Organoplatinum(IV) complexes with functional alkyl groups and their use in supramolecular chemistry

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 904-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H.W. Au ◽  
Lisa J. Findlay-Shirras ◽  
Neil M. Woody ◽  
Michael C. Jennings ◽  
Richard J. Puddephatt
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Chemistry ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Alkyl Group ◽  
Oxidative Addition ◽  
Alkyl Groups ◽  
Alkyl Bromides ◽  
Diimine Ligand

The oxidative addition of alkyl bromides RCH2Br (R = C5H4N, C6H4CN, CH2C6H4CO2H, or CH2C6H4CH2CO2H) to dimethylplatinum(II) complexes [PtMe2(LL)] (LL = diimine ligand) gives the corresponding organoplatinum(IV) complexes [PtBrMe2(CH2R)(LL)] containing functionality in the alkyl group RCH2. The pyridyl derivatives can be protonated, while abstraction of the bromide ligand from [PtBrMe2(CH2R)(LL)] can form cationic complexes, which can react with water or form oligomers by self-assembly.

The Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1689-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Roomi ◽  
S. F. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Ethyl Acetoacetate ◽  
Alkyl Group ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Hantzsch Synthesis ◽  
Butyl Esters ◽  
Alkyl Groups

Ethyl esters of 2-alkyl- and 2,4-dialkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acids are obtained generally by extensions of the Hantzsch synthesis, benzyl and t-butyl esters when the 2-alkyl group is methyl. Hemopyrrole is obtained from butanal and ethyl acetoacetate in three steps. Pyrroles bearing higher alkyl groups or carbobenzoxy groups are reductively alkylated like the corresponding methylpyrroles and carbethoxy derivatives; t-butyl esters do not survive.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity against HL60 Cells of Ficifolidione Derivatives with Methyl, n-Pentyl, and n-Heptyl Groups

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4081
Author(s):  
Hisashi Nishiwaki ◽  
Megumi Ikari ◽  
Satomi Fujiwara ◽  
Kosuke Nishi ◽  
Takuya Sugahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Alkyl Group ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Leukaemia Cell ◽  
Leukaemia Cell Line ◽  
Hl60 Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Alkyl Groups

Ficifolidione, a natural insecticidal compound isolated from the essential oils of Myetaceae species, is a spiro phloroglucinol with an isobutyl group at the C-4 position. We found that ficifolidione showed cytotoxicity against cancer cells via apoptosis. Replacement of the isobutyl group by n-propyl group did not influence the potency, but the effect of the replacement of this group by a shorter or longer alkyl group on the biological activity remains unknown. In this study, ficifolidione derivatives with alkyl groups such as methyl, n-pentyl, and n-heptyl group—instead of the isobutyl group at the C-4 position—were synthesized to evaluate their cytotoxicity against the human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line HL60 and their insecticidal activity against mosquito larvae. The biological activities of their corresponding 4-epimers were also evaluated. As a result, the conversion of the isobutyl group to another alkyl group did not significantly influence the cytotoxicity or insecticidal activity. In HL60 cells treated with the n-heptyl-ficifolidione derivative, the activation of caspase 3/7 and the early stages of apoptosis were detected by using immunofluorescence and flow cytometric techniques, respectively, suggesting that the cytotoxicity should be induced by apoptosis even though the alkyl group was changed.

The Alkyl Inductive Effect, II Theoretical Calculation of Inductive Parameters

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry F. Widingand ◽  
Leonard S. Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Alkyl Group ◽  
Bond Model ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
Alkyl Groups ◽  
Alkyl Substitution ◽  
Internal Induction ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Calculated Distance

