High incidence of limb skeletal variants in a peripheral population of the red-backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus (Amphibia: Plethodontidae), from Nova Scotia

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1925-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hanken
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Peripheral Population ◽  
Single Population ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Frequent Absence

A single population of Plethodon cinereus from northwestern Nova Scotia shows a high incidence of limb skeletal variants, which is exceptional for this morphologically conservative species. Included are nine carpal patterns and five tarsal patterns, which result from the variable occurrence of 11 different combinations of fused adjacent mesopodial elements, and frequent absence of one or more ossified phalanges; one instance of increased phalangeal number also is noted. Primitive plethodontid carpal and tarsal patterns, which characterize P. cinereus from other parts of its range, occur in 69 and 71% of the carpi and tarsi examined, respectively. Modal phalangeal formulae also are those typical of P. cinereus generally. Several mesopodial variants resemble those seen in other plethodontid genera; they may have appeared independently in P. cinereus. Others are unique to this population. Both the genetic basis and geographical extent of this variation are unknown.

scholarly journals Two Amelanistic Eastern Red-backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) from Eastern Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-David Moore ◽  
John Gilhen
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Black Skin ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Skin Pigment

Three colour morphs of the Eastern Red-backed Salamander, Plethodon cinereus, are known in eastern Canada: red-backed, lead-backed, and erythristic. Anomalies, including two albino and four leucistic individuals, are also known from eastern Canada. We report the first salamander individuals exhibiting amelanism, which is a lack of black skin pigment, but with black eyes, one from Quebec and one from Nova Scotia, Canada.

Single Founder Mutation (W380G) in Type II Protein C Deficiency in Finland

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (09) ◽  
pp. 424-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Kuismanen ◽  
Päivi Holopainen ◽  
Elina Vahtera ◽  
Vesa Rasi ◽  
Tom Krusius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Single Mutation ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Protein C Deficiency ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Genealogical Data ◽  
Specific Haplotype

SummaryThe present study investigated the genetic basis for type II protein C deficiency in Finland, where this form has an unusually high incidence. We demonstrated that, first, a single novel mutation W380G in the protein C gene (PROC) explained 25/26 index patients, estimated to represent two thirds of all families with type II deficiency in Finland. Second, extended chromosomal conservation, i. e. a specific haplotype, around the W380G mutation was indicated in unrelated patients. Third, a local geographical origin for the W380G mutation was suggested by genealogical data. These results are in contrast to the heterogeneity in type II protein C deficiency elsewhere, but closely parallel disorders of the Finnish disease heritage. The high frequency of the type II disease can be explained by founder effect and subsequent enrichment of a single mutation in Finland. The present study also provided a simple means for genetic diagnosis of this disease and the genetic test can be included in the routine screenings in this population.

Eucalyptus Aromaphloia Pryor & Willis ̵1 a Redefinition of Geographical and Morphological Boundaries

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chappill ◽  
PY Ladiges ◽  
D Boland
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Data ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
North West ◽  
Adult Leaf ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Individual Trees

Adult and seedling morphological data collected for 37 populations referred to Eucalyptus aromaphloia Pryor & Willis have been analysed using a range of multivariate classification and ordination techniques. The analysis of adult leaf, bud and fruit morphology revealed only a subtle pattern of geographical variation of limited diagnostic significance. Differentiation in terms of seedling morphology was more marked, and four groups were identified. A relatively high incidence of character segregation in progeny from individual trees was observed and.the implications of this are discussed. Two of the four groups encompass seedlings with non-glaucous, narrow juvenile leaves and round stems. The first group comprises populations from the Little Desert and the Grampian Ranges west of the Mt William Range. The juvenile leaves are linear, sessile for many nodes and often become falcate after 15-20 nodes. The second group is a single population from east of Rylstone, north-west of Sydney. The juvenile leaves are lanceolate and become petiolate but not falcate after the 15th leaf node. This population was previously referred to E. corticosa L. Johnson. The third group is similar to the type of E. aromaphloia and populations were found only in west- central Victoria, from the Mt William Range in the Grampians east to the Brisbane Range near Melbourne. Seedlings are characterised by round stems and ovate, glaucous juvenile leaves that are sessile or subsessile for many leaf nodes. Thus E. aromaphloia s. str. has a more restricted distribution than previously described. The fourth group comprises populations from eastern Victoria where the juvenile leaves are non- glaucous, broad-lanceolate, distinctly petiolate by the 11th node and the stems are often square.

