The research career of Richard B. Stein (1940–)

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Research Career ◽  
Faculty Position ◽  
Postdoctoral Training ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Active Researcher ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University

This report reviews the research and mentoring career of Richard B. Stein (1940–). In 1962, he completed a B.S. degree in physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, and thereafter an M.A. (1964), Ph.D. (1966), and postdoctoral training (1966–68) at the University of Oxford, UK. He subsequently assumed a faculty position at the University of Alberta (Canada), where he is currently an active researcher and mentor. To this point in 2004, Stein has trained and collaborated closely with over 160 scientists, largely neuroscientists and biomedical engineers, from 27 countries. He and his former trainees and collaborators have made important contributions on topics that span the cellular-to-behavioral spectrum of movement and rehabilitation–prosthetics neuroscience. His mentors, trainees, and collaborators include scientists whose countries of origin are: Australia, 2; Austria, 1; Belgium, 1; Bulgaria, 1; Canada, 64; China, 6; Denmark, 1; Germany, 1; Great Britain, 16; Hong Kong, 4; India, 5; Iraq, 2; Italy, 2; Japan, 10; Kenya, 1; New Zealand, 4; Pakistan, 1; Palestine, 1; Poland, 1; Romania, 1; South Africa, 1; Sri Lanka, 1; The Netherlands, 1; Turkey, 1; Uruguay, 1; USA, 21; and Yugoslavia, 6. In all instances, Stein's research collaborations and mentoring have advanced the careers of his trainees and junior collaborators, a well-deserved and important compliment to a stellar movement neuroscientist.Key words: movement neuroscience, rehabilitation neuroscience, prosthetics.

Book Reviews

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-361
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Liquidity Trap ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University

James K. Galbraith of University of Texas at Austin reviews “Keynes: Useful Economics for the World Economy”, by Peter Temin and David Vines. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Provides an introduction to Keynesian ideas that connect John Maynard Keynes's insights to today's global economy and offers a way to understand current policy debates. Discusses economics before Keynes─David Hume; Keynes at Versailles; Keynes and the Macmillan Committee; economics before Keynes─Alfred Marshall; The General Theory; IS-LM curves; the liquidity trap; Bretton Woods and the Swan diagram; the Keynesan age─crises and reactions; and an international paradox of thrift.” Temin is Elisha Gray II Professor Emeritus of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Vines is Professor of Economics and Fellow of Balliol College at the University of Oxford.

William Barton Rogers and the Southern Sieve: Revisiting Science, Slavery, and Higher Learning in the Old South

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Angulo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
University Of Virginia ◽  
Educational Thought ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Technological Institutes ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Century Science

William Barton Rogers, conceptual founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, pursued two interrelated careers in nineteenth-century America: one centered on his activities in science and the other on his higher educational reform efforts. His scientific peers knew him as a geologist and natural philosopher, director of the first geological survey of Virginia, author of over one hundred publications in science, and promoter of professionalization. His colleagues in higher education, meanwhile, thought of him as the reform-minded professor at the College of William and Mary and the University of Virginia, who later left the South and established one of America's first technological institutes. Comparatively little has been written about either of these areas of Rogers's life and career. We know much more about the scientific and educational thought of such figures as Louis Agassiz at Harvard, Benjamin Silliman at Yale, Joseph Henry at Princeton, and Alexander Dallas Bache at the helm of the Coast Survey. The literature on Rogers, by comparison, has offered little insight into his life and even less about his relationship to broader developments in nineteenth-century science and higher learning.

Using Mammon for Righteousness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Marie Johnson
Keyword(s):  
University Of California ◽  
Massachusetts Institute ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Intellectual Achievement ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University

Chapter 5 explores what happened when women approached existing coeducational schools offering restricted gifts to benefit women. These donations either forced a school to open its doors to women or increased the number of women admitted by providing scholarships for women or erecting a women’s building or a women’s dormitory. Like the college founders, these donors believed that women were capable of the same intellectual achievement as men but found that many of America’s best universities resisted coeducation. The women in this chapter, including Mary Garrett, and Phoebe Hearst and the gifts they gave show how money could be wielded to force changes that would benefit women, in the form of access to education and professions formerly restricted to men. Moreover, coeducation at these schools, including Johns Hopkins, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the University of California, Berkeley, was especially significant. If women were welcomed at these important institutions, they could demonstrate their intellectual and professional capabilities and equality with men.

