The effects of Salmincola californiensis (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) on the gills of farm-raised rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2893-2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Sutherland ◽  
Darwin D. Wittrock
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Gill Filament ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Feeding Activities ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

Salmo gairdneri from an Iowa trout farm were found to be infested with Salmincola californiensis. Examination of gills from 235 trout revealed a prevalence of 83% and a mean intensity of 4.6 copepods. Preferred sites were established with the adult female attached usually on distal ends of the gill filaments or on gill bars and the chalimus attached to proximal regions of gill filaments. Examination of hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections of attached adult females revealed hyperplasia and hypertrophy ("tumor of attachment") and atrophy or growth inhibition ("crypting") of affected gill filaments. Eosinophilia and absence of mucous cells occurred in gill filaments affected by feeding activities and bulla attachment. Hyperplasia of the gill filament cartilaginous rod and resulting formation of a cartilaginous "bridge" between bulla and filament rod is described. Chalimus attachment elicited hyperplasia and frequently fusion of basal elements of adjacent gill filaments. Activities of adult females attached to gill bars resulted in proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium, infiltration of granular leucocytes and reduction of mucous cells. Damage to gill tissues of trout maintained in dense populations offish culture is deemed significant, especially during summer periods of low dissolved oxygen.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of the digestive tract of Schizodon knerii (Steindachner, 1875), (Characiformes: Anostomidae): An anatomical, histological and histochemical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 867-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella L. Dos Santos ◽  
Fábio P. Arantes ◽  
Kleber B. Santiago ◽  
José E. Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Taste Buds ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Pyloric Region ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium

The digestive tracts of 44 specimens of Schizodon knerii were studied using anatomical, histological and histochemical techniques. The mouth has terminal position, the lip epithelium is squamous stratified with mucous, claviform cells and taste buds, teeth have an incisive form and the tongue has a stratified squamous epithelium with mucous cells and taste buds. The oropharynx cavity is formed by gill apparatus and pharyngeal teeth. The oesophagus presented pleated mucosa, a stratified squamous epithelium with mucous cells, oesophageal glands and taste buds. The stomach presented cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions, simple prismatic epithelium with tubular glands, with none in the pyloric region. The intestine contains 11-15 pyloric caeca, a simple prismatic epithelium with brush border, goblet cells and lymphocytes. Mucosal cells, oesophageal glands and goblet cells reacted positively to PAS, amylase + PAS, Ab pH 2.5 and Ab pH 0.5. Gastric prismatic cells reacted positively to PAS, amylase + PAS, but only those in the pyloric region reacted positively to Ab pH 2.5 and Ab pH 0.5. The results improve the understanding of the anatomy of S. knerii feeding habits and the presence of mucosubstances in the epithelium, highlights the importance of glycoproteins for passing food through the digestive tract.

scholarly journals Maturation of human lingual papillae during second and third trimesters: a fetal histo-morphological study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
R. Kumar ◽  
A. Souza ◽  
S. Kotian ◽  
S. Kalthur
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lingual Papillae ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Vallate Papillae ◽  
Well Differentiated

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the histological changes of tongue in a growing fetus. There are very few studies on histogenesis of tongue in human fetuses. Therefore the present study was carried out to describe the histogenesis of human fetal tongue at different gestational ages. Material and Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted on 20 fetuses (both males and females). The tissue sections including both the anterior two thirds and the posterior one third of the tongue were dissected. The slides were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) for microscopic observation. The images were analysed digitally using ImagePro Premier 9.1 Software. Results: At 20th week, the tongue was lined by stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium and the different types of papillae were distinguishable. No taste buds were observed along the vallate papillae. The glandular and muscular components were well differentiated. At 24 weeks of gestation and the surface of the tongue was lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. At 36 weeks the thickness of the epithelium was significantly reduced and the vascularity of lamina propria was increased. Conclusion: As the prenatal development of the human lingual papillae during the irst trimester is already known through the literature, the present study highlighted the structural maturation of the papillae during second and third trimesters.

scholarly journals Understanding Lateral Periodontal Cyst: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 099-102
Author(s):  
Monica Roy Chandel ◽  
Kundendu Arya Bishen ◽  
Nikit Agrawal ◽  
Himanshu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Maxillary Bone ◽  
Pathological Correlation ◽  
Enamel Epithelium ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Lateral Periodontal Cyst ◽  
Reduced Enamel Epithelium

AbstractLateral periodontal cysts (LPCs) are developmental in origin and are typically seen in the canine-premolar area in the mandible and less commonly in the maxilla. Reported rate of incidence of LPCs is less than 1%, and LPCs represent only 0.8% of entire central cysts of the maxillary bone. Despite its unique clinical and radiological presentation, it is finally diagnosed due to its unique histological characteristics. Here, we present one case with characteristic findings. The routine hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections revealed reduced enamel epithelium-like cystic lining that is made of thin, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium along with some epithelial plaques. The clinical-radio-pathological correlation affirmed the diagnosis of LPC. The pathogenesis of LPC has been discussed.

scholarly journals Pathology of Blister Beetle (Epicauta) Poisoning in Horses

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Schoeb ◽  
R. J. Panciera
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Acute Disturbance ◽  
Clinical Illness ◽  
Blister Beetle

