scholarly journals Seasonal influences on fungal community structure in unimproved and improved upland grassland soils

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabla Kennedy ◽  
Eoin Brodie ◽  
John Connolly ◽  
Nicholas Clipson
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Upland Grassland ◽  
Grassland Types

Seasonal and management influences on the fungal community structure of two upland grassland soils were investigated. An upland site containing both unimproved floristically diverse (U4a) and improved mesotrophic (MG7b) grassland types was selected. Samples from both grassland types were taken at five times in one year. Soil fungal community structure was assessed using fungal automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA), a DNA-profiling approach. A grassland management regime was found to strongly affect fungal community structure, with fungal ARISA profiles from unimproved and improved grassland soils differing significantly. The number of fungal ribotypes found was higher in unimproved than improved grassland soils, providing evidence that improvement may reduce the suitability of upland soil as a habitat for specific groups of fungi. Seasonal influences on fungal community structure were also noted, with samples taken in autumn (October) more correlated with change in ribotype profiles than samples from other seasons. However, seasonal variation did not obscure the measurement of differences in the fungal community structure that were due to agricultural improvement, with canonical correspondence analysis indicating grassland type had a stronger influence on fungal profiles than did season.Key words: upland grasslands, fungal automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, seasonality, improvement, canonical correspondence analysis.

scholarly journals Comparison of Soil Fungal Community Structure in Different Peanut Rotation Sequences Using Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis in Relation to Aflatoxin-Producing Fungi

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sudini ◽  
C. R. Arias ◽  
M. R. Liles ◽  
K. L. Bowen ◽  
R. N. Huettel
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

The present study focuses on determining soil fungal community structure in different peanut-cropping sequences by using a high-resolution DNA fingerprinting technique: ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA). This study was initiated to determine fungal community profiles in four peanut-cropping sequences (continuous peanut, 4 years of continuous bahiagrass followed by peanut, peanut-corn-cotton, and peanut-cotton rotations), with a special focus to evaluate whether the profiles under investigation may have also indicated microbial differences that could affect Aspergillus flavus populations. Results indicated 75% similarities among fungal communities from the same cropping sequences as well as with similar times of sampling. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of A. flavus directly from these soils was carried out using A. flavus-specific primers (FLA1 and FLA2) and also through quantitative estimation on A. flavus and A. parasiticus agar medium. Population levels of A. flavus in soil samples ranged from zero to 1.2 × 103 CFU g–1 of soil (based on culturable methods); however, the fungus was not detected with A. flavus-specific primers. The minimum threshold limit at which these aflatoxin-producing fungi could be detected from the total soil genomic DNA was determined through artificial inoculation of samples with 10-fold increases in concentrations. The results indicated that a minimum population density of 2.6 × 106 CFU g–1 of soil is required for PCR detection in our conditions. These results are useful in further determining the relative population levels of these fungi in peanut soils with other soil fungi. This is a new approach to understanding soil fungal communities and how they might change over time and under different rotation systems.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal fungal community structure in tropical humid soils under fallow and cropping conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Jemo ◽  
Driss Dhiba ◽  
Abeer Hashem ◽  
Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

scholarly journals Common garden experiments disentangle plant genetic and environmental contributions to ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adair Patterson ◽  
Lluvia Flores-Rentería ◽  
Amy Whipple ◽  
Thomas Whitham ◽  
Catherine Gehring
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community ◽  
Common Garden Experiments

scholarly journals Water-Covered Depth with the Freeze–Thaw Cycle Influences Fungal Communities on Rice Straw Decomposition

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Lin ◽  
Zongmu Yao ◽  
Xinguang Wang ◽  
Shangqi Xu ◽  
Chunjie Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Freeze Thaw Cycle ◽  
Rice Straw Decomposition

Rice is a staple food for the world’s population. However, the straw produced by rice cultivation is not used sufficiently. Returning rice straw to the field is an effective way to help reduce labor and protect the soil. This study focused on the effect of water-covered depth with the freeze–thaw cycle on rice straw decomposition and the soil fungal community structure in a field in Northeast China. The field and controlled experiments were designed, and the fungal ITS1 region was tested by high-throughput sequencing for analyzing the fungal communities in this study. The results showed that water coverage with the freeze–thaw cycle promoted the decomposition of rice straw and influenced the fungal community structure; by analyzing the network of the fungal communities, it was found that the potential keystone taxa were Penicillium, Talaromyces, Fusarium, and Aspergillus in straw decomposition; and the strains with high beta-glucosidase, carboxymethyl cellulase, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase could also be isolated in the treated experiment. Furthermore, plant pathogenic fungi were found to decrease in the water-covered treatment. We hope that our results can help in rice production and straw return in practice.

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