Creatine Ingestion Increases Anaerobic Capacity and Maximum Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Jacobs ◽  
Scott Bleue ◽  
Jack Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Creatine Monohydrate ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Supramaximal Exercise ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Key Words Metabolism

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that ingestion of creatine monohydrate increases anaerobic exercise capacity, as reflected by the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD). Subjects were assigned, double-blind, to placebo (PL, n = 12) or creatine (CR, n = 14) groups and ingested 5-g doses 4 times daily of artificial sweetener or artificially sweetened creatine monohydrate, respectively, for 5 days. On a separate day subjects exercised to exhaustion at 125%[Formula: see text]. After two familiarization trials, MAOD was again determined before treatment, after 5 days of PL or CR treatment, and 7 days later. MAOD increased after CR treatment from 4.04 ± 0.31 to 4.41 ± 034 L(p < .001) and remained elevated for another 7 days (4.31 ± 0.33, p < .001). Time to exhaustion also increased in CR from 130 ± 7 to 141 ± 7 s(p < .01) and remained increased for another 7 days (139 ± 8 s, p < .01). These data demonstrate that ingesting creatine monohydrate for 5 days increases the MAOD, and is likely to have an ergogenic effect on supramaximal exercise performance that persists for at least a week after treatment. Key words: metabolism, exercise, ergogenic, performance

Caffeine Improved Time to Exhaustion But Did Not Change Alternative Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit Estimated During a Single Supramaximal Running Bout

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo De Araujo Bonetti De Poli ◽  
Willian Eiji Miyagi ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Alessandro Moura Zagatto
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of acute caffeine supplementation on anaerobic capacity determined by the alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODALT) in running effort. Eighteen recreational male runners [29 ± 7years; total body mass 72.1 ± 5.8 kg; height 176.0 ± 5.4cm; maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) 55.8 ± 4.2 ml·kg-1 ·min-1] underwent a graded exercise test. Caffeine (6 mg·kg-1) or a placebo were administered 1 hr before the supramaximal effort at 115% of the intensity associated with VO2max in a double-blind, randomized cross-over study, for MAODALT assessment. The time to exhaustion under caffeine condition (130.2 ± 24.5s) was 11.3% higher (p = .01) than placebo condition (118.8 ± 24.9 s) and the qualitative inference for substantial changes showed a very likely positive effect (93%). The net participation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was significantly higher in the caffeine condition (p = .02) and showed a likely positive effect (90%) of 15.3% with caffeine supplementation. The time constant of abrupt decay of excess postexercise oxygen consumption (τ1) was significantly different between caffeine and placebo conditions (p = .03) and showed a likely negative effect (90%), decreasing -8.0% with caffeine supplementation. The oxygen equivalents estimated from the glycolytic and phosphagen metabolic pathways showed a possibly positive effect (68%) and possibly negative effect (78%) in the qualitative inference with caffeine ingestion, respectively. However, the MAODALT did not differ under the caffeine or placebo conditions (p = .68). Therefore, we can conclude that acute caffeine ingestion does not modify the MAODALT, reinforcing the robustness of this method. However, caffeine ingestion can alter the glycolytic and phosphagen metabolic pathway contributions to MAODALT.

scholarly journals Acute administration of high doses of taurine does not substantially improve high-intensity running performance and the effect on maximal accumulated oxygen deficit is unclear

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Milioni ◽  
Elvis de Souza Malta ◽  
Leandro George Spinola do Amaral Rocha ◽  
Camila Angélica Asahi Mesquita ◽  
Ellen Cristini de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute administration of taurine overload on time to exhaustion (TTE) of high-intensity running performance and alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODALT). The study design was a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Seventeen healthy male volunteers (age: 25 ± 6 years; maximal oxygen uptake: 50.5 ± 7.6 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed an incremental treadmill-running test until voluntary exhaustion to determine maximal oxygen uptake and exercise intensity at maximal oxygen uptake. Subsequently, participants completed randomly 2 bouts of supramaximal treadmill-running at 110% exercise intensity at maximal oxygen uptake until exhaustion (placebo (6 g dextrose) or taurine (6 g) supplementation), separated by 1 week. MAODALT was determined using a single supramaximal effort by summating the contribution of the phosphagen and glycolytic pathways. When comparing the results of the supramaximal trials (i.e., placebo and taurine conditions) no differences were observed for high-intensity running TTE (237.70 ± 66.00 and 277.30 ± 40.64 s; p = 0.44) and MAODALT (55.77 ± 8.22 and 55.06 ± 7.89 mL·kg−1; p = 0.61), which seem to indicate trivial and unclear differences using the magnitude-based inferences approach, respectively. In conclusion, acute 6 g taurine supplementation before exercise did not substantially improve high-intensity running performance and showed an unclear effect on MAODALT.

scholarly journals Remote ischemic preconditioning increases accumulated oxygen deficit in middle-distance runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1193-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Paull ◽  
Gary P. Van Guilder
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Division I ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Supramaximal Exercise ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