C–O Natural Products: (–)-Hybridalactone (Fürstner), (+)-Anthecotulide (Hodgson), (–)-Kumausallene (Tang), (±)-Communiol E (Kobayashi), (–)-Exiguolide (Scheidt), Cyanolide A (Rychnovsky)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass F. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Max Planck ◽  
Enantiomerically Pure ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Favorskii Rearrangement ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Ether Oxygen ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Complementary Strategy

Control of the absolute configuration of adjacent alkylated stereogenic centers is a classic challenge in organic synthesis. In the course of the synthesis of (–)-hybridalactone 4, Alois Fürstner of the Max-Planck-Institut Mülheim effected (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 13471) catalytic enantioselective conjugate addition to the simple acceptor 1. The initial adduct, formed in 80% ee, could readily be recrystallized to high ee. In an alternative approach to high ee 2,3-dialkyl γ-lactones, David M. Hodgson of the University of Oxford cyclized (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 5751) the alkyne 5 to an aldehyde, which was condensed with 6 to give 7. Coupling with 8 then delivered (+)-anthecotulide 9. The enantiomerically pure diol 10 is readily available from acetylacetone. Weiping Tang of the University of Wisconsin dissolved (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 3664) the symmetry of 10 by Pd-mediated cyclocarbonylation. The conversion of the lactone 11 to (–)-kumausallene 12 was enabled by an elegant intramolecular bromoetherification. Shoji Kobayshi of the Osaka Institute of Technology developed (J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 7096) a powerful oxy-Favorskii rearrangement that enabled the preparation of both four-and five-membered rings with good diastereocontrol, as exemplified by the conversion of 13 to 14. With the electron-withdrawing ether oxygen adjacent to the ester carbonyl, Dibal reduction of 14 proceeded cleanly to the aldehyde. Addition of ethyl lithium followed by deprotection completed the synthesis of (±)-communiol E. En route to (–)-exiguolide 18, Karl A. Scheidt of Northwestern University showed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 9112) that 16 could be cyclized efficiently to 17. The cyclization may be assisted by a scaffolding effect from the dioxinone ring. Dimeric macrolides such as cyanolide A 21 are usually prepared by lactonization of the corresponding hydroxy acid. Scott D. Rychnovsky of the University of California Irvine devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 9727) a complementary strategy, the double Sakurai dimerization of the silyl acetal 19 to 20.

Metal-Mediated C–C Ring Construction: The Carreira Synthesis of (+)-Asperolide C

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass F. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Addition ◽  
Ring Expansion ◽  
Ethyl Acrylate ◽  
Heck Cyclization ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Silyl Enol Ether ◽  
Emory University ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Technological University

Djamaladdin G. Musaev and Huw M. L. Davies of Emory University effected (Chem. Sci. 2013, 4, 2844) enantioselective cyclopropanation of ethyl acrylate 2 with the α-diazo ester 1 to give 3 in high ee. Philippe Compain of the Université de Strasbourg used (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 6751) SmI2 to cyclize 4 to the cyclobutanol 5. Jianrong (Steve) Zhou of Nanyang Technological University effected (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 11758) enantioselective Heck addition of 7 to the prochiral ester 6 to give the cyclopentene 8. Liu-Zhu Gong of USTC, Hefei added (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 3958) the Rh enolate from the enantioselective ring expansion of the α-diazo ester 9 to the nitroalkene 10, to give 11 in high de. Stephen P. Fletcher of the University of Oxford set (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 7995) the cyclic quaternary center of 14 by the enantioselective conjugate addition to 12 of the alkyl zirconocene derived from 13. Alexandre Alexakis of the University of Geneva reported (Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 15226) high ee from the conjugate addition of alkenyl Al reagents (not illustrated) to 12. Paultheo von Zezschwitz of Philipps-Universität Marburg prepared (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2013, 355, 2651) the silyl enol ether 17 by trapping the intermediate from the conjugate addition of 16 to 15. Stefan Bräse of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology effected (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2013, 7110) conjugate addition to the prochiral dienone 18 to give the highly substi­tuted cyclohexenone 19. Ping Tian and Guo-Qiang Lin of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry cyclized (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 11700) 20 to the kinetic, less stable epimer of the diketone 21. Rh-mediated intramolecular C–H insertion has been a powerful tool for the con­struction of cyclopentane derivatives. Douglass F. Taber of the University of Delaware found (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 9772) that the Rh carbene derived from 22 was dis­criminating enough to target the more nucleophilic C–H bond, leading to the cyclohexanone 23. Kozo Shishido of the University of Tokushima observed (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 3666) high diastereoselectivity in the intramolecular Heck cyclization of 24 to 25.

scholarly journals Research is a Journey of Self-Discovery

Eureka ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Madan
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Career ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Self Discovery ◽  
The University

In this issue of Eureka, I am proud to share with you the exciting and innovative research projects that are being lead by undergraduate students at the University of Alberta. While I will let their work speak for themselves, I also would like to take this opportunity to reflect on the beginnings of my research career and the broad reaching effects I have found research to have.

