Antifungal properties of 2-alkynoic acids and their methyl esters

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Gershon ◽  
Larry Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Alkanoic Acids ◽  
Mucor Mucedo ◽  
Partition Behavior

Thirteen 2-alkynoic acids and their methyl esters (C3–C12, C14, C16, and C18) were tested against Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, and Myrothecium verrucaria in Sabouraud dextrose agar at pH 4.0 and 5.6. Toxicity to Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Mucor mucedo was determined in the same medium at pH 5.6 and 7.0 in the absence and presence of 10% beef serum. The fungitoxicity of the acids was influenced by chain length, pH of the medium, and absence or presence of adsorbents. The toxicity of the esters was influenced primarily by chain length and to a lesser extent by the pH of the medium and the presence of beef serum. The order of activity of the 2-alkynoic acids is C10 = C11 = C12 > C14 = C16 > C9 > C8 > C7.When compared with other fatty acid analogs, the order of fungitoxicity on a weight basis is 2-alkynoic acids > 2-alkenoic acids > alkanoic acids > 2-bromoalkanoic acids > 2-fluoroalkanoic acids. There is an inverse relationship between chain length and pKa of the acids, suggesting that partition behavior is a fundamental determinant of fungitoxicity along with the effect of adsorbents.

Fungitoxicity of 1,4-naphthoquinones to Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1317-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Gershon ◽  
Larry Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Weak Electron

Twenty-one substituted 1,4-naphthoquinones and five 8-quinolinols and copper(II) chelates were tested for antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Compounds containing electron-releasing or weak electron-withdrawing groups in the 2 and 3 positions of the 1,4-naphthoquinone ring were the most active against C. albicans at pH 7.0 in the presence of beef serum in the following order: 2-CH3O = 2,3-(CH3O)2 > 2-CH3 > 2-CH3S > 2-NH2 > 2,6-(CH3)2. For T. mentagrophytes under the same conditions the inhibitory 1,4-naphthoquinones contained the substituents 2-CH3O > 2,3-(CH3O)2 > 2-CH3S > 2-CH3 > 2-CH3(NaHSO3) > 2-NH2 > 2-C2H5S, 3-CH3 > 2,6-(CH3)2 > 2,3-Cl2 > 5,8-(OH)2.

Étude des caractéristiques physicochimiques et de l’activité antifongique des huiles essentielles d’Erigeron floribundus (Kunth.) Sch. Bip

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Tia ◽  
A.A. Adima ◽  
C. Menut
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Huiles Essentielles ◽  
Huile Essentielle ◽  
Plantes Médicinales ◽  
Médecine Traditionnelle ◽  
Milieu Rural ◽  
Erigeron Floribundus

L’usage des plantes médicinales connaît un regain d’intérêt. Cela est lié à la toxicité des produits chimiques, au coût élevé des médicaments chimiques, à l’éloignement et/ou l’insuffisance des centres de santé surtout en milieu rural. L’objectif général de cette étude était d’évaluer les potentialités thérapeutiques de l’huile essentielle des feuilles de l’espèce Erigeron floribundus utilisées en médecine traditionnelle en Côte-d’Ivoire. Les rendements en huile essentielle des feuilles d’Erigeron floribundus varient de 0,16 % pour les feuilles fraîches et de 0,31 % pour les feuilles séchées. Les indices physiques et chimiques de ces huiles essentielles sont en adéquation avec les critères de qualité des huiles essentielles selon la norme Afnor. L’effet antifongique des deux types d’huiles essentielles a été très remarquable sur les souches fongiques testées, notamment Trichophyton mentagrophytes et Aspergillus fumigatus, avec un effet moindre sur Candida albicans. Cette étude valide ainsi scientifiquement les usages traditionnels des extraits de la plante Erigeron floribundus en médecine traditionnelle.

scholarly journals Frecuencia de dermatomicosis y factores asociados en población vulnerable de la ciudad de Manizales. Colombia. 2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Gloria Ines Estrada Salazar ◽  
José A. Chacón-Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Cutaneous Mycosis

