Survey of household hazardous waste generation and collection preferences in the City of Vancouver

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Jones ◽  
J. W. Atwater
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Household Hazardous Waste ◽  
The City ◽  
Collection Programs ◽  
Collection Program

A survey of over 200 households in Vancouver was conducted to determine stored quantities and generation characteristics of household hazardous wastes (HHW). Respondents were also asked to identify their preferences and concerns regarding the design of a collection program for these wastes. The results were used to estimate the quantities of HHW disposed of annually, and the quantities and profiles of wastes that could be received at a typical depot collection program in the City. Different operating parameters for both depot collection programs and household collection programs were compared and evaluated for effectiveness. Public willingness to participate in different collection programs was evaluated, and the collection needs of different residential areas were assessed. Several differences in waste generation and public willingness to participate were noted between areas of apartment dwellers and detached residence dwellers, and of high and low income levels. Recommendations were made to assist in the design of an effective HHW collection program for the City of Vancouver. Alternatives for the design of a collection program were developed. Key words: household hazardous waste, solid waste, household waste, hazardous waste, waste collection, small quantity generator, waste generation, special waste.

Methodological foundations for calculating the parameters of collection points for electronic household waste

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Huong Nguyen ◽  
Oleg Nikolaevich Larin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Logistic Support ◽  
The City ◽  
And Storage

The article is devoted to the study of the parameters of collection points for electronic household waste. These points serve for the reception and storage of e-waste, the source of which is the public and which are an integral part of the logistic support scheme for the e-waste disposal process. The study is based on a survey of residents of the city of Hanoi in Vietnam and additional documents from the official websites of organizations on the current situation with the generated e-waste. The article identified such parameters as the potential average daily volume of e-waste generation, as well as the required number and volume of points for receiving and collecting waste, as well as the storage time of waste to achieve the lowest associated logistics costs.

Results of a Regional Household Hazardous Waste Collection Program in Barnstable County, Massachusetts

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
DAVID S. BLACKMAR ◽  
SCOTT W. HORSELY ◽  
LORRAINE SEGALL ◽  
ALAN WOOLF
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Household Hazardous Waste ◽  
Collection Program

Household hazardous wastes: options for management

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Carol Boyle ◽  
Brian Baetz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Waste Reuse ◽  
Waste Incinerators ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Reuse Options ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Household Hazardous Waste ◽  
Collection Programs

Household hazardous waste (HHW) disposal contributes significantly to the cost of HHW collection programs. In addition, disposal of HHW can contribute to the toxicity of leachate from landfill, heavy metals in ash from waste incinerators, and heavy metals and toxic organic compounds in composted material and sewage sludge. Other options such as product substitution, waste minimization, reuse, or recycling should be considered to help reduce costs and disposal concerns. An estimate of the volumes and types of HHW accumulated by collection programs, their recycling and reuse options, and treatment and disposal requirements are presented.Recycling, reuse, or disposal of collected wastes depends upon the market for the recycled material, the availability of recycling or disposal facilities, transportation facilities, and the potential to reuse the waste material without treatment. The costs of disposing of HHW are relatively high but can be offset by co-funding from manufacturing associations and local businesses. A disposal fee could also be applied to household hazardous products, thus placing the cost burden on the purchaser.Public education can assist in reducing the volumes of HHW and public pressure is also forcing companies to eliminate hazardous compounds in household products. If effective consumer education continues, the increasing demand for non-hazardous substitutes will significantly reduce the volume of household hazardous products, consequently reducing HHW. Key words: household hazardous waste, waste disposal, waste recycling, waste reuse, waste management.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Municipal Solid Waste for Planning Sustainable Waste Management in Kumba Municipality – South Western Cameroon

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Tambe ◽  
G.C. Ayongwa ◽  
N.M. Ngwabie ◽  
G.T. Forbid
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
West Region ◽  
Per Capita

Municipal solid waste (MSW) characterisation across socioeconomic residents is necessary for planning sustainable solid waste management. In view of planning for Kumba municipality in the South West Region of Cameroon, three types of socioeconomic residents classified as low, medium and high income residential areas were randomly sampled. In each residential area, 32 households were sampled following systematic random sampling. Over a period of eight weeks within three periods characterised with varying activities, statistically designed number of samples for waste composition were hand sorted and weighed at source of generation. The study revealed that the per capita generation of putrescible and miscellaneous wastes (predominantly sand, ash and dust) were statistically different (p < 0.05) across residents and were inversely related to income while the generation of plastics, metals, papers, glass except textiles were statistically different across residents and were positively related to income. Putrescible waste was the most predominant waste category constituting more than 75% across residents. No significant differences were observed for per capita waste generation across residents during the entire period of study and within residents during the different periods over which the waste categories were measured. However, within the different periods, waste generation was significantly different across residents with more waste being produced in low income residents. The waste density was found to decrease with increasing income. The observed variation of waste generation and composition has implications for collection frequency, equipment needs, composting and digestion of the biodegradable for biogas generation to sustain the solid waste management sector.

scholarly journals Production et gestion des huiles usées de la ville de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1176-1190
Author(s):  
Barthélémy Yelemou ◽  
Honoré Gnamou ◽  
Georges Yameogo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
The City