Exercise-Induced Bronchial Lability in Wheezy Children and Their Families

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (5s) ◽  
pp. 851-855
Author(s):  
Simon Godfrey ◽  
Peter König
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Very High ◽  
Similar Incidence

Studies have been carried out to investigate bronchial lability as assessed by means of standardized running exercise tests. It was found that children who had been wheezy as infants still had an abnormal degree of bronchial lability, even if they were asymptomatic, and closely resembled children who had continued to wheeze. The relatives of asthmatic children displayed a high incidence of bronchial lability. atopic diseases, and positive skin tests, and a similar incidence was found in the relatives of babies with wheezy bronchitis. The difference from a control population was particularly noticeable in the healthy relatives of wheezy children. Studies in monozygotic and dizygotic twins have shown a very high incidence of concordance for asthma, particularly when bronchial lability is taken into account. These studies suggest a common genetic basis for wheezing in childhood, based on the inheritance of bronchial lability. The difference in response of the actively asthmatic subject from that of other labile subjects suggests that additional environmental factors are necessary to interact with the inherited bronchial lability.

Two Erythristic Plethodon cinereus from Nova Scotia

Copeia ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 1957 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherman Bleakney ◽  
Francis Cook
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus

scholarly journals The genetic basis of susceptibility to leukemia induction in mice by 3-methylcholanthrene applied percutaneously.

1978 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Duran-Reynals ◽  
F Lilly ◽  
A Bosch ◽  
K J Blank
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Skin Tumors ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Level ◽  
Skin Painting

Susceptibility to leukemia induction in mice by skin painting with 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) is strain-specific, occurring only in strains relatively resistant to MCA-induced skin tumors. The Ah locus, which has a dominant allele (Ahb) for inducibility of the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) enzyme system and a recessive allele (Ahd) for noninducibility, appears to be the major determinant of this trait. MCA-painted mice of strains and crosses carrying the Ahb allele usually show a high incidence of skin tumors (papillomas which may evolve into malignant tumors) and little or no leukemia, whereas in mice homozygous for the Ahd allele the treatment usually induces a high incidence of leukemia and few or no skin tumors. Among mice of a segregating backcross generation including both Ahb/Ahd heterozygotes and Ahd homozygotes, the occurrence of skin tumors was correlated directly with AHH inducibility and inversely with the leukemic response. Mice of Ahb strains with a high level of endogenous murine leukemia (MuLV) expression (C58, PL) show a much weaker skin tumor response than expected but no increase in leukemia incidence, and this observation tends to confirm the previous finding that MuLV infection of mice of low-MuLV strains results in reduced susceptibility to MCA tumorigenesis.

scholarly journals A Second Amelanistic Eastern Red-backed Salamander, Plethodon cinereus, from Nova Scotia, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Russell ◽  
Wilfried Beslin ◽  
Maia Hudak ◽  
Ayokunle Ogunbiyi ◽  
Avery Withrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Disturbed Habitat

In 2011, an amelanistic Eastern Red-backed Salamander, Plethodon cinereus, was discovered in Point Pleasant Park in Halifax, Nova Scotia. This is the second amelanistic Eastern Red-backed Salamander that has been documented from the Halifax area. Albino and leucistic individuals have also been identified from Nova Scotia. These aberrant conditions, including the two amelanistic individals, were discovered in isolated, fragmented, and disturbed habitat.

scholarly journals NEW DISTRIBUTION RECORDS FOR FLOWERING PLANTS IN ANTIGONISH COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R. Taylor ◽  
Jonathan Ferrier ◽  
Randolph Lauff ◽  
David J. Garbary
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Centaurea Cyanus ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Distribution