Resumen:Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de las dermatomicosis en personas de diferentes instituciones de atención social en la ciudad de Manizales durante el año 2011. Método: Mediante la toma de muestras de los sitios que presentaban algún tipo de lesión sospechosa de ser una micosis cutánea, se hizo un análisis directo con KOH y cultivo en medios de Saboureaud y Mycosel. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección de información para establecer  factores asociados con la presencia de estos microorganismos.Resultados: Los hongos levaduriformes encontrados con mayor frecuencia fueron: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp, y los mohos saprofitos Penicillium sp, fusarium sp; seguido de hongos dermatofitos como: Trichophyton mentagrophites, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum y Microsporum gypseum. Las lesiones secas y descamativas se encontraron con mayor frecuencia. El compartir baños y vivir en hacinamiento y el uso de elementos comunes fueron los factores asociados más importantes en este estudio.Conclusiones. Las dermatomicosis son frecuentes en poblaciones vulnerables y se asocian a diferentes factores muy similares a los encontrados en otros estudios de igual naturaleza.    Palabras clave: dermatomicosis, onicomicosis, jóvenes, ancianos, factores asociados. Summary:Objective: To determine the frequency of ringworm in people of different social care institutions in the city of Manizales in 2011.Method: Using the sampling sites that had some kind of suspicious lesion from a cutaneous mycosis, direct analysis with KOH and culture media was Saboureaud and Mycosel. An instrument of data collection was used to establish factors associated with the presence of these microorganisms.Results: The yeast found most frequently were: Candida albicans, Trichosporon sp and Penicillium molds saprophytes sp, Fusarium sp, followed by dermatophyte fungi such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum. Dry scaly lesions were found more frequently. The shared bathrooms and living in overcrowded and the use of common elements were the most important in this study associated factors.Conclusions: Dermatomycoses are common in vulnerable populations and are associated with different very similar to those found in other studies of the same nature factors. Keywords: ringworm, onychomycosis, young, old, associated factors.

Déplacements homolytiques intramoléculaires. 4. Thermolyse du perpentène-4 oate de tert-butyle dans les acides et leurs derivés: préparation de γ-butyrolactones substituées en 4 par un groupe comportant une fonction ester, acide ou nitrile

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 2522-2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kharrat ◽  
C. Gardrat ◽  
B. Maillard
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Homolytic Reaction ◽  
Alkanoic Acids

The thermolysis of tert-butylperpent-4-enoate in various solvents ZH (carboxylic acids, anhydrides, methyl esters, nitriles) led to γ-butyrolactones 4-substituted by the group ZCH2 with good yields. The acidic treatment of the lactones 4 and 6 derived from non-functionalized alkanoic acids and methyl esters gave respectively the isomerized lactones 5 and 7, increasing the synthetic interest of the studied homolytic reaction.

scholarly journals The influence of the size and nature of basic activators on Clostridium perfringens polynucleotide phosphorylase-catalysed polyadenylic acid synthesis

1969 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Fitt ◽  
Helga Wille
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Polynucleotide Phosphorylase ◽  
Enzymic Hydrolysis ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Polyadenylic Acid

1. Basic oligo- and poly-(amino acids) stimulate polyadenylic acid synthesis by purified Clostridium perfringens polynucleotide phosphorylase (nucleoside diphosphate–polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.8). 2. The effectiveness of the activators increases with chain length up to approx. 20–30 residues. 3. Polymers of the l and dl series are equally effective on a weight-for-weight basis. 4. l-Lysine, d-lysine, diethylamine and triethylamine, as hydrochlorides or hydrobromides, all stimulate the reaction markedly if their concentration is high enough. Their effect is similar to that of sodium chloride. 5. The size of the product depends primarily on the Mg2+ concentration and basic polymers have a relatively limited effect on it. 6. Polyadenylic acid itself undergoes an Mg2+-catalysed non-enzymic hydrolysis.

THE SEPARATION OF SATURATED AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACID ESTERS BY GAS–LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1297-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Craig ◽  
N. L. Murty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silicone Grease ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Acid Esters

Fatty acid methyl esters are separated according to chain length by using washed silicone grease supported on 20–40 mesh C22 firebrick. By using a plasticizer on the firebrick support the same esters are separated according to both chain length and degree of unsaturation. Together the two procedures can be used to determine the component fatty acids in fats and oils. Nearly parallel linear relations are obtained for saturated, monoethenoid, diethenoid, and triethenoid methyl esters when the logarithm of emergence time is plotted against the carbon number of the fatty acid.

Volatile Methyl Esters of Medium Chain Length from the Bacterium Chitinophaga Fx7914

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 2228-2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorben Nawrath ◽  
Klaus Gerth ◽  
Rolf Müller ◽  
Stefan Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Medium Chain Length
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