La production des déchets est inhérente aux activités humaines, qu’elles soient domestiques, agricoles, industrielles ou commerciales. A la faveur d’une urbanisation galopante et de ses corollaires, l’assainissement et la gestion des déchets sont devenus des préoccupations importantes. Si la situation de déchets ménagers semble connaître une évolution dans la capitale burkinabé, ce n’est pas le cas pour les déchets des industries et des transports comme les huiles usées. Ce travail avait pour objectif d’étudier la production et la gestion des huiles usées dans la ville de Ouagadougou. La méthodologie de cette étude a été basée sur des observations et des enquêtes spécifiques auprès des groupes cibles. Les résultats obtenus ont montré qu’environ 5 721 459,45 litres d’huiles usée ont été générées à Ouagadougou en 2017. Les huiles usées sont exportées à 11%, utilisées par l’industrie locale à 67% et à 22% à des fins personnelles diverses. Les conséquences sont diverses sur l’environnement. Il apparaît nécessaire vu les différents usages prohibés que le domaine soit mieux réglementé. Waste generation is inherent in human activities, whether domestic, agricultural, industrial or commercial. Thanks to rampant urbanization and its corollaries, sanitation and waste management have become major concerns. While the household waste situation seems to be changing in the Burkinabé capital, this is not the case for industrial and transport waste such as used oils. This work aimed at studying the production and management of used oils in the city of Ouagadougou. The methodology of this study was based on observations and surveys specific to the target groups. The results obtained showed that approximately 5,721,459.45 liters of used oil are generated in Ouagadougou. Used oils are exported at 11%, used by local industry at 67% and 22% for various personal purposes. The consequences for the environment are diverse. It appears necessary, given the various prohibited uses, for the area to be better regulated.

scholarly journals Fig. 7. Maps of census tracts in the City of Johannesburg district municipality. Census tracts are colored by relative street greenness (A, D), income (B) and race (C, E). The height of census tracts in D and E represents income. Empty space within the city represents non-residential areas that were not accounted for in the 2011 census.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zander S Venter ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton ◽  
Francini Van Staden ◽  
Odirile Sebogoe ◽  
Vanessa A Masterson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Urban South ◽  
The City

<p>Urban green infrastructure provides ecosystem services that are essential to human wellbeing. A dearth of national-scale assessments in the Global South has precluded the ability to explore how political regimes, such as the forced racial segregation in South Africa during and after Apartheid, have influenced the extent of and access to green infrastructure over time. We investigate whether there are disparities in green infrastructure distributions across race and income geographies in urban South Africa. Using open-source satellite imagery and geographic information, along with national census statistics, we find that public and private green infrastructure is more abundant, accessible, greener and more treed in high-income relative to low-income areas, and in areas where previously advantaged racial groups (i.e. White citizens) reside.</p><br>

Current management of household hazardous waste (HHW) in the Asian region

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-426
Author(s):  
Agni Amurbatami Manggali ◽  
Dewi Susanna
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Household Hazardous Waste

Abstract Background This review intends to explore the household hazardous waste (HHW) generation rates, HHW management, and people’s awareness regarding HHW in Asian countries based on the economic levels using the available published articles. Methods This is a systematic review of the scientific literature based on several databases, namely Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, Sage Journals, and Elsevier’s Science Direct from 2008 to 2018. Results HHW generation rates in various Asian cities do not seem to be influenced by the countries’ financial status, except for e-waste. The variety in HHW generation rates among Asian countries might be due to various reasons, which include differences in (1) sampling frame/locations; (2) sampling size; (3) study duration; (4) seasons; (5) study year; and (6) HHW definition/composition. Governmental intervention programs on HHW management have been implemented in some of the Asian countries, mostly in high and upper-middle income groups although misconducts are still found. There is a tendency for economically developed countries to ship their e-waste to less-developed countries, where the system relies heavily on the informal sectors where unsafe treatments are often discovered. Low level of awareness regarding HHW risks is mostly identified in the lower-middle income group. However, even though high and upper-middle income groups have a better awareness of HHW, many people do not entirely follow the recommended practices. Conclusion The lack of enforced regulation and proper treatment infrastructure may lead to HHW being mixed with general household waste, which is found in many Asian countries, despite their income levels. In addition, a good awareness of HHW does not guarantee proper handling of it.

74. Location of Cardiac Arrests: Implications for AED Placement

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (S2) ◽  
pp. S47-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Atkins ◽  
Brian S. Zachariah
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
Urban Fire ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Business District ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Hypothesis: First responder organizations with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) can have a larger impact on survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest than placing AEDs in large buildings.Methods: To evaluate the impact, all cardiac arrests handled by a large urban fire department for 1994 were analyzed. Each 5.6 square mile area of the city was defined as business (Bus), high (HilRes), middle (MilRes), or low income (LoIRes) residential. For each area, the CPR rates were calculated for the number of arrests/100 ambulance dispatches, and were stratified by percent of adults over age 65.Results: Of the 1,222 cardiac arrests, only 85 occurred in business and industrial areas, 1,041 occurred in residential areas. The downtown business district had only 77 arrests with half of those being outside of buildings or in shelters.

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