LYMPHATIC ABSORPTION OF CHOLESTEROL IN THE DOG FOLLOWING CORN OIL AND BUTTERFAT FEEDING

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Huang ◽  
A. Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Lymphatic Absorption ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Glyceride Type ◽  
Lymph Lipid ◽  
Cholesterol Supplementation

Lymphatic absorption of cholesterol was determined in 11 unanaesthetized dogs with thoracic duct bypasses or fistulae, following the administration of corn oil or butterfat with and without cholesterol supplementation. Comparisons based on fixed amounts of lymph or total lymph lipid, as well as the estimated overall sterol recoveries, showed that the conclusions can vary depending on how the calculations are done. On the basis of data collected in the same animal, it was concluded that the glyceride type of dietary fat had no significant effect on lymphatic absorption of cholesterol in the dog. The feeding of butterfat, corn and coconut oils, or simple triglycerides to different animals resulted in widely varying lymph cholesterol levels, which could not be correlated with any of the variables under direct experimental control.

Effect of saturated and unsaturated fats on hepatic synthesis and biliary excretion of cholesterol by the rat

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean D. Wilson ◽  
Marvin D. Siperstein
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
End Products ◽  
Hepatic Synthesis

In an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms by which saturated and unsaturated fats influence cholesterol metabolism, cholesterol synthesis in rat liver slices and the excretion of cholesterol end products into the bile of rats was studied during variations in the type and quantity of dietary fat. Neither 30% lard nor 30% corn oil diets had any effect on either the excretion of total cholesterol-C14 end products or of cholesterol itself into bile. Furthermore, the feeding of lard or corn oil, at either the 10% or 30% level, had no effect on the rate of conversion of acetate or mevalonate to cholesterol. These studies are interpreted as suggesting that the effects of saturated and unsaturated fats on cholesterol levels in rats are mediated at some phase of cholesterol metabolism other than the hepatic synthesis or hepatic degradation and excretion of this sterol.

The effect of dietary fat on diet selection may involve central serotonin

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. R559-R563 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Mullen ◽  
R. J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Serotonin System ◽  
Selection Behavior ◽  
Brain Tissues

Rats consuming a diet of 34% tallow select more protein and less carbohydrate than rats fed either 5% corn oil or tallow or 34% corn oil (25). To examine potential mechanism(s) of this phenomenon, we fed rats diets containing either tallow or corn oil at levels of 5 or 34% for 2 days. Sera were analyzed, and rats fed 34% tallow had higher serum insulin compared with those fed 34% corn oil. In a second experiment, rats were fed either 34% corn oil or tallow for 2 days. Brain tissues were analyzed, and rats fed 34% tallow had elevated serotonin in the raphe area compared with those fed 34% corn oil. In a third experiment, rats were fed either 34% corn oil or tallow for 2 days and then given dl-fenfluramine before diet selection. Fenfluramine depressed food intake to a greater degree in rats fed 34% tallow compared with those fed corn oil. These findings suggest that the diet selection behavior observed in tallow-fed rats may be mediated by a central serotonin system.

DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION OF PLANT STEROLS IN THE DOG

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1493-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kuksis ◽  
T. C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Differential Absorption ◽  
Single Meal

Eight adult female dogs (8 to 10 kg) with thoracic duct fistula were fed 5 to 10% solutions of mixed plant sterols in oleic acid, corn oil, or butter. The lymph, which flowed at a rate of 20 to 50 ml per hour, was drained for 18 to 26 hours. Each 2-hour collection was analyzed separately for cholesterol and plant sterols. Under comparable conditions and following a single meal containing plant sterol, about 35 mg of this sterol was transferred to lymph in 24 hours when corn oil was fed and 130 mg in the case of butterfat. At the time of maximum sterol absorption (8 to 12 hours after feeding) as much as 15% of the total lymph sterol was contributed by the plant sterols. Significant absorption of both β- and γ-sitosterol was observed, the γ-isomer being assimilated some 4 to 5 times as readily as the β-isomer. About 50% of the total lymph cholesterol was esterified. Essentially all of the absorbed plant sterol was free.

scholarly journals Studies of Human Twins Reveal Genetic Variation That Affects Dietary Fat Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-481
Author(s):  
Cailu Lin ◽  
Lauren Colquitt ◽  
Paul Wise ◽  
Paul A S Breslin ◽  
Nancy E Rawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Multivariate Gwas ◽  
Triglyceride Content

Abstract To learn more about the mechanisms of human dietary fat perception, we asked 398 human twins to rate the fattiness and how much they liked 6 types of potato chips that differed in triglyceride content (2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15% corn oil); reliability estimates were obtained from a subset (n = 50) who did the task twice. Some chips also had a saturated long-chain fatty acid (FA; hexadecanoic acid, 16:0) added (0.2%) to evaluate its effect on fattiness and liking. We computed the heritability of these measures and conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify regions of the genome that co-segregate with fattiness and liking. Perceived fattiness of and liking for the potato chips were reliable (r = 0.31–0.62, P < 0.05) and heritable (up to h2 = 0.29, P < 0.001, for liking). Adding hexadecanoic acid to the potato chips significantly increased ratings of fattiness but decreased liking. Twins with the G allele of rs263429 near GATA3-AS1 or the G allele of rs8103990 within ZNF729 reported more liking for potato chips than did twins with the other allele (multivariate GWAS, P < 1 × 10–5), with results reaching genome-wide suggestive but not significance criteria. Person-to-person variation in the perception and liking of dietary fat was 1) negatively affected by the addition of a saturated FA and 2) related to inborn genetic variants. These data suggest that liking for dietary fat is not due solely to FA content and highlight new candidate genes and proteins within this sensory pathway.

THE EFFECT OF DIETARY MARINE FISH OILS ON THE SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC CHICKENS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood ◽  
Jacob Biely
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Shark Liver Oil ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Basking Shark

An investigation was carried out into the effect of marine fish oils on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic chickens. The oils were fed at the 10% level in the diet. Lingcod liver oil and halibut liver oil prevented the hypercholesterolemic effect of supplementary cholesterol, whereas crude herring oil increased the hypercholesterolemia to the same extent as did corn oil and tallow. Ratfish liver oil, dogfish liver oil, and basking shark liver oil had less noticeable effects on the cholesterol levels. No clear explanation could be given for the observed behavior but there seemed to be a difference in the effects on serum cholesterol of liver oils from teleostei fish and from selachii fish, the former class of liver oils being much more potent in preventing the increase in serum cholesterol concentration in chickens caused by the addition of cholesterol to the diet.

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