Bacillus oleroniussp.nov., a member of the hindgut flora of the termiteReticulitermes santonensis(Feytaud)

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kuhnigk ◽  
Eva-Maria Borst ◽  
Alfred Breunig ◽  
Helmut König ◽  
Matthew D. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Bacillus Firmus ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Reticulitermes Santonensis ◽  
A New Species

A new rod-shaped endospore-forming bacterium is described, which was isolated from the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes santonensis (Feytaud). The isolate stains Gram negative and its DNA has a guanine-plus-cytosine content of 35 mol%. Despite the Gram-staining reaction, both biochemical and physiological features place the isolate in the genus Bacillus and indicate a phenotypic resemblance to the Bacillus firmus–lentus group of species. On the basis of comparative 16S rRNA analysis and some phenotypic features the isolate clearly represents a new species for which the name Bacillus oleronius is proposed. The type strain is Bacillus oleronius Rt 10 (DSM 9356).Key words: Bacillus, termites, hindgut flora.

scholarly journals THE AUTOLYTIC SYSTEM OF PNEUMOCOCCI

1937 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 873-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
René J. Dubos
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Original Weight

1. Living pneumococcus cells contain a group of enzymes, the bacteriolytic system, capable of causing the lysis of heat-killed pneumococci (R and S variants irrespective of type derivation). This lysis expresses itself by a loss of the Gram staining reaction, a disintegration of the cell body, and a clearing of the bacterial suspension. 2. Under certain conditions of treatment with the bacteriolytic complex, it is possible to render the cocci Gram-negative without changing their characteristic morphology, or causing any appreciable clearing of the cell suspension. 3. The enzyme responsible for this change has been partially purified, and some of its properties described. 4. The cellular structure which is responsible for the Gram-positive reaction of pneumococci is resistant to proteolytic enzymes, and is still present when tryptic digestion has reduced the heat-killed cell to a body which has lost 75 per cent of its original weight, and contains only 8 per cent nitrogen. 5. The same enzyme preparation which attacks pneumococci is also capable of liberating reducing sugars from some acetyl amino glucose glucuronides of animal and bacterial origin. The possibility is considered, and discussed, that one and the same enzyme in the autolytic complex is capable of attacking both types of substrates.

scholarly journals A New Chemolithoautotrophic Arsenite-Oxidizing Bacterium Isolated from a Gold Mine: Phylogenetic, Physiological, and Preliminary Biochemical Studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne M. Santini ◽  
Lindsay I. Sly ◽  
Roger D. Schnagl ◽  
Joan M. Macy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
New Species ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
A New Species

ABSTRACT A previously unknown chemolithoautotrophic arsenite-oxidizing bacterium has been isolated from a gold mine in the Northern Territory of Australia. The organism, designated NT-26, was found to be a gram-negative motile rod with two subterminal flagella. In a minimal medium containing only arsenite as the electron donor (5 mM), oxygen as the electron acceptor, and carbon dioxide-bicarbonate as the carbon source, the doubling time for chemolithoautotrophic growth was 7.6 h. Arsenite oxidation was found to be catalyzed by a periplasmic arsenite oxidase (optimum pH, 5.5). Based upon 16S rDNA phylogenetic sequence analysis, NT-26 belongs to theAgrobacterium/Rhizobium branch of the α-Proteobacteria and may represent a new species. This recently discovered organism is the most rapidly growing chemolithoautotrophic arsenite oxidizer known.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma verecundum, a New Species Isolated from Bovine Eyes

Microbiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. GOURLAY ◽  
R. H. LEACH ◽  
C. J. HOWARD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Mycoplasma Species ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Ph Decrease ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Ferment Glucose

Summary: Two similar micro-organisms with the characteristics of the order Mycoplas-matales were isolated from the eyes of calves with conjunctivitis. Both isolates produced only a slight pH decrease in broth and did not ferment glucose or hydrolyse arginine or urea -- hence they were almost undetectable by fluid cultures. Other biological characters included sterol dependence, indicative of the genus Mycoplasma, production of film and spots, growth at low temperature (20°C) or low pH (4.7), and failure to reduce tetrazolium. The two strains were serologically indistinguishable from each other, but distinct from known bovine and other Mycoplasma species tested. Because of their distinct biological and serological characteristics they are proposed as forming a separate new species, Mycoplasma verecundum, with strain 107 (nctc10145) as the type strain.

