion (β) indexes were determined. Results PG levels as well as IRI and Pro levels 60 and 120 minutes after glucose-loading increased incrementally with deteriorating glucose tolerance. All measures of β and the SI measure index of insulin sensitivity (ISI)-Matsuda decreased incrementally. Serum adiponectin levels were not significantly different among the glucose tolerance groups, but were independently and negatively correlated with fasting glucose. Conclusions Early β decreased and postloading Pro levels became excessive in a progressive manner as glucose tolerance deteriorated from within the normal range toward IGT.

scholarly journals QOL-43. ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN CHILDREN TREATED FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii439-iii439
Author(s):  
Alexey Kalinin ◽  
Natalia Strebkova ◽  
Olga Zheludkova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

Abstract We examined 63 patients (40 males/23 females) after complex treatment of medulloblastoma. Patients had a median age (range) of 11.3 (5.5 ÷ 17.9) years. The median time after the end of treatment was 3.7 (1.5 ÷ 11.6) years. Endocrine disorders were detected with the following frequency: growth hormone deficiency - 98.41% (62 of 63 patients), thyroid hormone deficiency – 69.8% (44/63), adrenal hormone deficiency - 17.4% (11/63). Three cases (4.7%) of premature sexual development were also detected. Lipids levels, beta-cell function and insulin resistance (IR) during 2-h oral glucose tolerance test were evaluated. A mono frequent bioelectrical impedanciometer was used to measure body composition. Overweight (SDS BMI&gt; 1) was observed only in 16 patients (3 girls and 13 boys), obesity (SDS BMI&gt; 2) in 1 boy. Dyslipidemia was found in 34 patients (54%). All patients underwent oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin resistance (ISI Matsuda &lt;2.5 and/or HOMA-IR&gt; 3.2) was detected in 7 patients (11/1%), impaired glucose tolerance (120 min glucose ≥7.8 mmol / l) was observed in 2 patients with IR and in 2 patients without IR. At the same time, IR and impaired glucose tolerance were encountered in only 5 children with overweight and no one with obesity. All patients with impaired glucose tolerance had normal values of fasting glucose (4.3 ÷ 5.04 mmol / l) and HbA1c (4.8 ÷ 5.8%). A bioelectrical impedanciometer was used to measure body composition in 49 cases, the percentage of adipose tissue was increased in 14 patients (28%) with normal BMI.

scholarly journals Insulin sensitivity obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test and its relationship with birthweight

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yıldız Dallar ◽  
Dilek Dilli ◽  
Ilknur Bostancı ◽  
Elmas Öğüş ◽  
Şeyda Doğankoç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance
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