Isolation and structure of rolliniastatin 1 from the South American tree Rolliniamucosa

Rolliniamucosa (Annonaceae), known in primitive medical practices of Indonesia and the West Indies as a treatment for tumors, has been investigated employing the seeds from a South American variety and the murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia (PS) for bioassay. The principal antineoplastic constituent (PS, 28% life extension, at 0.25 mg/kg and ED504.5 × 10−5 μg/mL) was found to be a new bis-tetrahydrofuran designated rolliniastatin 1. Structural elucidation of rolliniastatin 1 was accomplished by a combination of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (300 MHz), mass spectral, and X-ray crystal structure techniques.

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Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2019.2806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 287 (1920) ◽

pp. 20192806 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Laurent Marivaux ◽

Jorge Vélez-Juarbe ◽

Gilles Merzeraud ◽

François Pujos ◽

Lázaro W. Viñola López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

West Indies ◽

Distinct Species ◽

South American ◽

The West ◽

Early Oligocene ◽

Biogeographic History ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities ◽

Dispersal Events ◽

South American Origin

By their past and present diversity, rodents are among the richest components of Caribbean land mammals. Many of these became extinct recently. Causes of their extirpation, their phylogenetic affinities, the timing of their arrival in the West Indies and their biogeographic history are all ongoing debated issues. Here, we report the discovery of dental remains from Lower Oligocene deposits ( ca 29.5 Ma) of Puerto Rico. Their morphology attests to the presence of two distinct species of chinchilloid caviomorphs, closely related to dinomyids in a phylogenetic analysis, and thus of undisputable South American origin. These fossils represent the earliest Caribbean rodents known thus far. They could extend back to 30 Ma the lineages of some recently extinct Caribbean giant rodents ( Elasmodontomys and Amblyrhiza ), which are also retrieved here as chinchilloids. This new find has substantial biogeographic implications because it demonstrates an early dispersal of land mammals from South America to the West Indies, perhaps via the emergence of the Aves Ridge that occurred ca 35–33 Ma (GAARlandia hypothesis). Considering both this new palaeontological evidence and recent molecular divergence estimates, the natural colonization of the West Indies by rodents probably occurred through multiple and time-staggered dispersal events (chinchilloids, then echimyid octodontoids (spiny rats/hutias), caviids and lastly oryzomyin muroids (rice rats)).

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Powder X-ray diffraction of bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate, C16H22Cl2N3O2Cl·H2O

Powder Diffraction ◽

10.1017/s0885715618000830 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 74-75

Author(s):

J. A. Kaduk ◽

K. Zhong ◽

T. N. Blanton ◽

S. Gates-Rector ◽

T. G. Fawcett

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Powder Diffraction ◽

Diffraction Data ◽

Density Functional ◽

Argonne National Laboratory ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Monoclinic Space Group ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Hydrochloride Monohydrate

Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate (marketed as Treanda®) is a nitrogen mustard purine analog alkylator used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Commercial bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c (14), with a = 4.71348(4) Å, b = 47.5325(3) Å, c = 8.97458 (5) Å, β = 96.6515(8)°, V = 1997.161(23) Å3, and Z = 4. A reduced cell search in the Cambridge Structural Database yielded a previously reported crystal structure (Allen, 2002), which did not include hydrogens (Reck, 2006). In this work, the sample was ordered from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and analyzed as received. The room-temperature crystal structure was refined using synchrotron (λ = 0.413896 Å) powder diffraction data, density functional theory (DFT), and Rietveld refinement techniques. Hydrogen positions were included as part of the structure, and recalculated during the refinement. The diffraction data were collected on beamline BM-11 at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Figure 1 shows the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the compound. The pattern is included in the Powder Diffraction File as entry 00-064-1508.