An experimentally pathogenic Bacillus species. I. Description and characterization of the organism

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh B. Stamper Jr. ◽  
Frank W. Chorpenning
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Cellular Morphology ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Transfusion Reaction ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
A New Species

A previously undescribed Bacillus species has been characterized. The organism was isolated from a blood transfusion bottle implicated in a fatal bacteriogenic transfusion reaction and has been examined from a number of different aspects to characterize it as completely as necessary to provide identification. It was placed into group 3 of the genus Bacillus on the basis of its cellular morphology, the morphology of the sporangium, and the location of the spore within the cell. There are only three other species described in this group. Since the organism differed markedly from each of these, it appears to represent a new species.

scholarly journals Frischella japonica sp. nov., an anaerobic member of the Orbales in the Gammaproteobacteria, isolated from the gut of the eastern honey bee, Apis cerana japonica Fabricius

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Wolter ◽  
Shota Suenami ◽  
Ryo Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
A New Species

The gut of honey bees is characterized by a stable and relatively simple community of bacteria, consisting of seven to ten phylotypes. Two closely related honey bees, Apis mellifera (western honey bee) and Apis cerana (eastern honey bee), show a largely comparable occurrence of those phylotypes, but a distinct set of bacterial species and strains within each bee species. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of Ac13T, a new species within the rare proteobacterial genus Frischella from A. cerana japonica Fabricius. Description of Ac13T as a new species is supported by low identity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence (97.2 %), of the average nucleotide identity based on orthologous genes (77.5 %) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness (24.7 %) to the next but far related type strain Frischella perrara PEB0191T, isolated from A. mellifera. Cells of Ac13T are mesophilic and have a mean length of 2–4 µm and a width of 0.5 µm. Optimal growth was achieved in anoxic conditions, whereas growth was not observed in oxic conditions and strongly reduced in microaerophilic environment. Strain Ac13T shares several features with other members of the Orbaceae , such as the major fatty acid profile, the respiratory quinone type and relatively low DNA G+C content, in accordance with its evolutionary relationship. Unlike F. perrara , strain Ac13T is susceptible to a broad range of antibiotics, which could be indicative for an antibiotic-free A. cerana bee keeping. In conclusion, we propose strain Ac13T as a novel species for which we propose the name Frischella japonica sp. nov. with the type strain Ac13T (=NCIMB 15259=JCM 34075).

The genus Leptoxyphium (Capnodiaceae) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUI YANG ◽  
HIRAN A. ARIYAWANSA ◽  
HAI-XIA WU ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Cluster ◽  
Sooty Moulds ◽  
One New Species ◽  
A New Species

Leptoxyphium is a relatively poorly known genus of sooty moulds in Capnodiaceae (Dothideomycetes). This paper introduces one new species of Leptoxyphium, L. glochidion and the first record of L. kurandae for China. L. glochidion is introduced as a new species based on morphology and molecular data and is compared with related taxa. Descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided for the two species, which are analyzed by ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data. The phylogenetic analysis shows that the two species cluster in Leptoxyphium (Capnodiaceae). L. glochidion separates from other species of the genus, while L. kurandae clustered with the type strain

Halobacterium vallismortis sp. nov. An amylolytic and carbohydrate-metabolizing, extremely halophilic bacterium

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gonzalez ◽  
Carmen Gutierrez ◽  
C. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Death Valley ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Facultative Anaerobe ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Optimum Growth Temperature ◽  
A New Species

The extremely halophilic bacterium (formerly designated as strain J.F. 54) isolated from salt pools of the Death Valley. California, is a motile, Gram-negative, extremely pleomorphic organism, aerobe, and facultative anaerobe. A variety of carbohydrates are assimilated with or without acid production; soluble starch is hydrolyzed. The organism is not proteolytic; catalase, oxidase, and DNase reactions are positive; Tween 20 is slightly hydrolyzed, but Tweens 40, 60, and 80 are not. Nitrates are reduced to nitrites with gas production; nitrites are not reduced. Optimum growth temperature is 40 °C. Growth is inhibited by bacitracin and by novobiocin. The type strain J.F. 54 differs from described species of the genus Halobacterium and is assigned to a new species, Halobacterium vallismortis sp. nov.

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