PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS IN A CLAY–PROTEIN PASTE SYSTEM ANALOGOUS TO SOIL

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Skujins ◽  
E. F. Estermann ◽  
A. D. McLaren
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Substrate Protein ◽  
Sterile Technique ◽  
Lag Period

The proteolytic specificity of a purified proteinase, Nagarse, of Bacillus subtilis N′ towards denatured lysozyme was compared with that of the organism growing in a model soil system consisting of a heat-denatured lysozyme–kaolinite complex in a paste form which represents the natural habitat of soil organisms. The use of a sterile technique and a specially designed apparatus permitted periodic withdrawal of nonadsorbed and nonassimilated proteolysis products from the medium; such products were formed by the proteolytic activity of exoenzymes excreted by B. subtilis N′. A chromatographic comparison was made between the proteolysis products of B. subtilis N′ growing in the lysozyme–kaolinite system and those of the proteinase Nagarse acting on denatured lysozyme in solution; some differences were observed. The growth rate studies indicated that the lag period of growth of B. subtilis N′ in the lysozyme–kaolinite complex extended up to one day. The bacteria excreted exoenzymes during this lag period, which hydrolyzed the substrate protein, but the proteolysis products were not assimilated until the exponential growth period started.

scholarly journals Real-time quantitative PCR assay on bacterial DNA: In a model soil system and environmental samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaila Kabir ◽  
Narasimmalu Rajendran ◽  
Takashi Amemiya ◽  
Kiminori Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Quantitative Pcr Assay

Exploring the impact of Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles on a model soil microorganism Bacillus subtilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 109421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Auger ◽  
Céline Henry ◽  
Christine Péchaux ◽  
Nathalie Lejal ◽  
Valentina Zanet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mg Doped

Cadmium phytoavailability evaluation in rice-soil system using a field capacity-derived soil solution extraction: An entire growth period study in subtropical China

2019 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 104315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Chen ◽  
Pei-Qin Peng ◽  
Jian Long ◽  
Xin-Yang Li ◽  
Xianqing Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Soil System

Toxicity of the antimicrobial oxytetracycline to soil organisms in a multi-species-soil system (MS·3) and influence of manure co-addition

2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Boleas ◽  
Carmen Alonso ◽  
Javier Pro ◽  
Carlos Fernández ◽  
Gregoria Carbonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Co Addition

Proteolytic activity of two commercial proteinases from Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus subtilis on ovine and bovine caseins

1991 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina López-Fandiño ◽  
Mercedes Ramos ◽  
Estrella Fernández-García ◽  
Agustin Olano
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Commercial Enzymes ◽  
Fungal Protease ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

SummaryElectrophoretic analysis of the action of two commercial enzymes, Neutrase 0·5 and MKC Fungal Protease, on whole casein and αs-, β- and κ-caseins from cows' and ewes' milk showed that Neutrase 0·5 chiefly degraded β-casein, giving rise to peptides soluble at pH 4·6 detectable by PAGE. In contrast, although MKC Fungal Protease caused intense hydrolysis of bovine β-casein, in ovine casein it resulted in more active degradation of αs- than β-casein. The latter enzyme did not produce peptides soluble at pH 4·6 detectable by PAGE. Both enzymes degraded κ-casein, yielding a breakdown product that exhibited an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of the breakdown product produced by the action of commercial rennet.

scholarly journals Screening and Characterisation of Keratin-Degrading Bacillus sp. from Feather Waste

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
M. T. Dada ◽  
S. M. Wakil
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Feather Degradation ◽  
Feather Waste ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: This study focuses on the screening and characterisation of keratin-degrading Bacillus species from feather waste. Methods: Nine bacteria were isolated from feather waste obtained from a poultry layout at Egbeda local government secretariat, Ibadan, Nigeria. These bacteria were grown in basal medium with feather as primary source of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and energy. Feather degrading bacteria were screened for both proteolytic activity and keratin degradation on skimmed milk agar and keratin azure medium respectively. They were also screened for their ability to degrade other keratin substrates such as hair and nail. Results: Three of the isolates with higher feather degradation levels also showed high proteolytic activity and release of azure dye. They were selected and identified phenotypically and genotypically using 16S rRNA sequencing as Bacillus licheniformis-K51, Bacillus subtilis-K50 and Bacillus sp.-K53. The bacteria were capable of degrading other keratin-containing substrates such as nail and hair. Bacillus subtilis-K50 and Bacillus licheniformis-K51 showed significant difference (P) in degradation among the three different keratin sources used yielding higher degradation with feather as keratin source with respective optical densities of 0.07 and 0.11 followed by hair and least in nails with optical densities of 0.05 and 0.07 respectively. Highest degradation of all the three keratin substrates was observed in Bacillus licheniformis-K51. Conclusion: The three isolated bacteria possess the ability to degrade keratin and utilize feather as keratin substrate. As a result, these can be considered as potential candidates for degradation and utilization of feather keratin.

scholarly journals Fungal Cellulases XI. The Nature of the Inductive Process for Aryl ?-Glucosidase in Stachybotrys Atra

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJ Ermyn
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Inductive Effect ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Kcal Mole ◽  
Growth Respiration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Stachybotrys Atra

The properties of the inductive process for the aryl F/.glucosidase of S. atra are described. The induction appears to be independent of growth, respiration, and the uptake of measurable quantities of inducer into the cell. There is a lag period in the induction, the length of which depends on the physiological history of the mould and the temperature of induction; the temperature effect appears to be governed by a process with activation energy of 16 kcal/mole. The amount of inducible enzyme for a given sample of the mould appears to be equal to that which would have eventually been produced "constitutively" at the end of the growth period. The induction is inhibited competitively by monoses; this effect is reversed competitively by 3�0-methyl glucose. 3-0-Methyl glucose has a con-siderable inducer activity in its own right, and also stimulates the inductive effect due to thioglucoside. The only other inhibitors found are streptomycin and S-aminoethyl-L-cysteine. The effect of the latter is reversed by DL-lysine. No other substance known or expected to have an effect on cellular protein-synthesizing systems inhibited the induction.

Rate and timing of vegetative growth, flowering and fruit development of Persoonia virgata (Proteaceae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Bauer ◽  
M. E. Johnston ◽  
R. R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Main Growth

Persoonia virgata R.Br. is harvested from the wild in both its vegetative and flowering stages. There has been no systematic study published on the annual growth cycle and anecdotal reports are conflicting. The growth pattern, flowering and fruit development of P. virgata in its natural habitat was recorded monthly for two consecutive years. The main growth period occurred in late spring–mid-autumn (November–May) when the shrubs were producing little or no fruit. Very few open flowers were observed at the site over the 2 years, with only 6.7 and 12.7% of stems bearing open flowers in January and February 1996, respectively. A second study of flowering on container-grown shrubs showed that individual flowers were open for only 2–5 days, with individual stems taking 3–8.5 weeks to complete flowering. The main fruit growth period occurred from May to September, and in June and July 1996 the total fruit set per stem was 41.6 and 36.1%, respectively. The fruit took at least 6 months to develop during which vegetative growth was minimal. The harvesting of plants in the flowering or fruiting stages removes the annual seed crop, which may reduce regeneration of this obligate seed regenerator and threaten its survival after fire.

scholarly journals Reduction of Proteolytic Activity of Bacillus subtilis Proteases by Acidification of Milk before Cheddar Cheese Manufacture

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenko Puhan ◽  
Donald M. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Cheddar Cheese
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