AbstractThree models of alkyl groups, “derealization”, “through-the-bond”, and “electric field” models, are presented, all of which enable the calculation of σI (R) from first principles, and excellent agreement is demonstrated for the calculated and experimental values of σI (R) . For the “delocalization” model it is found that - σI (R) = 0.0455 + 0.0232(1-1/n), where n is the number of C atoms in an n-alkyl group, and for an infinite C-chain R group, σI( R∞) is - 0.0687, identical to the value found b y a different method in Part I of this series. The “through-the-bond” model gives - σI(R) = - 0.0559 +, where Ci is the number of C-atoms in the i th position from X in RX; and for the “electric field” model, we obtain - σI(R) = 0.0463 + 0.0102 , where di is the calculated distance from C1 to Cn in the most probable conformation of the R-group. It is concluded that Taft's σI(R) values have a real significance whether or not the physical and chemical effects of alkyl substitution reside ultimately in an internal induction mechanism, or in alkyl group polarization by charged centers in the molecule, or a combination of the two.

Case history of porphyrin J-aggregates: a personal point of view

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (04n05) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Crusats ◽  
Zoubir El-Hachemi ◽  
Carlos Escudero ◽  
Josep M. Ribó
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Chemistry ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Self ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
History Of ◽  
J Aggregates ◽  
The University

The formation and structure of the title aggregates are paradigms of the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecular building blocks in supramolecular chemistry. This review summarizes the research in the University of Barcelona on the homoassociation of the water soluble meso 4-sulfonatophenyl-and phenyl substituted porphyrins.

From supramolecular chemistry to nanotechnology: Assembly of 3D nanostructures

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2225-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Yi Ling ◽  
David N. Reinhoudt ◽  
Jurriaan Huskens
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Chemistry ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Supramolecular Assembly ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Nanoparticle Assembly ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Functionalized Nanoparticles ◽  
Assembled Monolayers

Fabricating well-defined and stable nanoparticle crystals in a controlled fashion receives growing attention in nanotechnology. The order and packing symmetry within a nanoparticle crystal is of utmost importance for the development of materials with unique optical and electronic properties. To generate stable and ordered 3D nanoparticle structures, nanotechnology is combined with supramolecular chemistry to control the self-assembly of 2D and 3D receptor-functionalized nanoparticles. This review focuses on the use of molecular recognition chemistry to establish stable, ordered, and functional nanoparticle structures. The host–guest complexation of β-cyclodextrin (CD) and its guest molecules (e.g., adamantane and ferrocene) are applied to assist the nanoparticle assembly. Direct adsorption of supramolecular guest- and host-functionalized nanoparticles onto (patterned) CD self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) occurs via multivalent host–guest interactions and layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. The reversibility and fine-tuning of the nanoparticle-surface binding strength in this supramolecular assembly scheme are the control parameters in the process. Furthermore, the supramolecular nanoparticle assembly has been integrated with top-down nanofabrication schemes to generate stable and ordered 3D nanoparticle structures, with controlled geometries and sizes, on surfaces, other interfaces, and as free-standing structures.

Nano-structuring polymer/fullerene composites through the interplay of conjugated polymer crystallization, block copolymer self-assembly and complementary hydrogen bonding interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Kevin G. Yager ◽  
Noel M. Dawson ◽  
Ying-Bing Jiang ◽  
Kevin J. Malloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Supramolecular Chemistry ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Core–shell P3HT/fullerene composite nanofibers were obtained using supramolecular chemistry involving cooperative orthogonal non-covalent interactions.

Nanophotonics and supramolecular chemistry

Nanophotonics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Ariga ◽  
Hirokazu Komatsu ◽  
Jonathan P. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Chemistry ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Supramolecular Systems ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology

AbstractSupramolecular chemistry has become a key area in emerging bottom-up nanoscience and nanotechnology. In particular, supramolecular systems that can produce a photonic output are increasingly important research targets and present various possibilities for practical applications. Accordingly, photonic properties of various supramolecular systems at the nanoscale are important in current nanotechnology. In this short review, nanophotonics in supramolecular chemistry will be briefly summarized by introducing recent examples of control of photonic responses of supramolecular systems. Topics are categorized according to the fundamental actions of their supramolecular systems: (i) self-assembly; (ii) recognition; (iii) manipulation.

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