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Isolation and structure of cribrostatins 1 and 2 from the blue marine sponge Cribrochalinasp

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v92-153 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1170-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

George R. Pettit ◽

Jeremiah C. Collins ◽

Delbert L. Herald ◽

Dennis L. Doubek ◽

Michael R. Boyd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Marine Sponge ◽

Leukemia Cell ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Leukemia Cell Line ◽

Spectral Studies ◽

X Ray ◽

Mass Spectral ◽

P388 Cell ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell

The blue marine sponge cribrostatins 1 (1, 8.8 × 10−6% yield) and 2 (2, 3.1 × 10−6% yield) active against the P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line (ED50 1.58 and 2.73 μg/mL respectively) have been isolated. The previously known isoquinolinequinones mimosamycin (3), renierone (4), and O-demethylrenierone (5) were also isolated and shown to display activity against the P388 cell line (ED50 0.73, 2.75, and 8.36 μg/mL, respectively). Importantly, both cribrostatin 1 and mimosamycin showed selective activity against all of the nine human melanoma cell lines employed by the U.S. National Cancer Institute. Structural determinations were accomplished utilizing high field nuclear magnetic resonance (400 MHz) and mass spectral studies. Confirmation of the cribrostatin 1 structure was achieved by X-ray crystallographic techniques.

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Antineoplastic Agents 385. The Isolation and Structure of a Scalarane-Type Sesterterpene from the Indian Ocean Porifera Hyrtios erecta

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19981671 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 63 (10) ◽

pp. 1671-1677 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

George R. Pettit ◽

Zbigniew A. Cichacz ◽

Rui Tan ◽

Delbert L. Herald ◽

Noeleen Melody ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antineoplastic Agents ◽

Leukemia Cell ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Leukemia Cell Line ◽

X Ray ◽

Mass Spectral ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

The Republic ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell

Bioassay-guided separation techniques were employed to isolate (3.3·10-7% yield) a new murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line inhibitor (ED50 2.9 μg/ml) 12-O-deacetyl-19-deoxyscalarin from extracts of the Republic of Maldives marine sponge Hyrtios erecta. The structure was deduced using high field 2D NMR and high resolution mass spectral methods and confirmed by X-ray crystal structure determination.

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Classification of Tupí-Guaraní

Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica ◽

10.26512/rbla.v3i2.16257 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 167-172

Author(s):

Aryon Dall’Igna Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

West Indies ◽

South American ◽

The West

Norman McQuown has recently published a synthesis of J. AldenMason’s classification of South American languages. 1 Although everyone will acknowledge the importance of the systematic work of both Mason and McQuown, one cannot help feeling that Taylor’s criticism concerning the West Indies, ‘the present classification... complicates and obscures the perspective unnecessarily’ 2, can be applied in part also to South America.

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A study on α-RuCl3 crystal structure by scanning tunneling microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152124 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 30-31

Author(s):

H.-J. Cantow ◽

H. Hillebrecht ◽

S. Magonov ◽

H. W. Rotter ◽

G. Thiele

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Density Distribution ◽

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Electron Density ◽

Structure Determination ◽

Electron Density Distribution ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Monoclinic Space Group ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

X Ray

From X-ray analysis, the conclusions are drawn from averaged molecular informations. Thus, limitations are caused when analyzing systems whose symmetry is reduced due to interatomic interactions. In contrast, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) directly images atomic scale surface electron density distribution, with a resolution up to fractions of Angstrom units. The crucial point is the correlation between the electron density distribution and the localization of individual atoms, which is reasonable in many cases. Thus, the use of STM images for crystal structure determination may be permitted. We tried to apply RuCl3 - a layered material with semiconductive properties - for such STM studies. From the X-ray analysis it has been assumed that α-form of this compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m (AICI3 type). The chlorine atoms form an almost undistorted cubic closed package while Ru occupies 2/3 of the octahedral holes in every second layer building up a plane hexagon net (graphite net). Idealizing the arrangement of the chlorines a hexagonal symmetry would be expected. X-ray structure determination of isotypic compounds e.g. IrBr3 leads only to averaged positions of the metal atoms as there exist extended stacking faults of the metal layers.

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