Distributions of over 50 species of flowering plants from Antigonish County, NovaScotia are presented based on collections made primarily over the last ten years. Some of these are new county records representing range extensions from the western and central parts of the province. Many are new records for the eastern mainland and north shores of the province. Rare species discussed are Asclepias incarnata, Comandra umbellata and Triosteum aurantiacum. Several species, including Asparagus officinalis, Centaurea cyanus, Lathyrus latifolius, Lysimachia nummularia, and Origanum vulgare, likely represent recent or older garden escapes. Sedum ochroleucum is reported outside of cultivation for the first time from Nova Scotia, based on a single population that has been established for at least two years.On décrit la répartition de plus de 50 espèces d’angiospermes dans le comtéd’Antigonish (Nouvelle‑Écosse), d’après des collectes effectuées essentiellementles dix dernières années. Il s’agit parfois de nouveaux cas signalés dans le comté, représentant des prolongements de l’aire de répartition depuis l’ouest et le centre de la province et, dans bien d’autres cas, de nouveaux signalements pour l’est de la péninsule et les côtes nord de la province. Les espèces rares présentées sont Asclepias incarnata, Comandra umbellata et Triosteum aurantiacum. Plusieurs espèces comme Asparagus officinalis, Centaurea cyanus, Lathyrus latifolius, Lysimachia nummularia et Origanum vulgare sont vraisemblablement des plantes échappées de cultures. Sedumochroleucum est signalé pour la première fois à l’état sauvage en Nouvelle‑Écosse, dans une seule population établie depuis au moins deux ans.

scholarly journals Localization of genetic loci controlling hydronephrosis in the Brown Norway rat and its association with hematuria

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalitha Kota ◽  
Herbert Schulz ◽  
Samreen Falak ◽  
Norbert Hübner ◽  
Mary Osborne-Pellegrin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
Congenic Line ◽  
Norway Rat ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Brown Norway Rat

The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis of congenital hydronephrosis (HN), a poorly defined pathological entity, with a rat model. The Brown Norway (BN) strain spontaneously presents a high incidence of apparently asymptomatic HN, whereas the LOU strain does not. A backcross was established between these two strains [BN × (BN × LOU)] and a genomewide scan was performed with 193 microsatellite markers on 121 males and 118 females of this population, which had been phenotyped and scored for HN severity (defined as degree of renal pelvic dilation), followed by linkage analysis with Mapmaker/QTL software. Bilateral HN score was significantly linked to a locus on chromosome 6 ( Z scores 4.4 and 4.8 for all rats and for females, respectively). Suggestive loci were identified on chromosomes 2 (for only right-sided HN) and 4. This is the first study in rats to identify genetic loci for HN. Three candidate genes present in these loci were sequenced and insertions detected in Id2 and Agtr1b genes in BN, which did not, however, lead to modified expression as measured by quantitative PCR. Production of a congenic line for part of the chromosome 6 locus confirmed its involvement in HN, but the phenotype was mild. Evidence of hematuria was observed in 9.6% of the backcross rats, mostly males and only in kidneys with HN, but not necessarily in the most severely affected. Hematuria also occurs in the BN colony used here, where it is due to papilloma-like lesions involving pelvic epithelial proliferation, but not in the LOU rat.

Clostridium botulinum in Sediments from the Canadian Atlantic Seaboard

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Laycock ◽  
A. A. Longard
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Scotian Shelf ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Atlantic Seaboard ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Type C ◽  
Northeast Coast

The presence of Clostridium botulinum types B, C, and E has been detected off the coast of Nova Scotia. Whereas types B and E were found only in low concentration on the Scotian Shelf, localized areas of high concentration of type C were found inshore in the Halifax–Dartmouth area and offshore in the deeper waters of Emerald Basin and the edge of the Shelf. Type E only was found off the coast of Newfoundland with a high incidence of the organism as far as 150 miles off the northeast coast. In general, C. botulinum appeared to be absent from the shallower bank areas but present in the deeper waters within and bordering upon the Continental Shelf.

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