Application of Sheep Urine Fermentation and Biochar Coconut for Growth Vegetables Plant

The Covid-19 pandemic to date has had an impact on all sectors of life in society, which is the provision of food sources by society. Various efforts have been made to the fulfillment of food needs in the community can fulfill as they should so that food security can be realized during this pandemic. This research was conducted so that the community can fulfill their needs, especially food needs by utilizing waste, especially solid, and liquid waste and increasing the productivity of food crops to increase the fulfillment of community needs. This research was conducted applied soil ameliorant coconut biochar at coastal soil Samas beach. After that application sheep urine fermentation for add nutrient in the soil. The stages of carrying out this research include: taking soil samples, preparing materials for making biochar and urine fermented for fertilizer, nursery pakcoy, preparing planting media, soil ameliorant coconut shell biochar, transferring pakcoy seeds, maintaining and administering urine fertilizer treatment to planting media, and plant vegetative observations. The result application was added material both biochar and sheep urine fermented. It was mixed media can repaired root area in the soil and increase avaibility of nutrient for supporting growth of stem height, account of leaves, length, width, and color of the leaf with the application of coconut shell biochar dosage 15 tons per hectare mixed treatment sheep urine 100 ml per liter of water was best treatnment. It can good growth pakcoy plants. and Its benefit from a relatively short period, and It can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers that It can cause environmental degradation

Optimising storage conditions and processing of sheep urine for nitrogen cycle and gaseous emission measurements from urine patches

In grazing systems, urine patches deposited by livestock are hotspots of nutrient cycling and the most important source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Studies of the effects of urine deposition, including, for example, the determination of country-specific N2O emission factors, require natural urine for use in experiments and face challenges obtaining urine of the same composition, but of differing concentrations. Yet, few studies have explored the importance of storage conditions and processing of ruminant urine for use in subsequent gaseous emission experiments. We conducted three experiments with sheep urine to determine optimal storage conditions and whether partial freeze-drying could be used to concentrate the urine, while maintaining the constituent profile and the subsequent urine-derived gaseous emission response once applied to soil. We concluded that filtering of urine prior to storage, and storage at − 20 °C best maintains the nitrogen-containing constituent profile of sheep urine samples. In addition, based on the 14 urine chemical components determined in this study, partial lyophilisation of sheep urine to a concentrate represents a suitable approach to maintain the constituent profile at a higher overall concentration and does not alter sheep urine-derived soil gaseous emissions.

EFFICACY OF BIOFUNGICIDES ON THE YIELD PARAMETERS AND PDI OF RICE, CHALLENGE INOCULATED WITH PYRICULARIA ORYZAE, THE INCITANT OF BLAST DISEASE

Among the eco-friendly products tested viz., leaf extracts of eucalyptus and henna @ (25% conc.), Sheep urine @ (10%), goat urine @ (20%) and Pseudomonas fluorescens @ (10g/kg of seed) alone and in combination, seeds treated with sheep urine was found to increase the germination percentage, vigour index and also enhance the yield parameters of rice. Among the different ecofriendly products, seeds treated with P. fluorescens retained the fungitoxicty for the longest duration of time against P. oryzae. Finally, under the pot culture studies, seed treatment with P. fluorescens and foliar spray with sheep urine on 30 and 50 DAT recorded the least leaf blast intensity in rice.

Frekuensi penyiraman larutan urin domba terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan produksi segar hidroponik fodder jagung (zea mays)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of watering frequency of sheep urine solution on plant height, number of leaves and plant production on corn fodder (Zea mays). The material used in this study was 3.750 corn, sheep urine and water. The method used in this study was a field experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments and 5 replications. The research treatment consisted of P1 (watering 1 time /day), P2 (watering 2 times /day) and P3 (watering 3 times /day) with 10% sheep urine solution. The variables observed in this study were plant height, number of leaves and plant production. The analysis used was analysis of variance if there was an effect then continued with the LSD test. Based on the results of the study showed that the frequency of watering the urine solution of sheep gave no significant effect (P> 0.05) on plant height, number of leaves and gave a very significant effect (P <0.01) on plant production. The highest plant height in P2 (36.76 cm), the highest number of leaves in P2 (3.40 strands) and the highest plant production in P2 (374.80 grams). The conclusion of this study is the watering of sheep urine solution 2 times a day giving the best results on plant height, leaf number and fresh hydroponic production of corn fodder (Zea mays). Keywords: sheep urine, corn fodder, plant height, number of leaves and plant production

Simulated sheep urine causes the formation of acidic subsurface layers in soil under field conditions

This study aimed to ascertain whether application of sheep urine led to the development of acidic subsurface layers of a pasture soil. Deionised water or simulated urine solution delivering urea-nitrogen (N) at 44.8 g m–2 and potassium at 25 g m–2 was applied to soil in either winter or spring. Treatments were applied to the soil surface within 10.3 cm internal diameter PVC tubes inserted 20 cm into the soil either under ryegrass or kept bare. Main sampling times corresponded to the completion of various soil N transformations as determined by periodic sampling. Main samplings involved the collection of above ground plant material and soil sampling in 2 cm depth increments in 0–10 cm and 5 cm intervals in 10–20 cm depths. Following treatment application, urea and ammonium-N moved to a depth no greater than 20 cm but the extent of movement was greater in winter than spring due to the influence of initial soil moisture. Following urea hydrolysis, soil pH increased in the 0–15 cm depth. Subsequent nitrification significantly acidified soil under pasture by 0.8–1.0 pH units in the 2–8 and 2–6 cm depths in winter and spring respectively. This created a net acidic subsurface layer of 0.2–0.4 pH units compared with soil at the beginning of the experiment. Subsurface acidification was 0.5–0.7 pH units greater in bare soil compared with the presence of pasture. Transformations of N resulting from application of simulated urine solution formed acidic subsurface layers in the field regardless of the season of application.

Nitrification inhibition by urine from cattle consuming Plantago lanceolata

Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) has the potential to indirectly reduce nitrate leaching from urine patches via compounds excreted in the urine of animals grazing the forb acting as biological nitrification inhibitors. Proof-of-concept research was previously undertaken using sheep urine, but it is important to examine whether this effect also occurs with cattle urine since cattle pose a greater N-leaching risk due to their higher urinary-N load. Housed dairy heifers (n=4) were assigned ad libitum dietary treatments of perennial ryegrass/ white clover or plantain for 14 days. On day 14, urine was collected through a sterile Foley catheter into a sealed container. Cattle then switched dietary treatment and urine was collected after a further 14 days. Urine samples were applied to soil microcosms and the net nitrification rate during a 35-day incubation determined. Similar urine-N concentrations were applied initially but a slower rate of soil nitrification was observed in the microcosms treated with urine from plantain-fed cows compared with those treated with urine from ryegrass/white clover-fed cows. The urine samples collected after the crossover showed a wider treatment difference in total N concentration, but also demonstrated a reduction in soil nitrification rate under the plantain urine. These results show similar trends to those previously reported for sheep urine.