Low noise engine design for the Silent Aircraft Initiative

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (1147) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Engine Noise ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University

Abstract The Silent Aircraft Initiative was a Cambridge-MIT Institute programme involving a large team of researchers from both the University of Cambridge and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The aim of the project was to produce a concept aircraft design that would be so quiet it would be imperceptible in the urban environments around airports.. This paper gives an overview of how all the sources of engine noise were carefully addressed within the Silent Aircraft design. Novel technologies, a new engine configuration, improved airframe integration, new operational procedures and advanced component design were all required in order to reduce the overall engine noise level to the Silent Aircraft target. The study suggests that in order to dramatically reduce the noise of future aircraft engines a number of major design changes must be combined.

Rebel Genius

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara H. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
American Science ◽  
Cognitive Neurosciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Iconic Status ◽  
The University ◽  
The Brain

Warren S. McCulloch (1898-1969) has become an icon of the American cybernetics movement and of current work in the cognitive neurosciences. Much of this legacy stems from his classic 1943 work with Walter Pitts on the logic of neural networks, and from his colourful role as chairman of the Macy Conferences on Cybernetics (1946-1953). This biographical work looks beyond McCulloch’s iconic status by exploring the varied scientific, personal, and institutional contexts of McCulloch’s life. By doing so, the book presents McCulloch as a transdisciplinary investigator who took on many scientific identities beyond that of a cybernetician: scientific philosopher, neurophysiologist, psychiatrist, poet, mentor-collaborator, and engineer, and finally, his public persona towards the end of his life, the rebel genius. The book argues that these identities were neither products of McCulloch’s own will nor were they simply shaped by his institutional contexts. In integrating context and agency, the book as provides a more nuanced and rich understanding of McCulloch’s role in the history of American science as well as the institutional contexts of scientific investigations of the brain and mind: in particular at Yale University, the University of Illinois at Chicago, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The book argues that one of McCulloch’s most important contributions was opening up new ways of understanding the brain: no longer simply an object of medical investigation, the brain became the centre of the multidisciplinary neurosciences.

scholarly journals Meet the APSA Council and Officers

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Keyword(s):  
Harvard University ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Massachusetts Institute ◽  
University Of Southern California ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
New Members ◽  
Reed College ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester

As noted in the October issue ofPS, G. Bingham Powell, Jr., the Marie E .and Joseph C. Wilson Professor of Political Science at the University of Rochester, became APSA's 108th president on September 4, 2011, at the close of the APSA Annual Meeting. Eight new members of the APSA council were elected fall 2011. The new members are Paul Gronke, Reed College; Ange-Marie Hancock, University of Southern California; David A. Lake, University of California, San Diego; Taeku Lee, University of California, Berkeley; Kenneth J. Meier, Texas A&M University; Kathleen Thelen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Stephen M. Walt, Harvard University; and Angelia R. Wilson, University of Manchester.

scholarly journals Prospects for Coordinated Observations with XTE

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Giles ◽  
K. Jahoda ◽  
J. H. Swank ◽  
W. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Large Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transient Sources ◽  
Sky Monitor ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Proportional Counter Array ◽  
The University

AbstractThe X-ray Timing Explorer (XTE) is a NASA satellite designed to perform high-time-resolution studies of known X-ray sources. The two main experiments are a large-area proportional counter array (PCA) from the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and a high-energy X-ray timing experiment (HEXTE) from the University of California at San Diego (UCSD). The PCA data is processed by an electronic data system (EDS) built by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) that performs many parallel processing analysis functions for on-board evaluation and data compression. MIT also provide an all-sky monitor (ASM) experiment so that XTE can be slewed rapidly to new transient sources. The spacecraft provides a mean science telemetry rate for the PCA of ~20 kilobits per second (kbps), with bursts to 256 kbps for durations of 30 minutes. Photons are tagged to 1 μs and absolute timing should be better than 100 μs. XTE is due for launch in late August 1995 and the first NASA Research Announcement (NRA) is due out in January 1995. This paper summarises XTE’s performance and then discusses the interactive and flexible operations of the satellite and some of the science it can do. These features should make XTE a productive spacecraft for coordinated observation programs.

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