Case records of 21 horses that had acute illness after eating baled alfalfa hay containing dead striped blister beetles were reviewed. Tissue sections from 14 of the horses were examined; sections from two normal horses and several others with unrelated diseases were used for comparison. Clinical illness was characterized by abdominal pain, fever, depression, frequent urination, shock and, occasionally, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter. Laboratory findings were hemoconcentration, neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypocalcemia, hematuria and low urine specific gravity. Major morphologic changes were sloughing of the stratified squamous epithelium of the stomach, hemorrhage and ulceration in the urinary bladder, enterocolitis and myocardial necrosis. Five horses with experimental poisoning had lesions and clinical signs similar to those of the natural disease. Acute disturbance of both the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, and the stomach and bladder lesions, were regarded as sufficiently suggestive of blister beetle poisoning to be useful in differential diagnosis, but no pathognomonic lesions were found. Therefore, striped blister beetles should be sought in hay fed to affected horses if blister beetle poisoning is suspected.

Junction of the Epithelium and Lamina Propria of the Bovine Rumen Mucosa

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Al W. Stinson
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Protective Shield ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Lead Hydroxide ◽  
Acetic Acids

The stratified squamous epithelium which lines the ruminal compartment of the bovine stomach performs at least three important functions. (1) The upper keratinized layer forms a protective shield against the rough, fibrous, constantly moving ingesta. (2) It is an organ of absorption since a number of substances are absorbed directly through the epithelium. These include short chain fatty acids, potassium, sodium and chloride ions, water, and many others. (3) The cells of the deeper layers metabolize butyric acid and to a lesser extent propionic and acetic acids which are the fermentation products of rumen digestion. Because of the functional characteristics, this epithelium is important in the digestive process of ruminant species which convert large quantities of rough, fibrous feed into energy.Tissue used in this study was obtained by biopsy through a rumen fistula from clinically healthy, yearling holstein steers. The animals had been fed a typical diet of hay and grain and the ruminal papillae were fully developed. The tissue was immediately immersed in 1% osmium tetroxide buffered to a pH of 7.4 and fixed for 2 hrs. The tissue blocks were embedded in Vestapol-W, sectioned with a Porter-Blum microtome with glass knives and stained with lead hydroxide. The sections were studied with an RCA EMU 3F electron microscope.

scholarly journals PathoFusion: An Open-Source AI Framework for Recognition of Pathomorphological Features and Mapping of Immunohistochemical Data

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Guoqing Bao ◽  
Xiuying Wang ◽  
Ran Xu ◽  
Christina Loh ◽  
Oreoluwa Daniel Adeyinka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Tumor Vasculature ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Adjacent Tissue ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Contextual Feature ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Feature Information ◽  
Software Code

We have developed a platform, termed PathoFusion, which is an integrated system for marking, training, and recognition of pathological features in whole-slide tissue sections. The platform uses a bifocal convolutional neural network (BCNN) which is designed to simultaneously capture both index and contextual feature information from shorter and longer image tiles, respectively. This is analogous to how a microscopist in pathology works, identifying a cancerous morphological feature in the tissue context using first a narrow and then a wider focus, hence bifocal. Adjacent tissue sections obtained from glioblastoma cases were processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (CD276) staining. Image tiles cropped from the digitized images based on markings made by a consultant neuropathologist were used to train the BCNN. PathoFusion demonstrated its ability to recognize malignant neuropathological features autonomously and map immunohistochemical data simultaneously. Our experiments show that PathoFusion achieved areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.985 ± 0.011 and 0.988 ± 0.001 in patch-level recognition of six typical pathomorphological features and detection of associated immunoreactivity, respectively. On this basis, the system further correlated CD276 immunoreactivity to abnormal tumor vasculature. Corresponding feature distributions and overlaps were visualized by heatmaps, permitting high-resolution qualitative as well as quantitative morphological analyses for entire histological slides. Recognition of more user-defined pathomorphological features can be added to the system and included in future tissue analyses. Integration of PathoFusion with the day-to-day service workflow of a (neuro)pathology department is a goal. The software code for PathoFusion is made publicly available.

scholarly journals Deep learning-based transformation of H&E stained tissues into special stains

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin de Haan ◽  
Yijie Zhang ◽  
Jonathan E. Zuckerman ◽  
Tairan Liu ◽  
Anthony E. Sisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Needle Core Biopsy ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Biopsy Tissue ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

AbstractPathology is practiced by visual inspection of histochemically stained tissue slides. While the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is most commonly used, special stains can provide additional contrast to different tissue components. Here, we demonstrate the utility of supervised learning-based computational stain transformation from H&E to special stains (Masson’s Trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff and Jones silver stain) using kidney needle core biopsy tissue sections. Based on the evaluation by three renal pathologists, followed by adjudication by a fourth pathologist, we show that the generation of virtual special stains from existing H&E images improves the diagnosis of several non-neoplastic kidney diseases, sampled from 58 unique subjects (P = 0.0095). A second study found that the quality of the computationally generated special stains was statistically equivalent to those which were histochemically stained. This stain-to-stain transformation framework can improve preliminary diagnoses when additional special stains are needed, also providing significant savings in time and cost.

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