The mediators underlying the putative benefits of remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on dynamic whole body exercise performance have not been widely investigated. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that remote IPC improves supramaximal exercise performance in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I middle-distance runners by increasing accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD), an indicator of glycolytic capacity. A randomized sham-controlled crossover study was employed. Ten NCAA Division I middle-distance athletes [age: 21 ± 1 yr; maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max): 65 ± 7 ml·kg−1·min−1] completed three supramaximal running trials (baseline, after mock IPC, and with remote IPC) at 110% V̇o2max to exhaustion. Remote IPC was induced in the right arm with 4 × 5 min cycles of brachial artery ischemia with 5 min of reperfusion. Supramaximal AOD (ml/kg) was calculated as the difference between the theoretical oxygen demand required for the supramaximal running bout (linear regression extrapolated from ~12 × 5 min submaximal running stages) and the actual oxygen demand for these bouts. Remote IPC [122 ± 38 s, 95% confidence interval (CI): 94–150] increased ( P < 0.001) time to exhaustion 22% compared with baseline (99 ± 23 s, 95% CI: 82–116, P = 0.014) and sham (101 ± 30 s, 95% CI: 80–123, P = 0.001). In the presence of IPC, AOD was 47 ± 36 ml/kg (95% CI: 20.8–73.9), a 29% increase compared with baseline (36 ± 28 ml/kg, 95% CI: 16.3–56.9, P = 0.008) and sham (38 ± 32 ml/kg, 95% CI: 16.2–63.0, P = 0.024). Remote IPC considerably improved supramaximal exercise performance in NCAA Division I middle-distance athletes. Greater glycolytic capacity, as estimated by increased AOD, is a potential mediator for these performance improvements. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our novel findings indicate that ischemic preconditioning enhanced glycolytic exercise capacity, enabling National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) middle-distance track athletes to run ~22 s longer before exhaustion compared with baseline and mock ischemic preconditioning. The increase in “all-out” performance appears to be due to increased accumulated oxygen deficit, an index of better supramaximal capacity. Of note, enhanced exercise performance was demonstrated in a specific group of in-competition NCAA elite athletes that has already undergone substantial training of the glycolytic energy systems.

Anaerobic Capacity: A Maximal Anaerobic Running Test Versus the Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil S. Maxwell ◽  
Myra A. Nimmo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Exercise Treadmill

The present investigation evaluates a maximal anaerobic running test (MART) against the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) for the determination of anaerobic capacity. Essentially, this involved comparing 18 male students performing two randomly assigned supramaximal runs to exhaustion on separate days. Post warm-up and 1, 3, and 6 min postexercise capillary blood samples were taken during both tests for plasma blood lactate (BLa) determination. In the MART only, blood ammonia (BNH3) concentration was measured, while capillary blood samples were additionally taken after every second sprint for BLa determination. Anaerobic capacity, measured as oxygen equivalents in the MART protocol, averaged 112.2 ± 5.2 ml∙kg−1∙min−1. Oxygen deficit, representing the anaerobic capacity in the MAOD test, was an average of 74.6 ± 7.3 ml∙kg−1. There was a significant correlation between the MART and MAOD (r =.83, p <.001). BLa values obtained over time in the two tests showed no significant difference, nor was there any difference in the peak BLa recorded. Peak BNH3 concentration recorded was significantly increased from resting levels at exhaustion during the MART. Key words: supramaximal intermittent exercise, treadmill running performance, blood lactate, ammonia

Assessment of Child-Specific Aerobic Fitness and Anaerobic Capacity by the Use of the Power-Time Relationships Constants

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwan Leclair ◽  
Benoit Borel ◽  
Delphine Thevenet ◽  
Georges Baquet ◽  
Patrick Mucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Power ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Anaerobic Work Capacity ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Anaerobic Work

This study first aimed to compare critical power (CP) and anaerobic work capacity (AWC), to laboratory standard evaluation methods such as maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD). Secondly, this study compared child and adult CP and AWC values. Subjects performed a maximal graded test to determine V̇O2max and maximal aerobic power (MAP); and four constant load exercises. In children, CP (W.kg−1) was related to V̇O2max (ml.kg−1.min−1; r = .68; p = .004). AWC (J.kg−1) in children was related to MAOD (r = .58; p = .018). Children presented lower AWC (J.kg−1; p = .001) than adults, but similar CP (%MAP) values. CP (%MAP and W.kg−1) and AWC (J.kg−1) were significantly related to laboratory standard evaluation methods but low correlation indicated that they cannot be used interchangeably. CP (%MAP) was similar in children and adults, but AWC (J.kg−1) was significantly lower in children. These conclusions support existing knowledge related to child-adults characteristics.

scholarly journals Acute LED irradiation does not change the anaerobic capacity and time to exhaustion during a high-intensity running effort: a double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1473-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvis De Souza Malta ◽  
Rodrigo Araujo Bonetti De Poli ◽  
Gabriel Motta Pinheiro Brisola ◽  
Fabio Milioni ◽  
Willian Eiji Miyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Led Irradiation

Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit of Resistance-Trained Men

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Pizza ◽  
Thomas A. Naglieri ◽  
Robert W. Holtz ◽  
Joel B. Mitchell ◽  
Raymond D. Starling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
The Relationship

The primary purpose of the study was to compare maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) in resistance-trained (RT), endurance-trained (ET), and untrained men (UT). A secondary purpose was to determine the influence of leg muscle mass (MM) on MAOD by examining the relationship between MM and MAOD and by comparing MAOD expressed relative to MM between the groups. MAOD was determined during 2-4 min of constant-load fatiguing cycling. MM, estimated via anthropometric measurements, was higher (p <.05) for RT (mean ± SE; 25.5 ± 3.4 kg) compared to ET (20.3 ± 3.5) and UT (21.6 ± 3.4). MAOD in liters O2 eq was larger in RT (4.75 ± 0.3) compared to UT (3.07 ± 0.3) and ET (3.75 ± 0.3). A significant positive correlation was observed between MAOD (LO2 eq) and MM (kg) for RT only (RT, r =.85; ET, r =.55; UT, r =.20). Based on the correlational and mean MM data, the higher MAOD (LO2 eq) in RT relative to ET and UT is predominantly the result of their larger leg muscle mass. Key words: exercise, anaerobic capacity, muscle mass

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